Engr. Md.

Moniruzzamzn,
Engr. Md. Tanvir Hossain & others.

PROJECT NAME: AROZ MAJID CITY

REPORT ON: SUB-SOIL INVESTIGATION FOR CONSTRUCTION

OF PROPOSED 12 (TWELVE) STORIED
COMMERCIAL CUM RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
AT DAG NO# S.A-331 & 455, R.S-455,456,447 & 448,
KHATIAN# S.A-117, R.S-344, MOUZA# PURANJPARA,
BIRPUR, NARSINGDI SADAR, NARSINGDI.

December – 2022

SOIL LAYER EXPLORATION

(Engineering Soil Test, Pilling Works, Load Test & Digital Survey Consultant)
House # 358 (2nd floor), Road #05, DOHS, Baridhara, Dhaka-1229.
Mobile: 01871-045152, 01871-45155
E-mail: [email protected]
 : CONTENTS:

Page no.

1. INTRODUCTION 3

2. LOCATION OF PROJECT 3

3. SCOPE OF WORK 3

4. FIELD WORK 3-4

4.1 EXPLORATORY BORING

4.2 STANDARD PENETRATION TEST (SPT)
4.3 UNDISTURBED SOIL SAMPLE (U)
4.4 DISTURBED SOIL SAMPLE (D)
4.5 GROUND WATER TABLE (GWT)

5. LABORATORY TEST 4-7

6. DESCRIPTION OF SOIL (COMPOSITION & ALLOWABLE)

SOIL PRESSURE & OTHERS PARAMETERS DEPENDING 7-8
ON ‘N’ VALUE.

7. PHYSICAL & ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SOIL. 8-9

8. GROUND ELEVATION. 9

9. BEARING CAPACITY OF PROPOSED FOUNDATION. 9-12

10. TABLE FOR BEARING CAPACITY. 12-15

11. SETTLEMENT OF FOUNDATION. 16-17

12. DISCUSSION AND COMMENT 18

13. FIGURES BORE LOGS, TESTS & RESULTS. 19 to rest

 : REPORTS:

1. Introduction:
“SOIL LAYER EXPLORATION” was entrusted with the Sub-soil technical
investigation works for construction of the proposed 12 (Twelve) storied Comm. cum
Resid. Building at Dag no# S.A-331 & 455, R.S-455,456,447 & 448, Khatian# S.A-
117, R.S-344, Mouza# Puranjpara, Birpur, Narsingdi. An adequate soil investigation
is an essential pre-requisite of a civil engineering project.

The object of the work is to investigate the in-situ soil condition, pertaining to depth and
thickness of strata formation, load bearing capacity of the sub soil & collect sufficient data
for safe and economic design of foundation for the proposed structure.

The sub-soil investigation work was executed in response to award of the contract by the
owners in favour of "SOIL LAYER EXPLORATION" a sub-soil exploration firm in
Dhaka during the period of 2023.

2. Location of Project: Dag no# S.A-331 & 455, R.S-455,456,447 & 448,
Khatian# S.A-117, R.S-344, Mouza# Puranjpara, Birpur, Narsingdi.

3. Scope of Work:
The scope of work is comprised of
i) Exploratory borings.
ii) Execution of SPT at an interval of 5 feet depth.
iii) In-situ testing.
iv) Collection of soil samples (Disturbed & Undisturbed).
iv) Recording of ground water table.
vi) Laboratory test.
vii) Evaluation of test results.
viii) Preparation of report.

4. Fieldwork:
4.1 Exploratory Boring:
A total of 14 (Fourteen) nos. of exploratory bore holes (Location shows in the
enclosed layout plan) up to 161-0" maximum depth below the existing ground level.
4.2 Standard Penetration Test (SPT):
Standard penetration test (S.P.T) have been executed in each borehole at 5-0 interval
up to the final depth of exploration. The tests were made by using split spoon for 2
outer dia, and 1-3/8 inches inner dia. attached to the lower end of drill rod. A 140 lbs.
hammer was allowed fall freely from a height of 2.50 ft. on a socket attached to the
drill rod. The number of blows required for last 12 of penetration of the spoon was
entered into the bore chart as being the standard penetration test results. The disturbed
samples collected in the spoon during the tests were kept in polythene bags and marked
with bore hole number, depth from EGL and blows required and stored in the godown
of “SOIL LAYER EXPLORATION”.
 4.3 Undisturbed Soil Samples (U):
The undisturbed soil samples have been collected from the cohesive deposit from
different depths. The samples are shown on the bore logs against respective depths by
proper symbol. The samples were collected in thin walled Shelby tube by pressing the
tubes into the cohesive soil. 2 (Two) nos. undisturbed samples have been collected
from the entire bore for laboratory testing and the test results of which are furnished in
summary of laboratory test results for necessary utilization.

4.4 Disturbed Soil Samples (D):

Disturbed soil samples were extracted at every 5ft. interval for at every change of strata
and examine the changes in the color and type of drill water returned with cutting of
soil from the boreholes during operation. The samples were collected by means of split
spoon sampler. This sampler was attached to the bottom of the drilling rod in place of
the cutting bit and lowered into the hole at the desired depth. It was then driven into the
soil up to a measured depth by means of hammering and collected in polythene bags,
properly labeled and shifted to the laboratory for testing.

4.5 Ground Water Table (GWT):

The ground water table was recorded in each borehole. Measurement for ground water
table was taken after an overnight stabilization on completion of boring of that hole and
followed by another measurement after 24 hours. The last measurement was taken as
final for ground water table and recorded. During this period of borehole was protected
from any physical disturbance of caving. The recorded ground water tables are shown
on boring logs attached in this report.

5. Laboratory Tests:
The following laboratory tests were performed in accordance with ASTM/AASHTO
specification.

Name of tests Number of test performed

Natural moisture content tests 7 (Seven) nos.

Specific gravity tests 5 (Five) nos.
Atterberg limits (Lw & Pw) 3 (Three) nos.
Density Test (Wet & Dry) 2 (Two) nos.
Grain size Analysis Test 22 (Twenty Two) nos.
Consolidation Tests 0
Unconfined Compression Tests 2 (Two) nos.
Direct shear Tests 0

All laboratory tests conducted on soil samples collected either in the disturbed or in the
undisturbed state. These are as follows:
5.1 Natural Moisture Content:

The water content of a soil sample is the ratio of the weight of the water in the sample to
its dry weight. The soil sample is weighed both in natural state and in oven dry state and
the moisture content is calculated by driving the loss of weight of the sample by its dry
weight. Natural moisture content is one of the most important index properties of fined
grained soil which is used to determine degree of soil, porosity of soil etc.

5.2 Specific Gravity Test:

The specific gravity of a soil solid is defined as the ratio of the weight of given volume of a soil
solid at a given temp to the weight of same volume of distilled water at that temp. To determine
the specific gravity of a soil sample, 26 grams of oven dried soil sample is thoroughly
pulverized and placed in a calibrated pycnometer. Water is poured into until its top is slightly
below the calibrated mark. The mixture in the pycnometer then boiled thoroughly in order to
eliminate all the air bubble. More water is then added to the mixture till it touched the calibrated
mark. It is then allowed to fill overnight, the temperature recorded and the bottle is weighted.
The specific gravity Gs is given by

G S = (GT WS) / (WS-W1 +W2)

Where,
GT= Specific gravity of water.
Ws= The weight of oven dry soil (26) grams.
W1= Wt. of flask +soil +water.
W2= Wt. of flask +water.

5.3 Atterberg Limits:

The physical properties of clay are greatly influenced by water content. A given soil
behave as a fluid or as a plastic materials, depending on how much water it contains. The
water contents that correspond to the boundaries between the states of consistency are
called as the Atterberg limit.

Liquid limit is the minimum water content at which a clay soil just starts behaving like a
fluid. It is determined with the help of standard liquid limit device, which consists of brass
cup and an arrangement to impart below to cup at a uniform rate. A grove of standard
dimension is cut into a paste of soil contained in the cup. The water content at which 26
blows are sufficient to close the standard groove is termed as the liquid limit of the soil
sample.

The plastic limit is the minimum water content at which a soil is just plastic and determine
by rolling out a soil sample at slowly decreasing water content until that water content is
reached at which a thread of 1/8 dia just begins to crumble. The thread is rolled on glass
plate with hand. The water content that is sufficient to fill the pores, when the soil is at the
minimum volume it will attain drying. To obtain the moisture content below which no
further volume change of soil mass occurs and to obtained quantitative indication of the
amount of volume change that can occur.
5.4 Density (Wet, Dry & Relative):

Density of soil samples means weight per unit volume of soil. This test is used to ensure the
field compaction, To find out the densities of soil samples in undisturbed state, specimens of
regular sizes are trimmed out of the original sample and the same are weighed in both natural
and oven dry states.

Where,
W= Water content when saturated, in percent of dry weight.

5.5 Grain Size Analysis:

The object of grain size analysis is to determine the size of the soil grains and the
percentage by weight of soil particles of different particles size, comprising a soil sample.
The process consists of either sieve analysis or hydrometer analysis or both. The
hydrometer analysis is adopted for sample passing through sieve no-200. For hydrometer
analysis, a 40 gms. of the oven dry sample is mixed with required quantity of water in a
calibrated glass cylinder. In order to avoid flocculation, a little dispersing agent is added.
The density of the suspension is measured at specified time intervals, by means of a
hydrometer or special design. At any particular size, the size of the largest particle
remounting in suspension of the level of the hydrometer can be computed by means of
stocks law, where as the weight of the particles finer then that size can be computed from
the density of the suspension of the same level.

The mixture is washed through U.S standard sieve no.200 and the fraction retained is
dried. The fraction retained on each sieve is weighed for calculation of the percentage of
different fraction. The results are represented by cumulative curves plotted on semi
logarithmic graph paper.

5.6 Unconfined Compression Test:

Unconfined compression test is a simple method for determination of shearing strength of

cohesive soil, which is important to determine the bearing capacity of soil. As the name
implies, the lateral confining pressure in an unconfined compression test is kept zero. The
load is applied directly on the top of the laterally unsupported specimen and at failure is
measured.

The specimen is prepared from the undisturbed soil sample by carefully trimming. It is
cylindrical shape of 2.8`` height and 1.4`` dia. The specimen is then placed on the level
pedestal of the unconfined compression apparatus in a vertical position. The load is
applied axially on the top of the specimen and is distributed uniformly over the surface of
the specimen with the help of double providing ring assembly fitted with a strain gauge
fitted with the apparatus. The load is applied such a rate that the vertical deformation of
the sample is nearly 2% per minute in order to avoid any drainage during compression.
The load is kept increasing until the specimen fails along its shearing plane. The
maximum load at failure known as the unconfined compressive strength of the sample.
5.7 Consolidation:
The test is performed on a specimen of circular shape of 2.6” dia and 1 thickness. The
specimen is prepared from the undisturbed sample by carefully trimming it to the required
dimension with the help of cutting edge and wie saw. The ring on the load is then applied
on the porous stone and its top and bottom along with the help of a level arrangement
filled with apparatus. Decreases in volume of specimen are read from a strain gauge
attached to the consolidation unit of specified time intervals. The consolidation unit is
always kept full with water in order to avoid evaporation of the specimen.

5.8 Direct Shear Test:

Direct shear test can be performed for both co-hesionless and cohesive soil to determine
shear strength, angle of internal friction, cohesion C, volume change etc. The test is done
in a direct shear machine, which consists of a normal loading device, shearing device.
22 two pieces sample, square box etc. The rate on shearing displacement of
approximately 0.06 per minute is after used for a sample thickness of about 0.60 inch.
The results of direct shear test on a co-hesionless & cohesive soil can be presented in a
summary table & by a stress – strain curve.

6. Description of soil composition, allowable soil pressure and other

parameters of soil depending on ‘n’ value:
(i) The following terms are used in this report of description of soil composition.
(ii) Trace :- 1 to 10%
(iii) Little :- 10 to 20%
(iv) Some :- 20 to 36%
(v) Sandy ;- 36 to 60% sand
(vi) Clayey :- 36 to 60% clay
(vii) Silty ;- 36 to 60% silt

The flowing Co-relation table (After K. Terzaghi and R.B peck) are given below.

(ii) Values of Dr, unit weight and allowable soil pressure of non-cohesive soils based
on-n-values:
Table no-1

N- values Condition Relative Angle of Moist unit Allowable soil

Density internal weight in pcf pressure in TSF
friction
0-4 Very Loose 0.0-0.2 26-30 70-100 0.0-0.4
4-10 Loose 0.2-0.4 30-36 90-116 0.4-0.7
10-30 Med. Dense 0.4-0.6 36-40 110-130 0.7-2.6
30-60 Dense 0.6-0.86 40-46 110-130 2.6-4.6
Over60 Very dense 1.00 46 130-160 Over 4.6

The tabulated values apply for dry / moist co-hesionless sand, for silty sands the bearing
capacity values must be reduced by study of grain size classification and applying
judgment. Correction for water table close to bottom of foundation the bearing.
Values should be reduced to half. The bearing values are however, not affected by the
water table at a depth greater than 1.6 B below foundation level, B – being least
dimension of the bottom of foundation. The bearing values for intermediate position of
water table may be reduced by liner interpolation.

(iii) Allowable bearing capacity of clayey soil on the basis of ‘n’ values:

The relationship between the S.P.T resistances, the consistency of soil and the allowable
bearing capacity as suggested by Terzaghi and peck is given here in the table. The values
are quite approximate and should be used cautiously.

Standard Consistency or Unconfined Allowable bearing capacity in

penetration compactness compression T.S.F.
resistance ‘n’ strength ‘q’ in Square footing Continues footing
values T.S.F. 1.2 q 0.90 q
0-2 Very soft 0.0-0.26 0.0-0.30 0.0-0.226
2-4 Soft 0.26-0.60 0.30-0.60 0.226-0.46
4-8 Medium stiff 0.60-1.00 0.60-1.20 0.46-0.90
8-16 Stiff 1.00-2.00 1.20-2.40 0.90-1.80
16-32 Very stiff 2.00-4.00 2.40-4.80 1.80-3.60
Over 32 Hard Over 4.00 Over 4.80 Over 3.60

In the above table the shear strength of cohesive soil is equal to half of unconfined
compressive strength and the angle of shearing resistance is equal to zero .It should be
remembered that the correlation is only for cohesive.

7. Physical & Engineering Properties of Soil:

Physical Properties:

The physical properties of the sub-soil formation of the project area have been
evaluated by the execution of 1 (One) nos. 161-0”, 1 (One) nos. 151-0”, 1 (One)
nos. 131-0” & 11 (Eleven) nos. 101-0” deep boring. The overall physical Properties
may be summarized as follows and the color/ consistency/compactness of soil are
shown in the bore logs.
 SL. Name of test Quantity of test Physical properties
No. Minimum Maximum
1 Natural moisture
content %
2 Unit weight (lb/cft)
(a) for wet
(b) for dry
3 Specific gravity
4 Index Properties
(a) Liquid limit test
(b) Plastic limit test

(ii) Engineering Properties:

SL Name of test Quantity of test Physical properties

No.
Minimum Maximum
1 Grain size analysis
2 Unconfined compression
Strength
(a) Stress
(b) Strain %
3 Consolidation:-
a) Compression index (Cc)
b) Void ratio (Eo)
4 Direct shear test
(a) Cohesion
(b) Angle of internal friction

8. Ground Elevation:
Top of East side Road level is considered as R.L 0.00 for reference of all the boreholes in
the explored area. The R.L of E.G.L is shown in bore logs. All boreholes have been
executed with respect to the E.G.L. The depth of borehole is considered from E.G.L.

9. Bearing Capacity Proposed Foundation:

The safe bearing capacity may be computed from the following equation based on
Terzaghi’s analysis.Assumptions in Terzaghi’s: -
(i) The soil is homogeneous and isotropic.
(ii) The strip footing has a rough base.
(iii) Failure zones do not extend above the horizontal plane though the base of the
footing. Based on the above assumption Terzaghi derived a general bearing capacity
equation of a footing for width B.
 ❖ For Strip, Square and Circular Footing
Q
ult = CNc Sc+ DNq + 0.5  BNS---------------- (1)
Where,
C = Cohesion of soil
 = Unit wt of soil mass
D = Depth at which foundation is placed
Nc., Nq, N is dimensionless number known as Terzaghi’s bearing capacity factors and
depend on  values,
For Square Footing equation (1) becomes (as Sc = 1.3 & S =0.80)
Qult = 1.3CNc + DNq + 0.40 BN ------------------------------ (2)
For Circular Footing Equation (1) becomes (as Sc = 1.3 & S =0.60)
Qult = 1.3CNc + DNq + 0.30 BN -------------------------------(3)
For Strip Footing equation (1) becomes (as Sc = 1.0 & S =1.00)
Qult = CNc + DNq + 0.50 BN ------------------------------------(4)

❖ For purely cohesive soil

For purely cohesive soil,  = 0 and
Nc = 5.7, Nq = 1.0, N = 0
For Square & Circular footing
Q
ult = 1.3  5.7C + D
Q
all = 2.47C + 1/3 D----------------------------- (5)
For Strip footing
Q
ult = 5.7C + D
Q
all = 1.90C + 1/3 D----------------------------- (6)

❖ For purely cohesion less soil ----------------------------- Ref –Dr. K.R. Arora
As the ultimate bearing capacity depends upon and hence on N, it can be related
directly to N. Teng (1962) gave the following equation for the net ultimate capacity of
a strip footing.
=
= 0.5 B +0.83 (100+ ) ------------------- (7)
Where, = net ultimate bearing capacity (kN/ ),
B= width of footing (Consider B=1.5 m), N= average SPT number,
=depth of footing. If > B, use = B.
And and are water table correction factor.

❖ For square or circular footing,

=
= 0.33 E +1.0 (100+ ) ------------------------ (8)
The net allowable bearing capacity can be obtained by applying a factor of safety of 3.0.
For strip footings,
= 0.167 B +0.277 (100+ ) kN/ ------------ (9)
For circular and square footings,
= 0.11 B +0.33 (100+ ) kN/ -------------- (10)
 ❖ For mat /raft foundation:

A raft or mat is a combined footing that covers the entire area beneath a structure and
supports all the walls and columns when the allowable soil pressure is low, or the building
loads are so heavy that the spread footing would cover more than one half of the bldg. area
then it may prove more economical to use mat or raft foundation.

A raft on clay may fail in shear. The net ultimate bearing capacity may be determined
from the following expression
Qult = 6C (1+ 0.2 B/L) (1 + 0.2 D/B) ----------------------- (1)
Assume. 2B = L
Equation (1) becomes
Qult = 6C (1+ 0.2  1/2) (1 + 0.2 D/B)
= 6.6 C (1+0.2 D/B)
Qall = Qult/3 = 1.833 C (1+0.2 D/B) ----------------------------- (2)

Ref: Soil Mechanics and foundation---------------------Dr. B.C. Punmia.

❖ For purely cohesion less soil ----------------------------- Ref –Dr. K.R. Arora
The safe bearing capacity can be determined as (Teng, 1962),
= 0.22 B +0.67 (100+ ) ------------------------- (3)
The safe settlement pressure for a settlement of 25 mm is given by
= 17.5(N-3) kN/ ------------------------------------------ (4)
Where,
B= smaller dimension of raft (m),
= Depth of foundation,
= water table correction factors.
The pressures and are in kN/ . The smaller of the two values is the allowable
soil pressure ( ).
10. Table for bearing capacity of square and strip (continuous) footing and raft foundation.
Bore Depth Field Correct Allowable bearing capacity in
Hole in S.P.T S.P.T T.S.F. with F.S=3.00 (Considering B=2.00 m)
No. feet values Values Square or Strip Raft
Circular (continuous) foundation
footing footing

5
7
BH-1 10
15
20
5
7
BH-2 10
15
20
5
7
BH-3 10
15
20
5
7
BH-4 10
15
20
5
7
BH-5 10
15
20
5
7
BH-6 10
15
20
5
7
BH-7 10
15
20
5
7
BH-8 10
15
20
5
7
BH-9 10
15
20
5
7
BH-10 10
15
20
10. Table for bearing capacity of square and strip (continuous) footing and raft foundation.
Bore Depth Field Correct Allowable bearing capacity in
Hole in S.P.T S.P.T T.S.F. with F.S=3.00 (Considering B=2.00 m)
No. feet values Values Square or Strip Raft
Circular (continuous) foundation
footing footing

5
7
BH-11 10
15
20
5
7
BH-12 10
15
20
5
7
BH-13 10
15
20
5
7
BH-14 10
15
20

11 . Bearing Capacity For Deep Foundation:

Whenever necessary Deep Foundation, preferable pile maybe used. To evaluate skin fraction
and end bearing capacity following formula maybe used:

According to Mayerhof for sandy soil

fsu = qc / 200 = 4xN’/200 tsf.

qpu = qc = 4xN tsf.
However, when soil is not purely sand rather presence of some silt materials are found, above
relations maybe modified as per observation of Schmertmann (1970)

qpu = qc = 3xN tsf.

fsu = qc = 3xN’/200 tsf.
According to Modified formula of M.J. Tomlinson (1971) for cohesive soil

qpu = qc = 3xN/6 tsf.

fsu = qc = 3xN’/100 tsf.

Depending on the existing soil type, the values of both the skin friction as well as the end
bearing capacities of piles have been derived and provided in this report.
12. Table for the allowable bearing capacity for R.C.C cast in situ Pile.
Allowable Allowable Allowable
Ultimate Ultimate
Depth Field Corrected bearing bearing bearing
BH Skin End
in Feet SPT SPT capacity for capacity for capacity for
No. Friction bearing
Values Values 18’’ dia. 20’’ dia. 24’’ dia.
in TSF in TSF
(Ton) (Ton) (Ton)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
BH-1
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150

Note: The skin friction which is shown at the respective depth would be considered it for just
of above 5’-0” length.
12. Table for the allowable bearing capacity for R.C.C cast in situ Pile.
Allowable Allowable Allowable
Ultimate Ultimate
Depth Field Corrected bearing bearing bearing
BH Skin End
in Feet SPT SPT capacity for capacity for capacity for
No. Friction bearing
Values Values 18’’ dia. 20’’ dia. 24’’ dia.
in TSF in TSF
(Ton) (Ton) (Ton)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
BH-2
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160

Note: The skin friction which is shown at the respective depth would be considered it for just
of above 5’-0” length.
12. Table for the allowable bearing capacity for R.C.C cast in situ Pile.
Allowable Allowable Allowable
Ultimate Ultimate
Depth Field Corrected bearing bearing bearing
BH Skin End
in Feet SPT SPT capacity for capacity for capacity for
No. Friction bearing
Values Values 18’’ dia. 20’’ dia. 24’’ dia.
in TSF in TSF
(Ton) (Ton) (Ton)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
BH-3
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
BH-4
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130

Note: The skin friction which is shown at the respective depth would be considered it for just
of above 5’-0” length.
12. Table for the allowable bearing capacity for R.C.C cast in situ Pile.
Allowable Allowable Allowable
Ultimate Ultimate
Depth Field Corrected bearing bearing bearing
BH Skin End
in Feet SPT SPT capacity for capacity for capacity for
No. Friction bearing
Values Values 18’’ dia. 20’’ dia. 24’’ dia.
in TSF in TSF
(Ton) (Ton) (Ton)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
BH-5
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
BH-6
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100

Note: The skin friction which is shown at the respective depth would be considered it for just
of above 5’-0” length.
12. Table for the allowable bearing capacity for R.C.C cast in situ Pile.
Allowable Allowable Allowable
Ultimate Ultimate
Depth Field Corrected bearing bearing bearing
BH Skin End
in Feet SPT SPT capacity for capacity for capacity for
No. Friction bearing
Values Values 18’’ dia. 20’’ dia. 24’’ dia.
in TSF in TSF
(Ton) (Ton) (Ton)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
BH-7
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
BH-8
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100

Note: The skin friction which is shown at the respective depth would be considered it for just
of above 5’-0” length.
12. Table for the allowable bearing capacity for R.C.C cast in situ Pile.
Allowable Allowable Allowable
Ultimate Ultimate
Depth Field Corrected bearing bearing bearing
BH Skin End
in Feet SPT SPT capacity for capacity for capacity for
No. Friction bearing
Values Values 18’’ dia. 20’’ dia. 24’’ dia.
in TSF in TSF
(Ton) (Ton) (Ton)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
BH-9
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
BH-10
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100

Note: The skin friction which is shown at the respective depth would be considered it for just
of above 5’-0” length.
12. Table for the allowable bearing capacity for R.C.C cast in situ Pile.
Allowable Allowable Allowable
Ultimate Ultimate
Depth Field Corrected bearing bearing bearing
BH Skin End
in Feet SPT SPT capacity for capacity for capacity for
No. Friction bearing
Values Values 18’’ dia. 20’’ dia. 24’’ dia.
in TSF in TSF
(Ton) (Ton) (Ton)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
BH-11
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
BH-12
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100

Note: The skin friction which is shown at the respective depth would be considered it for just
of above 5’-0” length.
12. Table for the allowable bearing capacity for R.C.C cast in situ Pile.
Allowable Allowable Allowable
Ultimate Ultimate
Depth Field Corrected bearing bearing bearing
BH Skin End
in Feet SPT SPT capacity for capacity for capacity for
No. Friction bearing
Values Values 18’’ dia. 20’’ dia. 24’’ dia.
in TSF in TSF
(Ton) (Ton) (Ton)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
BH-13
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
BH-14
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100

Note: The skin friction which is shown at the respective depth would be considered it for just
of above 5’-0” length.
13. Settlement of Foundation:
The settlement may be calculated by following equation: -
S = si + sc
Si = qB(1-2)1f
Ec
Cc H log 10 ( p+po )
Sc =
1+e o Po

Notation: - Si = Immediate settlement

Sc = Consolidation settlement
B = Width of foundation
q = Intensity of contact pressure
Ec = Compression modulus of soil
If = Influence factor
 = Poisson’s ratio
Cc = Compression index
Po = Overburden pressure
eo = Initial void ratio at Po
 = The co-efficient depending on the soilmetry of the footing and
history of the clay.
p = Increment of pressure at the medium depth on the clay deposit
H = The thickness of the compressible layer or thickness of sand layer
below the base of foundation which may be taken as equal to the
width of foundation.

The total settlement is the sum of these two, which may be written as:
Total settlement = immediate settlement +consolidation settlement.
S = Si + Sc

*Typical range of values for 

Types of clay 
1. Very sensitive clays (soft alluvial and marine
clays). 1.0 to 1.2
2. Normally consolidated clays. 0.7 to 1.0
3. Over-consolidated clays. 0.5 to 0.70
4. Heavily. Over-consolidated clays. 0.2 to 0.60
 Maximum settlements and differential settlements of buildings in cm.

SI. Criterion Isolated foundation Rafts foundation

No.
1. Angular Distortion 1/300 1/300
2. Greatest differential
Settlements
Clays 4.6 4.6
Sands 3.26 3.26
Maximum settlement
Clays 7.6 10
Sands 6.0 6.26

Permissible settlements (1966 user building code)

SI. No Type of Building Average settlement

(cm.)
1. Building with plain wall on
continuous and separate foundation
with wall length L to wall height

L/H> 2.6 7.6

L/H<1.6 10.0
2. Framed Building 10
3. Solid reinforced foundation at blast 30
furnaces soil, water towers etc
14. Discussions and Comment:
1. The proposed 12 (Twelve) storied Comm. cum Resid. Building is going to be
constructed at Dag no# S.A-331 & 455, R.S-455,456,447 & 448, Khatian# S.A-
117, R.S-344, Mouza# Puranjpara, Birpur, Narsingdi, where 14 (Fourteen) nos.
of bore hole points are shown on the site plan attached in this report.
2. The stratification of underlying subsoil stratum with SPT values has been shown in
each bore logs.
3. The existing Ground level of each borehole with respect to the top of East side
Road level has been furnished with bore log.
4. The overall soil formation of the investigated area is more or less regular among the
boreholes location.
5. The allowable bearing capacity of soil for square footing, strip footing and raft
foundation at 5ft, 10ft. 15ft. and 20 ft. depth below the existing ground level of
each bore hole has been furnished in Table-10 of this report, considering a factor of
safety =3.00.
6. The allowable skin friction values (Frictional Resistance), Base resistance (End
Bearing) and the allowable carrying capacity of 18” dia, 20” dia. and 24” dia. RCC
cast-in-situ pile of different lengths from E.G.L. has been furnished in this report. The
allowable carrying capacity of RCC cast-in-situ pile of said dimension has been
calculated considering a factor safety =3.00.
The allowable bearing capacities in ton per pile at different length from E.G.L are
shown in the bellow table.
Length from 18” dia. cast in 20” dia. cast in 24” dia. cast in
E.G.L. situ pile situ pile situ pile
F.S. = 3.00 F.S. = 3.00 F.S. = 3.00
80’-0”
85’-0”
90’-0”
95’-0”
7. The carrying capacity of RCC cast-in-situ pile can only be confirmed with few load
tests on test piles before construction of the proposed structure. Load tests on piles
should be performed in the field by applying minimum two times of design load
(DL+LL) to confirm the actual load carrying capacity of pile.

It is noted here that the design Engineer will take appropriate decision about
the type, depth and extent of foundation considering the economy and safety of the
proposed structure based on geological condition of the site and physical properties
of the underlying subsoil stratum as furnished in this report.