Name of The Drug Drug Classes Action Indication Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing Responsibility
Name of The Drug Drug Classes Action Indication Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing Responsibility
Name of The Drug Drug Classes Action Indication Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing Responsibility
Drug classes
Action
Indication Treatment of metabolic acidosis, with measures to control the cause of the acidosis. Adjunctive treatment in severe diarrhea with accompanying loss of bicarbonate Treatment of certain drug intoxication, hemolytic reactions that require alkalinization of the urine; prevention of methotrexate nephrotoxicity by alkalinization of the urine. Minimization of uric acid crystalluria in gout, with uricosuric agents and sulfonamide crystalluria Oral: symptomatic relief of upset stomach from hyperacidity associated with peptic ulcer, gastritis, peptic esophagitis, gastric hyperacidity, hiatal hernia and prophylaxis of GI bleeding, stress ulcers, aspiration pneumonia
Contraindication
Adverse Effect
Nursing Responsibility
Increases plasma bicarbonate; buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration; raises blood pH; reverses clinical manifestations of acidosis; increases the excretion of free base in the urine, effectively raising the urinary pH; neutralizes or reduces gastric acidity; resulting in an increase in the gastric pH, which inhibits the proteolytic activity of pepsin.
Contraindicated to patients with allergies to component of preparation; low serum chloride; metabolic and respiratory alkalosis; hypocalcemia Use cautiously with impaired renal function, edematous or sodium retaining states, oliguria or anuria, potassium depletion, pregnancy, lactation.
GI: gastric rupture following ingestion Hematologic:: systemic alkalosis, hypokalemia secondary to intracellular shifting of potassium, hypernatremia Local: chemical cellulitis, tissue necrosis, ulceration and sloughing at the site of infiltration.
Have the patient chew oral tablets thoroughly before swallowing and follow them with a full glass of water. Do not give oral sodium bicarbonate within 1-2 hr of other oral drugs to reduce risk of drug interactions. Have periodic blood tests and medical evaluations. Report irritability, headache, tremors, confusion, swelling of extremities, difficulty breathing, black or tarry stool.
Drug classes
Action
Indication
Contraindication
Adverse Effect
Nursing Responsibility
Antidote Mucolytic
Mucolytic activity: splits links in the muco-proteins contained in the respiratory mucus secretions, decreasing the viscosity of the mucus. Antidote to acetaminophen hepatotoxicity: protects liver cells by maintining cell function and detoxifying acetaminophen metabolites.
Mucolytic adjuvant therapy for abnormal, viscidor inspissated mucus secretions in acute and chronic bronchopulmonary disease, in pulmonary complications of cystic fibrosis and in tracheostomy care; pulmonary complications associated with surgery, anesthesia, post traumatic chest conditions; diagnostic bronchial studies. To prevent or lessen hepatic injury that may occur after ingestion of a potentially hepatotoxic dose of acetaminophen. Unlabeled use: ophthalmic solution to treat keratoconjuctivitis sicca (dry eye); as an enema to treat bowel obstruction due to meconium ileus; prevention of radiocontrast-induced nephrotoxicity.
MUCOLYTIC USE Contraindicated to patients with hypersensitivity to acetylcysteine; use caution and discontinue immediately if bronchospasm occurs. ANTIDOTE USE No contraindications; use caution with esophageal varices, peptic ulcer.
MUCOLYTIC USE MUCOLYTIC USE Dilute the 20% acetylcysteine GI: nausea, stomatitis solution with either normal saline for injection; use the 10% solution Hypersensitivity: undiluted. Refrigerate unused, urticaria undiluted solutions, and use within Respiratory: 96hrs. Drug solution in the opened bronchospasm bottle may change color but this not Other: rhinorrhea alter safety or efficacy. Administer the following drugs ANTIDOTE USE separately because they are Dermatologic: rash incompatible with acetylcysteine GI: nausea, vomiting, solutions: Tetracycline, other GI symptoms Erythromycin lactobionate, Other: anaphylactoid Amphotericin B, iodized oil reactions chymotrypsin, trypsin and hydrogen peroxide. Use water to remove residual drug solution on the patients face after administration by face mask. Inform patient that nebulization may produce an initial disagreeable odor, but soon will disappear. Monitor nebulizer for buildup of drug from evaporation; dilute with sterile water for injection to prevent concentrate from impeding nebulization and drug delivery. Establish routine for pulmonary toilet; have suction equipment on standby.
ANTIDOTE USE Dilute the 20% acetylcysteine solution with cola drinks or other sofdrinks to a final concentration of 5%; if administer by a gastric tube, water may be used as diluent. Dilution minimizes the risk of vomiting. Prepare fresh solutions and use within 1hr, undiluted solutions in opened vials may be kept for 96hrs. Treat fluid and electrolyte imbalance, hypoglycemia Do not administer diuretic
Drug classes
Action
Indication
Contraindication
Adverse Effect
Nursing Responsibility
Inhibits the movement of calcium ions across the membranes of cardiac and arterial muscle cells; inhibits transmembrane calcium flow, which results in the depression of impulse formation in specialized cardiac pacemaker cells, slowing of the velocity of conduction of the cardiac impulse, depression of the myocardial contractility and dilation of the coronary arteries and arterioles and peripheral arterioles; these effects lead to decreased cardiac work, decreased cardiac oxygen consumption and in patients with vasospastic angina, increased delivery of oxygen to cardiac cells.
Angina pectoris due to coronary artery spasm Chronic stable angina, alone or with combination of drug To reduce the risk of hospitalization due to angina and to reduce the need for coronary revascularizationproce dures in patients with angiographically documented CAD without heart failure. Essential hypertension
Contraindicated to patients with allergies to the drug, impaired hepatic or renal function, sick sinus syndrome, heart block. Use cautiously with heart failure and pregnancy.
CNS: dizziness, lightheadedness, headache, asthenia, fatigue, lethargy CV:: peripheral edema, arryhtmias Dermatologic: flushing, rash GI: nausea, abdominal discomfort
Monitor BP very carefully. Monitor cardiac rhythm regularly during stabilization of dosage and periodically during long-term therapy. Take with meals if upset stomach occurs. You may experience these side effects: nausea, vomiting, headache. Report irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath, swelling of the hands and feet, pronounced dizziness, constipation.