MIATBEPJVKYBAJIBHE NOBL.JOMAEHHSL Hepxanne riamprewcreo Sapalcsxu waysono-socsiaml | napa ues poses eranstaprisaui, epridixaut'ra sxocti» MT «=p HTH) Haxas wij 28.10.2016 Ne 350 EN ISO 14122-3:2016 Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails npainaro ax nanionanse crannape \Merogiow «nisrepmrxettns>y sa mosaenmaN ACTY EN 180 14122-3:2016 (EN 150 14122-3:2016, IDT; ISO 14122-3:2016, IDT) Be saco6u soeryny so Maun. Hacraa 3. Cxoaw, apaGuiner wopy 3 nayasmane sanmoeri nin 2016-11-01EUROPEAN STANDARD EN ISO 14122-3 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM. June 2016 es 13.110 Supersedes EN [SO 14122-3:2001 English Version Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2016) Sécurité des machines - Moyens d'ace’s permanents Sicherheit von Maschinen -Ortsfeste Zugdnge 2 aux machines - Parte 3: Escalers échelles 3 marches maschinellen Anlagen - Tell 3 Treppen, Treppenlei letgarde-corps (150 14122-8:2016) ‘und Gelander (150 14122-3:2016), This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 April 2016. ‘CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any lt bibliographical references ‘concerning such national standards may be obtained on applica Management Centre or to any CEN member ‘This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsiblity ofa CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre as the same status a5 theofficial versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austra, Belglum, Bulgari, Croatia, Cyprus, rech Republic, Benmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Prance, Germany, Greece, Hungary Iceland, ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithwanla, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Percugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Span, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and Valted Kingdom, Ja EUROPAISCHES KOMITEE FOR NORMUNG (CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, 8-100 Brussels © 2016CEN _Allsights of exploitation in any form and by any means re ‘worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref, No EN ISO 14122-3:2016 2EN ISO 14122-3:2016 (E) European foreword This document (EN ISO 14122-3:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199 “Safety of machinery" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery" the secretariat of which is held by DIN. ‘This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights, ‘This document supersedes EN ISO 14122-3:2001, ‘This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s) For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document, According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom, Endorsement notice ‘The text of 180 14122-3:2016 has been approved by CEN as EI modification, 150 1412: 2016 without anyEN ISO 14122-3:2016 (E) Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending irective 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered ‘This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission's standardization request M/396 to provide one voluntary means of conforming to essential requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157]. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Directive, and associated EFTA regulations, Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 2006/42/EC [2006 L157] Essential Requirements of Clause(s) / subclause(s) Directive 2006/42/EC of this EN Remarks / Notes 1.5.15 “Risks of slipping, tripping All or falling” 1.6.2 “Access to operating All position and service points” WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard, IMPORTANT: Compliance with the requirements of EN ISO 14122-1 and a relevant access-specific part of EN ISO 14122 is necessary to achieve presumption of conformity.Contents Foreword, Introduction 1 2 3 4 Scope Normative references. Terms and definitions General requirements. 41 Construction and materials. 42 Design and construction for the structure and the steps. Specific requirements applicable to stairs, Specific requirements applicable to step ladders Specific requirements applicable to guard-rails. 7.1 Guard-rails for platforms, walkways and stair landings 7.2 Guard-rails and handrails for stairs and handrails for step ladders. 7.3. Additional fall-protection when steps, stairs or ladders are near guard-rails of working platforms 7A Gates. Verification of safety requirements 81 — General 8.2 Testing of guard-rails. 8.2.2 Testing procedure 83 Testing of steps of a stair. 84 Testing of stepladders Annex A (informative) Significant technical changes between this part of ISO 14122 and the previous edition Bibliography. (© 150 2016 ~All rights reservedISO 14122-3:2016(E) Foreword 180 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization, ‘The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso org/directives) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights, 1SO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see wwwiso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword — Supplementary information. document is IS0/TC 199, Safety of machinery. ‘The committee responsible for tl ‘This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14122-3:2001) which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the Amendment ISO 14122-3:2001/Amd 1:2010. ISO 14122 consists of the following parts, under the general title Safety of machinery — Permanent ‘means of access to machinery: — Part 1: Choice offixed means and general requirements of access — Part 2: Working platforms and walkways — Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guardrails — Pare 4: Fived ladders An additional part, dealing with mobile machinery, is under preparation. wv © 150 2016- Allrights reservedIntroduction ‘This International Standard is a type-B standard as stated in ISO 12100. Itis relevant, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market players with regard to machinery safety: — machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises); — health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc). Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of this International Standard by the above-mentioned stakeholder groups: — machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises); — machine users/employees (e trade unions, organizations for peoples with special needs); — service providers, eg. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises); — consumers (incase of machinery intended for use by consumers) ‘The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting process of this International Standard, In addition, this International Standard is intended for standardization bodies elaborating type-C standards, The requirements of this International Standard can be supplemented or modified by a type-C standard, For machines which are covered by the scope of a type-C standard and which have been designed and built according to the requirements of that standard, the requirements of that type-C standard take precedence. The purpose of this International Standard is to define the general requirements for safe access to machines. ISO 14122-1 gives guidance about the correct choice of access means when the necessary access to the machine is not possible directly from the ground level or fram a floor or platform, ‘The dimensions specified are consistent with established ergonomic data given in ISO 15534-3. (© 150 2016 ~All rights reserved vINTERNATIONAL STANDARD Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails 1 Scope This part of ISO 14122 gives requirements for non-powered stairs, stepladders and guard-rails which are a part of a stationary machine, and to the non-powered adjustable parts (eg. foldable, slidable) and ‘movable parts of those fixed means of access. NOTE1 “Fixed” means of access are those mounted in such a manner (for example, by serews, nuts, welding) that they can only be removed by the use of tools. ‘This part of ISO 14122 specifies minimum requirements that also apply when the same means of access is required as the part of the building or civil construction (e.g. stairs, stepladders, guar¢-rails) where the machine is installed, on condition that the main function of that part of the construction is to provide a means of access to the machine, NOTE 2 — Where no local regulation or standards exists, this part of ISO 14122 may be used also for means of access which are outside the scope of the standard, It is intended that this part of ISO 14122 be used with ISO 1412-1 to give the requirements for steps, stepladders and guard-rails, ‘The ISO 14122 series as a whole is applicable to both stationary and mobile machinery where fixed means of access are necessary. It is not applicable to powered means of access such as lifts, escalators, or other devices specially designed to lift persons between two levels. This part of ISO 14122 is not applicable to machinery manufactured before the date of its publication, 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 12100, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction ISO 14122-1:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of {fixed means and general requirements of access 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100, ISO 14122 and the following apply. (© 150 2016 All rights reserved 1ISO 14122-3:2016(E) 3A st step ladders succession of horizontal levels — steps (3.1.11) and landings (3.1.5) — allowing passage on foot from one level to another Note 1 to entry: Stalrs/step ladders are composed of the elements shown in Figure Land defined in 3.1.1 t0 3.1.16. Note 2 to entry: For details on the angle of pitch (3.1.9) for stairs/step ladders, see ISO 14122-1:2016, 3.2 and 3.3. Key 1H climbing height @ angle of pitch g going w width fe head-height p piteh tine h rise © depth of step F averlap © dlearance Figure 1 — Parts of stairs Bad climbing height vertical distance between the reference level and the landing (3.1.5) Note 1 to entry: See Hf in Figure 1. 34.2 flight uninterrupted sequence of steps (3.1.11) between two landings (3.1.5) 2 (© 180 2016 ~All rights reserved343 going horizontal distance between the step nosing (3.1.12) of two consecutive steps Note 1 to entry: Seeg in Figure 1 344 head-height minimum vertical distance, clear of all obstacles (such as beams, ducts, etc) above the pitch line (3.1.8) Note 1 to entry: See e in Figure 1, 345 Janding horizontal resting area situated at the end ofa flight (3.1.2) 3.1.6 walking line theoretical line indicating the average path of the users 3.47 overlap difference between the depth of the step and the going (3.1.3) Note 1 to entry: See rin Figure L 318 pitch line notional line connecting the leading edge of the nosing (3.1.12) of successive steps (3.1.11) taken on the walking line (3.1.6) and which extends down to the landing at the bottom of the flight (3.1.2) from the nosing on the landing at the top of the flight Note 1 to entry: See p in Figure 1 3.19 angle of pitch angle between the pitch line (3.1.8) and its projection on the horizontal level Note 1 to entry: See a in Figure 1 3.1.10 rise height between two consecutive steps (3.1.11) measured from the tread surface of one to the tread surface of the next Note 1 to entry: See h in Figure 3 3441 step horizontal surface on which one places the foot to go up or down the stair/step ladder (3.1) 3.4.12 nosing top edge at the front of the step (3.1.11) or landing (3.1.5) 34.43 string flanking framework element supporting the steps (3.1.11) (© 150 2016 ~All rights reserved 3ISO 14122-3:2016(E) 3414 width clear distance over the outside faces of the step (3.1.11) Note 1 to entry: See win Figure 1. 3.4.15 depth of step clear distance from the leading edge or the nosing (3.1.12) to the rear of the step (3.1.11) Note 1 to entry: See in Figure 1. 3.4.16 clearance absolute minimum clear distance between any obstacle and the pitch line (3.1.8), measured at an angle (of 90° from the pitch line Note 1 to entry: See cin Figure 1. 3.2 guard-rail device for protection against accidental fall sideways with which stairs/step ladders (3.1) or landings (3.1.5), platforms and walkways may be equipped. Note 1 to entry: Typical parts ofa guard-rail are shown in Figure 2 and defined in 3.2.1 to 3.2.5. 1 1 ot ol 5 5 a) Guard-rail with knee rail ‘b) Guard-rail with vertical uprights Key 1 handel 4 stanchion 2 nceral 5 walking level 3 tweplae 6 vertical uprights Figure 2 — Examples ofthe parts of atypleal structure of a guard-rall s2a handrail rigid top element designed to be grasped by the hand for body support which can be used individually oras the upper part of a guard-rail (3.2) Note 1 to entry: See 1 in Figure 2. 4 (© 180 2016 ~All rights reservedISO 14122-3:2016(E) 2 se rail rigid element of the guard-rail (3.2) placed parallel with the handrail (3.2.1), giving extra protection against the passage of a body Note 1 to entry: See 2in Figure 2. 3.2.3 stanchion vertical structural element of the guard-rail (3.2) to anchor the guard-rail to the platform or stair (3.1) Note 1 to entry: See 4in Figure 2. 3.24 toe-plate rigid lower part of a guard-rail (3.2) to prevent the falling of objects from floor level Note 1 to entry: See 3in Figure 2, Note 2 to entry: A toe-plate also reduces the free space between the floor and knee rail (3,2.2) to prevent the passage ofa body. 3.2.5 self-closing gate pivoting part of the guard-rail (3.2) which enables access through the guard-rail Note 1 to entry: See Figure 10, Note 2 to entry: The rest position is closed, 3.2.6 mezzanine gate gate designed for loading and unloading goods to and from mezzanine floor providing a permanent collective fall protection Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3. a) Pivot gate b) Vertical gate Figure 3 — Examples of principle function of mezzanine gates © 150 2016 Allrights reserved 5ISO 14122-3:2016(E) 3.27 transfer zone area defined by the loading zone and the space needed for the movement of the mezzanine gate (3.2.6) 4 General requirements 4.1 Construction and materials Stairs, step ladders and guard-rails — including fittings, hinges, anchorage points, supports and mountings — shall be designed and constructed and the materials selected so that they withstand the foreseeable conditions of use (see ISO 14122-1:2016, Clause 5). In particular, at least the following details shall be taken into account: a) dimensions of stairs, stepladders and guard-rails shall be in accordance with available anthropomorphic data (see also ISO 1534-1 and ISO 15534-3); b)_guard-rails shall be designed and constructed to prevent objects falling; b) for hazards generated by falling objects through openings on steps, see ISO 14122-2:2016, 4.2.4.5.1 Opening or closing of moving parts (gates), of adjustable parts (e.g. foldable, slidable) and of movable parts shall not cause further hazards (for example by shearing or by falling) to users and other persons in the vicinity. 4.2. Design and construction for the structure and the steps 4.2.1 The structure and the steps shall be designed to satisfactorily resist the foreseeable imposed loads. ‘The unfactored loads applicable used for the structure of the stair or stepladder in the industrial field can vary. For each application the expected unfactored loads shall be defined. As a minimum the following assumptions for unfactored loads shall be applied in calculations to be considered, but higher values can be necessary. Higher values shall be applied when higher loading is foreseeable: — for low density pedestrian traffic without load, 1,5 kN/m?; — for low density pedestrian traffic with load or for high density pedestrian traffic, S KN/m2; 4.2.2 Steps shall resist the following minimum unfactored loadings: — ifthe clear width w <1 200 mm then 1,5 kN shall be distributed over an area of 100 mm x 100 mm, where one boundary is the leading edge of the nosing applied at the middle of the stair width; — if the clear width w 2 1 200 mm then respectively two loads of each 1,5 kN shall be distributed simultaneously over each of the 100 mm x 100 mm, areas applied at the most unfavourable points spaced at intervals of 600 mm where one boundary is the leading edge of the nosing, ‘The deflection between the structure supporting the steps and the steps under an unfactored load shall. not exceed 1/300th of the span of the step or 6 mm, whichever is the lower. 5 Specific requirements applicable to stairs 5.1 Going, g, and rise, h, shall meet Formula (1): 600 <9 + 2h < 660 (dimensions in millimetres) @ 5.2 ‘The going (distance ¢ minus r, see Figure 4) shall be between 210 mm and 310 mm, 6 © 150 2016-Allrights reserved5.3 The overlap, r, of the step shall be 210 mm and shall apply equally to landings and floors. 5.4 Onthe same flight, h shall be constant. Where it is not possible, the rise of the first step in the flight, hy, may be reduced by maximum of 15 %. 5.5 The uppermost step shall be level with the landing (see Figure 4). 9 = | a 7 fq “he Figure 4 — Positioning of the uppermost step 5.6 Head-height, ¢, shall be 2 300 mm minimum (see Figure 1). 5.7 Clearance, shall be 1.900 mm minimum (see Figure 1). 5.8 The clear width, w, ofa stair shall be a minimum of 800 mm. When the stairway is usually subject to the passage or crossing of several persons simultaneously, the clear width shall be increased to 1000 mm. The clear width of the stair, when designated as an escape way, shall meet the requirements of appropriate regulation. For single flights with heights less than 1 500 mm, the clear width, w, may be reduced from 600 mm. to 500 mm. Due to the design of the machine, the environment or occasional use, e.g. less than 30 days/year and less than two hours/day, the clear width, w, may be reduced from 800 mm to 600 mm. Ifthe available space at the floor level is restricted due to pipework, electric, or constructive reason of machinery, the stair width at floor level may be reduced to 500 mm minimum, and for a maximum height of 200 mm (Gee 1S0 14122-2:2016, Figure 1) Any obstruction such as pipes or cable trays fitted along stairs at either head-height or finished floor level shall reduce available width to not less than 500 mm (see ISO 14122-2:2016, Figure 1), 5.9 Inthe case of a single straight flight (see 3.1.2), the climbing height shall not exceed 4 000 mm. In case of multiple flights, the climbing height, H (see Figure 1), of the individual stairs shall not exceed 3.000 mm and a landing is necessary hefore continuing an to another flight. The length of the landing, shall be equal or greater than the width of the stair but at least 800 mm. 5.10 For requirements related to guard-rails for stairs, see 7.2. 6 Specific requirements applicable to step ladders 6.1 The minimum going, g, shall be 80 mm (see Figure 5). 6.2 The rises hy and hz shall be in accordance with Table 1 (see Figure 5). © 150 2016 Allrights reserved 7ISO 14122-3:2016(E) 6.3 The overlap, r, of the step or the landing shall be 20 mm (see Figure 5) 64 The clear width between stringers, as well as guard-rails, shall be within the range of S00 mm to 800 mm, but preferably 600 mm. 6.5 On the single flight, the rise shall be constant wherever possible. In the case where itis not possible to maintain the height of the rise between the level of departure and the first step, it may be reduced by a maximum of 15 %. 6.6 Head-height, ¢, shall be 2 300 mm minimum, 6.7 Clearance, c, shall be 850 mm minimum. 68 The climbing height, H, of single flight shall not exceed 3.000 mm. For multi-lights, additional safety measures should be considered. NOTE For the head-height (e), clearance (c) and climbing height (H), see Figure 1. by Key g going h rise Fr overlap angle of pitch Figure 5 — Rises ona step ladder Dimensions in millimetres ‘Table 1 — Requirements for rises 45° as 60" eo" sas75" hn ng hp in Min. OS xh 150 O5xhe 230 Max. ig +15 200 ig +40 300 8 (© 180 2016 ~All rights reserved7 Specific requirements applicable to guard-rails 7. Guard-rails for platforms, walkways and stair landings 7.1.4 When the height of the possible fall exceeds 500 mm,a guard-rail shall be installed 7.4.2. Aguard-rail shall be provided when the gap between a platform and the structure of a machine or wall is greater than 180 mm or if the protection of the structure is not equivalent to a guard-rail (see 180 14122-2:2016, 4.2.4.5), However, a baseboard or toe-plate shall be provided when the gap between the platform and neighbouring structure is greater than 20 mm (see ISO 14122-2:2016, 4.2.4.5), 7.1.3 The minimum height of the guard-rail shall be 1 100 mm. The height of the handrail shall be si 100 mm. The handrail shall be parallel to the walking line. 7.44 The guard-rail shall include at least one intermediate knee rail [see Figure 2 a)] or any other equivalent protection. The clear space between the handrail and the knee rail, as well as between the knee rail and the toe-plate, shall not exceed 500 mm. 7.4.5 When vertical uprights are used instead of a knee rail [see Figure 2 b)], the clear horizontal distance between those uprights shall be 180 mm maximum, 7.4.6 A toe-plate with a minimum upstand of 100 mm shall be placed 12 mm maximum from the walking level and the edge of the platform (see Figure 6), as well as stair landings (see Figure 7). If there isa gap between the toe-plates of adjacent guard rail segments, this gap shall be not more than 20 mm. 7.1.7 The distance between the axes of the stanchions is preferred to be limited to 1 500 mm. If this distance is exceeded, specific attention shall be paid to the stanchion anchoring strength and the fixing devices, (© 150 2016 ~All rights reserved 9ISO 14122-3:2016(E) Dimensions in millimetres trl] 4 i Z Za Kw a t 500 500 2100 2n00 mm ) Guard-rail with “D” stanchions Key Ry radius Figure 6 — Clear space between two guard-rail segments 7.4.8 In the case of an interrupted handrail (guard-rail segments), crushing and shearing based on ‘movement between two segments shall be avoided, If this cannot be excluded by design, the following distances to prevent hand traps and falling through shall be required: ) without rounding, the clear space between the two stanchions shall not be less than 50 mm and not greater than 120 mm [see Figure 6 a)]; b) with rounding, the clear space between the two stanchions shall not be less than 50 mm and not greater than 80 mm [see Figure 6 b)] . The radius Ra shall be 200 mm maximum, 7.4.9 Where access through the guard-rail is required, a gate shall be used (see 7.4) 7.4.40 Ends of the handrail shall be designed so that significant hazards caused by sharp edges of the product or by catching of the user's clothing are eliminated or reduced to a minimum, 10 (© 180 2016 ~All rights reserved7.1.11 Fixable or foldable guard-rails shall be fitted with elements preventing unintentional opening. 7.2 Guard-rails and handrails for stairs and handrails for step ladders 7.24 Guard-rails and handrails for stairs Dimensions in millimetres 1000 Figure 7 — Example ofa stair guard-rail and its continuation to the horizontal guard-rail 7.211 A guard-rail shall be fitted whenever the height to climb exceeds 500 mm, and when there is a lateral space adjacent to the string which is greater than 120 mm, in order to provide protection on the side ofthe stair where this gap exists. 7.2.1.2 The space between the handrail and the stringer shall be closed at least with one knee rail or any equivalent device. The clear space between the handrail and the knee rail, as well as between the knee rail and the stringer, shall not exceed 500 mm (see Figure 7). 7.2.1.3 A stair shall have two handrails. Handrails on stairs (see Figure 7) shall be continuous. When for technical reasons this is not practicable, eg, foldable, adjustable systems the following requirements shall apply: a) the gap between the handrails shall not be less than 50 mm and not greater than 120 mm; b)_ the ends of the handrail shall be designed so, that significant hazards caused by sharp edges of the product or by catching of the user’s clothing are eliminated or reduced to a minimum; adjacent handrails shall align. If the stairs are adjacent to a wall, or some other solid structure, and less than 1 200 mm wide, then one handrail, on the otherwise unprotected side, is permitted, provided that any gap between the stair and the wall or structure complies with 7.2.1.1. The handrail shall be parallel to the walking and pitch line. The handrail shall start at least vertically above the beginning of the stair. The design of the handrail shall avoid the entrapment of the clothes, Stairs shall be designed to minimize the risk of the foot slipping laterally of the step. NOTE This can be done, for example, by stringers. In this case, additional means such as toe-plates are not required. 7.2.1.4 The vertical height of the handrail ona stair shall be between 900 mm and 1 000 mm above the nosing on the step of the flight and be a minimum of 1 100 mm above the walking level on the landing, © 150 2016 Allrights reserved ctISO 14122-3:2016(E) ‘The shape of the handrail should have a diameter between 25 mm to 50 mm or an equivalent shape, to provide a good grip for the hand. 7.24.5 The length of the handrail shall be clear of obstacles within a distance of 75 mm, with the exception of the supports (see Figure 8). For distances shorter than 500 mm, the distance may be reduced to 50 mm. Dimensions in millimetres “4 Figure 8 — Minimum gap between the handrail and any obstacle 7.2.2. Handrails for step ladders 7.2.2.1 Step ladders shall have two handrails. The clear width (dimension x) between the pitch line of the step ladder to the handrail should be as shown in Figure 9 and Table 2. ‘The handrail shall commence from a maximum distance of 1 000 mm measured vertically from the bottom of the ladder (see Figure 9). Dimensions in millimetres ° 1000 igure 9 — Positioning of a handrail on a step ladder 12 (© 180 2016 ~All rights reserved‘Table 2 — Example of clear width between the pitch line on a step ladder and the handrail @ x degrees mm. 5 625, 50 500 55 375. 60 250 65 200 70 150 75 100 7.3 Additional fall-protection when steps, stairs or ladders are near guard-rails of working platforms When additional steps, stairs or ladders are installed near guard-rails of working platforms, the height of 1 100 mm will not always be sufficient as fall protection. n this case, additional protective measures (eg extension of guard-rail height) are required (see ISO 14122-4:2016, Figures 16 and 17). 74 Gates TAA Self-closing gate A self-closing gate shall be used for passage of persons and shall meet the requirements of the adjacent guard-rails. Divergent to 21.6, a toe-plate is not required. Shear and crushing points shall be avoided. The dimensions shall be in accordance with Figure 6. Gates shall be 2) self-closing, NOTE Self-closing canbe achieved, for example, by spring or gravity fore. b) held in closed position but not locked, 6) designed to open easily onto the platform or floor, and ) close againsta firm stop to prevent users pushing against them and falling through the opening. 2500 Figure 10 — Example of self-closing gate (open onto the platform) © 150 2016 Allrights reserved 13ISO 14122-3:2016(E) 7.4.2. Mezzanine gate ‘The mezzanine gate shall comply with the requirements of 7.1, except 2.1.7 and 7.4.2. In addition to the general requirement (see Clause 4), the mezzanine gate shall be designed in a manner that — itallows the operator to place and remove the load (e.g, a pallet) without being exposed to the risk offalling, — itallows the operator to be situated outside of any danger zone during the manual control of the gate, — itshall not restrict the movement of the persons in the transfer zone when the gate is open and the gate on the ramp/edge is closed, — at the transfer zone, the space between the platform and the lower edge of the gate shall have a height of less than 500 mm in the respective closed position, — the manual operating force shall not exceed recommended force limits for machinery operation (see EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008 and EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008), — the operator shall have a clear view on the transfer zone during the manual closing operation of the gate so that the risk of entrapment is minimized (See ISO 12100:2010, 6.2.2), — itis self-closing in a stable position when released using e.g. effects of gravity, — crushing and shearing shall be avoided during movement, in particular during manual operation at the control position, and this can be achieved when the openings are 100 mm or more (see 10 13854), — the vertical openings shall be less than 180 mm wide between vertical moving parts of the gate, — the maintenance points are accessible without the risk of falling, — a toc-plate shall be only provided on that side of the mezzanine gate where there is the risk of falling. Depending on the design, the opposite moving gate shall have a gap of 120 mm between its lower surface and floor level to avoid crushing of feet. 8 Verification of safety requirements 8.1 General ‘The safety requirements may be verified by testing or calculation. a) When testing is chosen, the test procedures described in this clause shall be used. b) When calculation is chosen, the requirements and assumptions of this clause shall to be taken into account so that strength verification of both methods is comparable. 8.2 Testing of guard-rails 8.2.1 General ‘The testing is carried out at a guard-rail element with three stanchions, hand- and knee rail, which is, mounted on the walkway. All loads (F) are concentrated loads based on a minimum service load of 300 N/m in accordance with 82.1.1 or 82.1.2. The load shall be applied horizontally without introducing dynamic loading, first at the level of the centre of the handrail at the middle stanchion (Position 1, Figure 11). In the second 14 © 150 2016- Allrights reservedtest, the load shall be applied at the centre of the handrail at the least favourable point between two stanchions (Position 2, Figure 12), ‘The deflections, fi and fe, are measured at the centre line of the handrail by a deflection gauge. In the first test, deflection f; is measured horizontally at position "L” (see Figure 11); in the second test, deflection fz is measured at position “1” (see Figure 12). 8.2.2 Loads 8.2.1.1 Load for verification of usability ‘The load for verification of usability is represented by Formula (2): Fy = 300 N/m @ 8.2.1.2 Load for verification of strength ‘The load for verification of strength is represented by Eormula (3) Fs=y* Py @) where the material factor y = 1,75 for steel and aluminium is derived using Formula (4) F5= 525 N/mxL. @ NOTE When using other materials, eg. GRP (glass-reinforced plastic), higher values and impact testing. might be required. 8.2.1.3. Preload ‘The preload is represented by Formula (5): Fo=75.N/mxL. 6) (© 150 2016 ~All rights reserved 15ISO 14122-3:2016(E) 8.2.2 Testing procedure 8.2.2.1 Testing at Position 1 To avoid setting effects, the preload, Fp, is applied to the handrail in Position 1, as shown in Figure 11, for 1 min, After removing the load, the dial has to be reset to zero. ‘The load, Fy, shall be applied in Position 1 the same way. The deflection during the application of the load shall not exceed 30 mm. ‘After measuring the deflection, the load shall be increased to Fs. Apply F for one minute, After removing the load, the permanent deflection shall not exceed 0,3 % of the helght, H. Dimensions in millimetres A-A Af: = Plan view Section A-A Key fi Deflection L__ maximum distance between two stanchions F Force 1H height ofthe handrail Figure 11 —Stanchion measurement 8.2.2.2 Testing at Position 2 To avoid setting effects, the preload, Fp, shall be applied to the guard-rail in Position 2, as shown in Figure 12, for one minute. After removing the load, the dial has to be reset to zero. ‘The load, Fy, shall be applied in Position 1 the same way. The deflection during the loading shall not exceed 30 mm. ‘After measuring the detlection, the load shall be increased to Fs, Hold Fs for one minute. Atter removing the load, the permanent deflection shall not exceed 0,3 % of the distance, L. 16 (© 180 2016 ~All rights reservedDimensions in millimetres AA F ot On fh A co be {$——5 1 i ’ A — F Plan view Section A-A Key fi defection 1 distance from stanchion o least favourable point® F force A height of he handrail In general at 1/2. For L, see Figure 11. Figure 12 — Handrail measurement 8.3 Testing of steps of a s 8.3.1 General ‘To verify the requirements given in 4.2, a test shall be carried out to measure the deflection on individual steps of a stair. ‘The test (see Figure 13) shall be carried out on part of the stair comprising at least two steps. Fix the sample to the ground and supporting wall (e.g. with a block, see Figure 12) so that there is no movement of the sample structure during testing. Depending on the width (clear width, w, between the stringers and the supporting structure), the testis, carried out with one test load (see Figure 14) or two test loads (see Figure 15). The loads shall be applied to a rigid block (underlayment) with maximum dimensions of 100 mm « 100 mm and having no sharp edges. ‘The test load is represented by Formula (6): Fs=y* Fa 6) where the minimum design load, Fi, is 1,5 kN and the material factor y = 1,75 for steel and aluminium. ‘To avoid measurement errors caused by setting effects, the tested part of a stair should be loaded first bya preload, Fp = 0,25 x Fs, © 150 2016 Allrights reserved a7ISO 14122-3:2016(E) stringer step rigid block for distribution the load (underlayment) block for fixing preload, test-load angle ofthe stair cueewre Figure 13 — Test sample — Principle Key 1 stringer 2 step 3 rigid block for distribution the load (underlayment) 4 block for fixing F preload, test-load w clear width Figure 14 — Test sample for w< 1200 mm 18 (© 180 2016 ~All rights reserved016(E) Dimensions in millimetres WH 2—th a y 600 stringer step rigid block for distribution the load (underlayment) block for fixing preload, test-load clear width cueewre’ Figure 15 — Test sample for w= 1200 mm 8.3.2 Testing procedure Place the rigid 100 mm x 100 mm block(s) 600 mm apart at the most unfavourable point/points on the step in accordance with Figure 13, Figure 14 and Figure 15). Slowly apply the preload{s), Fp, on the rigid block(s) and hold the loads for at least one minute. After removing the load, the dial of the measuring device shall be reset to zero. ‘Then test load(), Fs, shall be applied slowly and hold at position for at least one minute. After removing the load, the permanent deflection shall not exceed 0,3 % of the span or 6 mm. 8.4 Testing of stepladders For testing, EN 131-2 can be used as a source of knowledge. © 150 2016 Allrights reserved 19ISO 14122-3:2016(E) Annex A informative) Significant technical changes between this part of ISO 14122 and the previous edition See Table A ‘Table A.1 — Technical changes 150 141223 150 14122-3:2001, 150 14122-3:2001/Amd1:2010 Modified This partis limited only to “stationary machinery’ is applicable on *non-powered adjustable parts” 1 Scope Updated [2_ Normative references Figure 1 modified 3a Definition modified and Figure 2b) “Guard rail with vertical uprights" added [3.2 [3:14 changed to “head-height Added terms 13.2.6 "mezzanine gate 3.2.2 “transfer zone" 13 ‘Terms and definitions Updated 4.1 4 [Moved to ISO 14122-1, Clause 6 a2 [Moved to ISO 141221, Clause 6 43 [Maved to ISO 14122-1, Clause 6 aa laa a5 [Moved to ISO 14122-1, Clause 6 46 [az a7 [4.2.1 modified az jaz 472. New: ls.z [sa 52 [5:4, modified; “mobile machines” deleted in the third sentence 5.3 Iss 54 [s.6 55 [sz 5.6 |5.8, modified requirements 57 Isa. 5a [s.10. 59 Jase 6 Figure 5, “Rises on a step ladder” and _ Table 1, “Requirement for rises” added [GL changed "step depth” to “golmg”™ ea [6.2, modified reference on new figure and table 62 20 © 150 2016-Allrights reserved‘Table A.1 (continued) ISO 14122-3:2016(E) 180 141223 150 14122-3:2001 Is0 14122-3:2001/Amd1:2010 [&.3, changed value for overlap from "210" t0"=0" 68 "gap between the toe-plates of adjacent guard rail segments max. 20 mm |i, clear width changed from "450 mm’ to "500 mm" oa [&.5, deleted "mobile machines" in the third sentence 65 [Za “Guard rails for platforms, walkways and stair landings am lzaa ae \Z4.2, modified gap from "200 mm" to"180 mm" and"30 mm" to"20mmn" [7.3 [24.3, modified "requirements on handrails a4 laa 7.5 [24.5 7.6 171.6, modified "distance from 10 mm to 12 mm extended” and vat [23.2 Eigure 63), Guard-rail with rounding added 7a, Figure 4, 7.8 [ZLB modified “requirements on guardrails with rounding) 79 [Zi9, requirements on “selFclosing gate” moved to 24 "Gates™ 70 izi20 raat New subelause Jana ~ [22 “Guard and handrails for stairs and stepladders [22.1 “Guard and handrails for stairs 2 [22.2 "Manaraits fr stepladders [22 figure modified 2a [22.1 “maximum gap from 200 mim to 120mm reduced and further detailed [> > requirements on technical reason la2a2 2.8 [22.13, modified 72.1 2.1.4, modified 72.3 EAs rnd ras eee rom 100 TS ad T26 [222 Table? extended ra New subclause 73 Fall protection by using additional steps, stairs or ladders on working. |— platforms New subclause Le Gates ra.20 Includes “Z4.1, Sel-closing gate” and "2.2, Mezzanine gate” Clause 8 completely modified 373 Deleted 9,10 from the previous version INOTE This ist inchides the significant technical changes buts not an exhaustive list ofall modifications © 150.2016 Allrights reserved 24ISO 14122-3:2016(E) (1 2] {6] 7 [8] [9] [10] (1 [12] [13] 4] Ls] 22 Bibliography EN 131-2, Ladders — Part 2: Requirements, testing, marking EN 353-1, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height — Part 1: Guided type fall arresters including a rigid anchor line EN 364, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height; test methods EN 795, Personal fall protection equipment — Anchor devices EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery 180 2867, Earth-moving machinery — Access systems 180 4254-1, Agricultural machinery — Safety — Part 1; General requirements 180 13854, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts ofthe human body ISO 13857, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs ISO 1412-2, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working platforms and walkways 180 14122-4, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 4: Fixed ladders ISO 15534-1, Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery — Part 1: Principles for determining the dimensions required for openings for whole-body access into machinery ISO 15534-2, Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery — Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings ISO 15534-3, Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery — Part 3: Anthropometric data © 150.2016 Allrights reserved