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COMPLETE PUNJAB HISTORY

VICTOR'S ਪੰ ਜਾਬ
KNOWLEDGE
Cheenu Sharma ਇਤਿਹਾਸ
PART 2
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HISTORY NOTES- MY OWN HANDWRITTEN

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ONLY

TOPICS COVERED: COMPLETE

ANCIENT,MEDIEVAL,MODERN HISTORY+
SUFI AND BHAKTI MOVEMENT.
TOPICS
COVERED:
COMPLETE
ANCIENT,ME
DIEVAL,MO
DERN
HISTORY+
RS.200
SUFI AND ONLY
BHAKTI
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HISTORY NOTES- MY OWN HANDWRITTEN

 GEOGRAPHY OF PUNJAB HANDWRITTEN COMPUTER AWARENESS BASIC
NOTES : Geography of TOPICS
India ( Water
resources,
Migration, Population
density, Transport and
communication,
Mineral and energy
resources,
International Trade,
Human
development and
settlements, Land
Resources,
Manufacturing
industries, Planning
and sustainable
development and
Geographical
perspective on various
issues).

HANDWRITTEN NOTES : Geography of Punjab ( Landforms, Drainage,

Climate, Soils, Forests, PROTECTED AREAS- wildlife
sanctuaries, Wetlands with latest insertions etc.)
PDFS- FROM RELIABLE SOURCES- INDIAN GEOGRAPHY and ART AND
CULTURE of INDIA
 HANDWRITTEN NOTES : INDIAN ECONOMY (
Introduction, Washington Consensus, Basic
concepts, Growth and Happiness, Inflation,
Agriculture and food management, Banking in
India) and MY OWN PRINTED PDFS

Rs.
400

FREE INDIAN GEOGRAPHY PDFS COMPILED FROM

DIFFERENT SOURCES- COMPLETE SYLLABUS COVERED
 ◦Topics to be covered in PART II

◦Sikhism and All-important battles of 10th Guru

◦Creation of Khalsa
◦Takhts
◦Dal Khalsa
◦Modern History – British Administration, LG
 Sikhism- Origin
◦ Originated in 1469 AD. With the birth of the founder Shri Guru Nanak
Dev Ji.
◦ Word Sikh – derived from Sanskrit word SISYA which means a learner or
disciple.
◦ PALI word SEKHA means one under the training in a religious doctrine.
◦ AS PER SIKH GURDWARAS ACT, 1925-
‘Sikh means a person who professes Sikh religion. The person shall be
deemed to be a Sikh if he/she affirms faith in thee 10 Gurus, the Guru
Granth Sahib and in no other religion’
 1.Guru Nanak Dev JI

Born at Rai Bhoi ki Talwandi in 1469 Nankana Sahib

Parents Mehta Kalian Das Bedi and Mata Tripta

Ji
Married to Bibi Sulakhni and had sons At the river Bein, he attained
Shri Chand and Lakhmi Das enlightenment
He founded a city Kartarpur( Lahore, He was succeeded by Guru Angad Dev
Pak) Ji ( Lehna)
Jyoti Jyot - 1539, Kartarpur INTRODUCED THE LANGAR PRATHA-
COMMON KITCHEN

NOTE : Compositions have already been covered under literature topic- Punjab Art and culture part 2
2.Guru Angad Dev JI

Born at Matte di Sarai , Muktsar Parents – Bhai Pheru and Mata

District in 1504 Daya Kaur
Married to Bibi Khivi and Had 2 Invented GURMUKHI SCRIPT
sons Dasu and Dattu , 1
daughter Amaro
Incorporated the practice of Mal Founded city of Khadur Sahib,
Akhara Tarn Taran District.
Succeeded by Guru Amar Das Ji Jyoti Jyot at Khadur Sahib in
1552
3.Guru Amar Das JI

Born at Basarke in 1479 ( Dis. Amritsar Parents- Tej Bhan ji and Mata Bakht
) Kaur
Married to Mansa Devi and Had 2 sons He started Manji system and
and 2 daughters composed Anand Sahib (Anand Karaj)
Founded the city of Goindwal Sahib, He constructed Baoli Sahib at
tarn taran district Goindwal Sahib
He was succeeded by Guru Ram das ji ( Jyoti Jyot in 1574 at Goindwal Sahib
bhai jetha ji)

Advocated - PANGAT MUST PRECEDE SANGAT

4.Guru Ram Das JI

Born at Chuni Mandi, Lahore in Parents- Hari Das ji and Daya

1534 Kaur
Married to Bibi Bhani and had 3 He started Masand System
sons
Most famous composition – He founded the city of Amritsar (
Laavan ( Marriage Hymns) Ramdaspur /Guru ka chakk)
Succeeded by Guru Arjan Dev ji Jyoti Jyot – 1581, Goindwal
Sahib
5.Guru Arjan Dev Ji

Born at Goindwal Sahib in 1563 Parents- Guru Ram Das ji/ Bibi Bhani

Married to Mata Ganga and had a son Constructed Harmandir Sahib and
Har Gobind invited Sufi Saint Mian Mir to lay its
foundation
Founded Tarn Taran and Kartarpur( Rebuilt village Ruhela and Renamed it
Jalandhar) as Hargobindpur
INTRODUCED DASWANDH SYSTEM Succeeded by Har Gobind Ji
(1/10TH DONATION FROM INCOME)
Jyoti Jyot- 1606, Lahore FIRST SIKH GURU to be Martyred
6.Guru Har Gobind JI

Born at Wadali village, Amritsar Parents- Guru Arjan Dev ji and

in 1595 Mata Ganga
Married to Mata damodari, Mata Had 5 sons ( Tegh Bahadur) and
marvahi, Mata Nanaki 1 daughter
Introduced Miri and Piri Known as BANDICHHOR
Constructed Akal Takht Founded Kiratpur city
Succeeded by Guru Har Rai ji Jyoti jyot in 1644 at Kiratpur
7.Guru Har Rai Ji

Born in 1630 at Kiratpur Sahib Parents – Baba Gurditta and

Mata Ananti
Married to Bibi Sulakhni and Blessed and Cured Dara Shikoh
had 2 sons the eldest son of Shah Jahan
after Battle of Samugarh in 1658
Succeeded by Guru Har Krishan Jyoti jyot at Kiratpur Sahib in
Ji 1661
8.Guru Har Krishan Ji- Bala Pir

Born at Kiratpur Sahib in 1656 Succeeded by Guru Tegh

Bahadur ji
Jyoti jyot at Delhi in 1664 He was stricken by Smallpox
9.Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji
Born at Amritsar in 1621 Parents- Guru Har Gobind and Mata
Nanaki
Married to Mata Gujari and had son Founded Chakk Nanaki ( Anandpur
Gobind Rai Sahib)
Hind di Chadar Was beheaded at Chandni Chowk on
the orders of Aurangzeb by the axe of
Jalal- ud Din of Samana in 1675
At the site of Guru’s Execution- Sardar Dismembered body was cremated by
Baghel Singh built Gurudwara Sis Ganj Lakhi Shah Lubana ( Gurudwara Rikab
Ganj)
Severed head was lifted by Bhai Jaita Succeeded by Guru Gobind Singh ji
and he carried it to Anandpur Sahib
and there it was cremated by Guru
Gobind Singh Ji
10.Guru Gobind Singh Ji
Born at Patna in 1666 Parents- Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji
and Mata Gujari
Married to Jito ji, Sundari , Sahib Founded Paonta Sahib
Devan and had 4 sons
Abolished Masand System Succeeded by Guru Granth
Sahib Ji
Jyoti Jyot at Nanded in 1708
Sahibzada Zorawar Singh
Sahibzada Jujhar Singh
Sahibzada Fateh Singh
Sahibzada Ajit Singh
Battles of Guru Gobind Singh Ji
◦ PRE KHALSA ( 1675- 1699)
◦ Bhangani 1688 against RAJA BHIM CHAND OF KAHLUR (BILASPUR) but
they became Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s friends. and Nadaun 1690 against
ALIF KHAN and he got defeated.
◦ POST KHALSA ( 1699- 1708)
◦ First battle of Anandpur 1701, Nirmoh 1702, basoli 1702, Second battle
of Anandpur 1704 ( 2 younger sons of Guru Gobind Singh Zorawar and
Fateh were bricked alive) , Shahi Tibbi 1704, Chamkaur 1705 ( 2 sons
of Guru Gobind Singh Ajit and Jujhar died fighting heroically with 35
other Sikhs) and Khidrana 1705 40 Sikh died fighting ( Chali Mukte),
but they defeated Mughals.
 Creation of the Khalsa
◦ In 1699 Guru Gobind Singh Ji created the Khalsa panth, by giving Amrit to Sikhs.
◦ In 1704 he fought the great battle with collective forces of Aurangzeb, Wazir Khan (Chief of
Sirhind), and other kings.
◦ He left Anandpur and went to Chamkaur with only 40 Sikhs. There he fought the Battle of
Chamkaur with 40 Sikhs, vastly out numbered by the Mughal soldiers. His two elder sons (at
ages 17, 15) were martyred there. Wazir Khan killed other two (ages 9, 6).
◦ Guru Ji sent Aurangzeb the Zafarnamah (Notification of Victory). Then he went to Nanded
(Maharashtra, India). From there he made Baba Gurbakhash Singh, also aliased as Baba Banda
Singh Bahadur, as his general and sent him to Punjab.
◦ On the evening of the day when Baba Gurbakhash Singh left for Punjab, Guru Gobind Singh
was visited by two Muslim soldiers. One of them was commissioned by Wazir Khan, Subedar of
Sirhind, to assassinate Guru Gobind Singh. One of the assailants, Bashal Beg, kept a vigil
outside the Guru's tent while Jamshed Khan, a hired assassin, stabbed the Guru twice. Khan
was killed in one stroke by the Guru, while those outside, alerted by the tumult, killed Beg.
◦ Although the wound was sewn up the following day, the Guru died in
Nanded, Maharashtra, India in 1708.
◦ Shortly before passing away Guru Gobind Singh ordered that the Guru Granth
Sahib (the Sikh Holy Scripture), would be the ultimate spiritual authority for
the Sikhs and temporal authority would be vested in the Khalsa Panth – the
Sikh Nation.
◦ The first Sikh Holy Scripture was compiled and edited by the Fifth Guru, Guru
Arjan in AD 1604, although some of the earlier gurus are also known to have
documented their revelations.
◦ This is one of the few scriptures in the world that has been compiled by the
founders of a faith during their own lifetime.
◦ The Guru Granth Sahib is particularly unique among sacred texts in that it is
written in Gurmukhi script but contains many languages including Punjabi,
Hindustani, Sanskrit, Bhojpuri, Assamese and Persian.
◦ Sikhs consider the Guru Granth Sahib the last, perpetual living guru.
 Guru Granth Sahib JI

◦ Holy book or the Sacred Scripture of the Sikhs.

◦ Compiled by Guru Arjan Dev Ji in 1604 and Bhai Gurdas Ji as Scribe.
◦ Pothi Sahib
◦ Written in Gurmukhi script.
◦ Installed in the newly built Harimandir Sahib on 16 August 1604 and
Baba Buddha Ji – first Granthi.
◦ 1430 PAGES
 5 Takhts

Shri Akal Takht Amritsar, Punjab

Shri Damdama Sahib Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda, Punjab
Shri Keshgarh Sahib Anandpur Sahib, Punjab
Shri Patna Sahib Patna Sahib, Bihar
Shri Hazur Sahib Nanded Sahib, Maharashtra
 Dal Khalsa
◦ After Banda Singh Bahadur , Kapur Singh was accepted by the Sarbat Khalsa as leader
and Invested with title NAWAB.
◦ He divided entire Sikh militia into

Budha Dal Taruna Dal

❖First one had veterans and Second consisted youthful soldiers.

❖The purpose of Budha Dal was to protect Gurudwaras and Train Taruna Dal and Taruna
Dal acted as combat troops.
◦ Sarbat Khalsa reorganized and unified into one single body DAL KHALSA in 1748
under SARDAR JASSA SINGH AHLUWALIA and he died in 1783 after which Dal
Khalsa virtually got ended.

Chhota
Ghallughara

◦ Lakhpat Rai, the Diwan of Lahore wanted to avenge the killing of his brother Jaspat
rai ( the Faujdar of Eminabad) who was killed in an encounter with a raving band of
Sikhs. With the concurrence of Yahiya Khan, Lakhpat rai launched an all-out campaign
against the Sikhs and set forth with a large army.
◦ Sikhs were brought near Kahnuwan’s dense forest, Gurdaspur . Sikhs were scattered
with heavy losses there and around 7000 Sikhs were killed and 3000 captured .
◦ 1st and 2nd May 1746.
• 1 day battle between Dal Khalsa and Ahmad Shah Abdali
• The Sikhs plundered Sir Hind and Malerkotla and drove away the
faujdar of Jalandhar which enraged Abdali.
• Sikhs at Kup- Rohira near Malerkotla were captured by Abdali
• On 5th Feb 1762, a Battle was fought and an estimated number of
20-50,000 Sikhs including women and children were killed in
massacre.
 These topics have been covered under Sikh
Rulers topic on my channel
◦ Banda Singh Bahadur ( Major Personalities in the
History of Punjab Lecture too)
◦ Sikh Misl
◦ Maharaja Ranjit Singh
◦ Successors
◦ Anglo – Sikh Wars
Modern History of Punjab
◦ FOUNDATION OF BRITISH ADMINISTRATION IN PUNJAB
◦ In March 1849, the Punjab kingdom fell to the troops of the British East India
Company and subsequently became a province under British rule.
◦ Governed by a Board of administration which was abolished in 1853 and a chief
commissioner was appointed as head of local executive administration.
◦ FIRST CHIEF COMMR. – SIR JOHN LAWRENCE
◦ At the commencement of 1859 – Punjab + Delhi were placed under a Separate
Lieutenant Governor and Sir John Lawrence was the first to join as LG but
replaced by Sir Robert Montgomery.

First Rail Line – 8 Feb 1859 from Amritsar to Multan

Penal Code was introduced in 1862 in Punjab
◦ In 1865- Sir Donald Mcleod became new LG
◦ In the same year, a chief court was established with SIR E.PRINCEP as first
commissioner of Punjab.
Territories of Punjab Under LG

Punjab – West of River Beas

Jalandhar Doab and Hill district of

Kangra

River Satluj east area