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Three Schema Arch 1

The three schema architecture separates a database into three levels: the internal schema, conceptual schema, and external schema. The internal schema describes the physical storage and organization of data. The conceptual schema describes the logical design of the database. The external schema provides different views of the database tailored for different user groups.

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Riaz Khan
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143 views2 pages

Three Schema Arch 1

The three schema architecture separates a database into three levels: the internal schema, conceptual schema, and external schema. The internal schema describes the physical storage and organization of data. The conceptual schema describes the logical design of the database. The external schema provides different views of the database tailored for different user groups.

Uploaded by

Riaz Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT 2

Three schema Architecture


o The three schema architecture is also called ANSI/SPARC architecture or three-
level architecture.
o This framework is used to describe the structure of a specific database system.
o The three schema architecture is also used to separate the user applications and
physical database.
o The three schema architecture contains three-levels. It breaks the database down
into three different categories.

The three-schema architecture is as follows:

In the above diagram:

o It shows the DBMS architecture.


o Mapping is used to transform the request and response between various database
levels of architecture.
o Mapping is not good for small DBMS because it takes more time.
o In External / Conceptual mapping, it is necessary to transform the request from
external level to conceptual schema.
o In Conceptual / Internal mapping, DBMS transform the request from the
conceptual to internal level.

1. Internal Level
o The internal level has an internal schema which describes the physical storage
structure of the database.
o The internal schema is also known as a physical schema.
o It uses the physical data model. It is used to define that how the data will be
stored in a block.
o The physical level is used to describe complex low-level data structures in detail.

2. Conceptual Level
o The conceptual schema describes the design of a database at the conceptual
level. Conceptual level is also known as logical level.
o The conceptual schema describes the structure of the whole database.
o The conceptual level describes what data are to be stored in the database and
also describes what relationship exists among those data.
o In the conceptual level, internal details such as an implementation of the data
structure are hidden.
o Programmers and database administrators work at this level.

3. External Level
o At the external level, a database contains several schemas that sometimes called
as subschema. The subschema is used to describe the different view of the
database.
o An external schema is also known as view schema.
o Each view schema describes the database part that a particular user group is
interested and hides the remaining database from that user group.
o The view schema describes the end user interaction with database systems.

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