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NETWORKS Test

A computer network connects computers together to share resources. Nodes in the network can be personal computers, servers, or other devices. They are identified by network addresses and hostnames. Common communication protocols allow nodes to communicate over wired, wireless, or optical connections using various network topologies. Computer networks support applications like web access, file sharing, printing, and messaging.

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26 views1 page

NETWORKS Test

A computer network connects computers together to share resources. Nodes in the network can be personal computers, servers, or other devices. They are identified by network addresses and hostnames. Common communication protocols allow nodes to communicate over wired, wireless, or optical connections using various network topologies. Computer networks support applications like web access, file sharing, printing, and messaging.

Uploaded by

dovipat712
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A computer network is a set of computers sharing resources located on or provided by network

nodes. Computers use common communication protocols over digital interconnections to


communicate with each other. These interconnections are made up of telecommunication
network technologies based on physically wired, optical, and wireless radio-frequency methods that
may be arranged in a variety of network topologies.

The nodes of a computer network can include personal computers, servers, networking hardware, or
other specialized or general-purpose hosts. They are identified by network addresses and may
have hostnames. Hostnames serve as memorable labels for the nodes and are rarely changed after
initial assignment. Network addresses serve for locating and identifying the nodes by communication
protocols such as the Internet Protocol.

Computer networks may be classified by many criteria, including the transmission medium used to
carry signals, bandwidth, communications protocols to organize network traffic, the network size, the
topology, traffic control mechanisms, and organizational intent.[citation needed]

Computer networks support many applications and services, such as access to the World Wide
Web, digital video and audio, shared use of application and storage servers, printers and fax
machines, and use of email and instant messaging applications.

Network types

Informational (computing)TelecommunicationTransportSocialScientific collaborationBiologicalArtificial


neuralInterdependentSemanticSpatialDependencyFlowon-Chip

Graphs

Features

CliqueComponentCutCycleData structureEdgeLoopNeighborhoodPathVertexAdjacency list /


matrixIncidence list / matrix

Types

BipartiteCompleteDirectedHyperLabeledMultiRandomWeighted

MetricsAlgorithms

Centrality Degree Motif Clustering Degree distributionAssortativityDistanceModularityEfficiency

 In 1965, Western Electric introduced the first widely used telephone switch that
implemented computer control in the switching fabric.
 In 1969, the first four nodes of the ARPANET were connected using 50 kbit/s circuits
between the University of California at Los Angeles, the Stanford Research Institute, the
University of California at Santa Barbara, and the University of Utah.[17] In the early
1970s, Leonard Kleinrock carried out mathematical work to model the performance of
packet-switched networks, which underpinned the development of the ARPANET.[18]
[19]
His theoretical work on hierarchical routing in the late 1970s with student Farouk
Kamoun remains critical to the operation of the Internet today.

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