Software development life cycle (SDLC) is the entire process of formal logical steps taken to develop a software product. The SDLC is composed of 6 stages .Plan, Analyze design, build,test and deploy. It serves as guide to developers, testers, product managers and other resources on their software development. Some of the common SDLC models are waterfall, Incremental/Overlapping waterfall. emphasizes that software is developed in sequential phases (plan analyze design build test deploy) with established milestones, documents and reviews at the end of each phase. and the entire scope of the project is addressed at each phase. Incremental or overlapping waterfall Type of evolutionary method. Objective is to develop the system in incremental partRequirements are prioritized and then implemented in groups "divide and conquer." Each subsequent release of the system adds function to the previous release until all designed functionality has been implemented. Quality Assurance Quality assurance covers all areas of the software development life cycle. It ensures that quality processes and good practices are being followed. Quality assurance activities: peer reviews, change control procedures, Configuration management, requirements Traceability, Release management. Functional testing Unit testing, smoke testing, sanity testing, integration testing, white box testing, black box testing, user acceptance testing, regressions testing, API testing.Non-Functional Testing Performance testing. Load testing, stress testing, volume testing, endurance testing, spike testing, scalability testing, reliability testing, security testing, usability testing, recoverability testing, maintainability testing, localization testing, documentation testing, Cross browser testing. Stress testing determines the application's ability to handle large amounts of data stress. Testing can be more successful with a full load applied to the server. Running addition, applications in the server in conjunction with the high outside tests is an additional form of stress testing. Functional testing is concerned with the functional requirements and covers how well the system executes its functions. Non-Functional testing enables themeasurement and comparison of a testing of non-functional attributes of software systems. Performance testing is used to measure several system characteristics, such as processing speed, response time, resource consumption thoroughput, and efficiency. V Model Variant of the waterfall methodology that emphasizes verification and validation of the product. Testing of the product is planned in parallel with the corresponding phase of development. Assume set a product simultaneously. Half of the total development effort will be spent interesting. Validation doing the right thing occurs across stayes. Uses the requirements resability and matrix. Insurance network are correctly derived confirm the established quality standards also known as peer reviews. Test analysis, it is a process of analyzingdata from test deliverables during the test development process to evaluate reliability and validity of the test as a whole. It's also carried out in order to allow the reporting of the results that is a process of reviewing the business requirements for testability, designing the test approach identifying high level testing areas and test conditions, signing test scripts and recording each derivatible for treasa. Bility. Effective test analysis will last and the team's effort during the test planning by identifying the problem. So risk early on best analysis. Substance during the analyzed phase in the SDL. C. This will only cover the test planning preparation. Design Test The purpose of the design test discipline is to create the test conditions and expected results. That scenarios and test cycle control sheets for all the major test streams or test streams have beengrouped into functional and unfunctional testing based on type of requirements being validated to provide a clear distinction between the type of testing and the skill set 3. Quiet, perform the testing. The discipline will also focus on the design of automated testing to define. How it is going to be performed in the bland the frameworks and tools which will be used or built to accomplish test automation. Important testing techniques, static dynamic positive negative black box white box Gray box. Static testing software is not executed. Commonly used by developers. Can be done before compilation. Static testing types: walk through, technical review inspection. Dynamite testing the code executed used to confirm that the application works inaccordance with the business requirements. Includes all non-functional testing categories. Dynamic testing process involves working with or running the software, giving input values and checking if the output is as expected, can take place only after a compilation, it won't run otherwise. Dynamic testing types specification based testing or block box testing structure. Base testing or white box testing, Experience- based testing under experience based testing are error guessing exploratory testing. Positive testing performed under system by providing validata input testers are not trying to break the system. Use to check whether the application performs as it is supposed to also known as test to pass. Negative testing functional testing of error conditions and responses from the system depends upon the business requirementslinked with ever handling. Uses scripts that include known filier. Case is to address the Is there an implementation of the application under test?errors also known as test to fail. Black box testing the snapshit's not required the knowledge of the code or internal structure. Test the functionality of the system as a whole. Block. Block box testing as 5 techniques equivalent partition boundary value analysis, decision Table, state transition, use case testing. White box testing a testing technique in which design is based on The internal logic structure and implementation of the application under test. That's the structure of the cold insurance to enter. Another paration and perform according to the documented specifications. Ensure that all internal companies have been properly exercise.Test automation automated test execute assignments of actions without human intervention. When to use automation system, stable frequent and complete system regression is required. Daily health checks several already's in a short. Minimum manual intervention is required. When Not to use automation application is constantly modified. Scripts require lots of manual intervention need to test only once. Test automation steps create test automation scripts. Update transaction data and common test data perform PR review. Test Analysis is a process of reviewing the business requirements for testability signing the test approach. Identifying high level test scenarios and test conditions. Designing test crips and recording eachdeliverable for traceability. The purpose of design task discipline is to create the test conditions and expected results. Design areas and test cycle control sheets for all the major death streams or death status. Static testing is also called as dryer and testing. Dynamic testing requires the hold to be executed. Positive testing is performed in the system by providing validata input. Negative testing implies test to fail white box. Testing test the structure of the cold black box testing does not require the knowledge of the code or internal structure. Gray box testing is a combination of black box and white box testing. Test automation is automating the manual testing process that is currently in use. Test preparation for the Adm perspective involves 3 key steps. Prepare test grips and data prepare test environment. Manage test test scripts detail the exactsteps. A tester must follow while executing a test test data is a data that has been specifically identified for the purpose of testing a particular system or application being developed. Integration product test is an end-to-end test of the product requirements for all applications and pet. Warm user acceptance test is performed by the client. Operational acceptance test is meant to validate the disability and operability of the systems involved in the test test. Automation tools provide testers with an effective message to test the application for test preparation and execution for each test stream. Also referred to a system test attempts product test. UAT test are performed by the client. UAT is carried out to clarify the system against the predetermined requirements UAT done in the final phase of testing UAT scared out in a separate test environment. Also known as string test assembly test.It's an end-to-end of the product requirement across all applications and platforms. Integration product is meant to answer the question. Does the system enable the users to do your jobs u? A? T? Periview is a methodolical examination of the software workers to remove defects from the software product early and efficiently. There's a experi view techniques inspection deemed with view. Walk through the programming desk checking round Robin. Applicability of each technique varies according to the nature of the project. There are several things to look out for in reviewing. That's deliverables such as completeness of content correctness according to requirements correctness of format. Others documented in the review checklist. Youtilizing a. of viewpoint sheet is the best practice to document. Their viewpoints and action items perform for purposes of tracking defect managementand matrix tracking. Berryville techniques inspection most systematic effective and rigorous technique inspection team includes domain. Experts not involved in the projects requires team training build define. Rose moderator author review word recorder. Review of record reworked work products may be recorded. The interview instruction like review but less formal and simplified. No overviews and fireworks participants rose may be combined and the reader will be submitted. Be reversed identified from within the team structured. Walk through reveal where the author describes the work product to a group of beers and solicit comments. Author takes the dominant role in the other specific review roles or nothing. Usually defined reviewers artificially members of the development team typically used in design and test faces of the software development lifecycle pair programming in formal. of utique component of a popular Ajal Missouri approach to software development called extreme programming to developers work on the same program simultaneously at the single work State. Individuals who are not directly involved in the application development process conduct this review desk checkers, primarily focuses on whether deliverables confirmed the project standards and logs all the text identified during the desk check round Robin enhanced version of just checking performed by multiple reviewers in a sequential manner, the initial reviewer performs the review. Identifies and logs defects and then forward to the developer to the next review room. This process continues until all reviewers participate and deliverable and comments are returned to the author. Test execution is the face held after a test running and test. The paration that involves a set everyquarry delivers. Test execution is conducted with either Manuel or automated test scripts. Test execution involves testing of software-based or a pretty good if I'm test that to illustrate the software stability level identifying and fixing any resulting problems or defects in a systematic manner. The test execution process includes test pdesperation. Test execution defines the input data and expected results. Scripting a better cycle define stabs and prepares to cycle control calendar desk execution. Executes the scripts in the best model. Compares the actual results that | have expected results. And not only identifies but resolves any descriptions. Objective of test execution is to demonstrate that the actual test results for each step much the expected test results. Stop send text test, execute the scripts. Verified the results and followed test procedures, document results and discrepancies.Test execution involves the testing of software-based on a pretty fine test. Ban yourselves to illustrate the software stability level and identify and fix any resulting problems or defects ina systematic manner. Test the execution typically involves performing the following steps. Execute that describes verify the results document the results and descriptions. Task execution is conducted with either Manuel or automated descripts. Qualities of a contestor follows directions details, oriented innovator good communicators show distinct concept subskills that makes a tester discipline at perseverance, reading and comprehension skills. And you got to think communication and interpret similar skills. Time management attitude ability to learn. How the effect is significant of an error within a software. It can be defined into 3 categories. Error a human action thatproduces an incorrect result. Also known as a mistake fault, a manifestation of an error within the software also known as the fact or bug failure the departure of operational system behavior from the user requirement. The fact classification by category wrong de specification has been implemented incorrectly. The effects is a virus of the defined customer. Are user specification missing a specification or one? That requirement is not in the bill. Product at medication that the specification was not implemented. Our requirement on the customer identified during or after the product was deleted extra. The requirement included in the project that was not specified. Is this always a warrant from specification. The fact life cycle the duration between the detection of the effect and closing the effects successfully is called the defect life cycle testers. Test lead developers and development lead play a vital role in theSlide cycle status of subject's new. The defects is in the new stage when it is detected. The first time the tester logs the fact that the staff was as new and the effect. The report assigned here that effect is assigned to the developer to fix the development lead logs. The status assigned in the factory port open the developer chain. Just the status as open when it starts fixing the defect fix in program developer's team members change the status of the fix status of the fix fix. Mr. Developer has addressed the effect. It changes the status as a fix which is reviewed by development lead and it is forwarded to test lead not yet deployed in the dark yet environment. Ready to test once the fix is deployed in the target environment retest. The test lead changes the status as retest and sends it to tester to retest to check whether the different specifics. The tester checks whether the fact is fixed or not or when the fixedresistant retested to success in the target environment. Reopen, when they're ready to test the facts fails to test. It is free opened and assigned back to development rejected. The test leads reviews the effect and the perfect is not valid. Not a state exchange to rejected or rejectedr development. Really, the fact is involved. A defect is a variance from the desired product quality. The facts can be classified by category face of origin severity priority, and by type. The cost of fixing defects in the earlier part of s TLC is much lower than the cost associated for fixing at later stages of testing and much higher when detected in the production system. The homeland causes of defects are omission. Lack of knowledge miscommunication and accident software. The fact life cycle is situation between the detection of a defect and closing that affects successfully.read Hone, | Tectia + Testing occure maini af ~ls end + Comma niatin , drcermen and hand~ 2k bene y “Tet Aaufemetin Nn pro 2 fevbng Ke 4riven ov) Pee PoP Tegng 7 part o fect yeam rs