Do you want to know more about new and unknown world of IT, programming

and coding? Then this article will tell a lot about this sphere in general and in
other narrow aspects. Even if you are already familiar with this area of knowl-
edge, you will be able to learn something new from this article. So you are wel-
come to read and get to know the world of IT better!
Programming is for everyone
Programming is, quite literally, all around us. From the take-out we order, to the
movies we stream, code enables everyday actions in our lives. Tech companies are no
longer recognizable as just software companies — instead, they bring food to our
door, help us get a taxi, influence outcomes in presidential elections, or act as a per-
sonal trainer.
…and programming is for everyone
For many years, only a few people have known how to code. However, that’s starting
to change. The number of people learning to code is increasing year by year, with es-
timates around 31.1 million software developers worldwide, which doesn’t even ac-
count for the many OTHER careers that relate to programming.
Here at Codecademy, our mission is to make technical knowledge accessible and ap-
plicable. Technology plays a crucial role in our economy — but programming is no
longer just for software engineers. Any person can benefit from learning to program
— whether it’s learning HTML to improve your marketing emails or taking a SQL
course to add a dose of analysis to your research role.
Even outside of the tech industry, learning to program is essential to participating in
the world around you: it affects the products you buy, the legal policies you vote for,
and the data you share online.
What is programming?
Put simply, programming is giving a set of instructions to a computer to execute. If
you’ve ever cooked using a recipe before, you can think of yourself as the computer
and the recipe’s author as a programmer. The recipe author provides you with a set of
instructions that you read and then follow. The more complex the instructions, the
more complex the result!
Programming as communicating, or coding
“Ok, so now I know what programming is, but what’s coding? I’m here to learn how
to code. Are they the same thing?”
While sometimes used interchangeably, programming and coding actually have dif-
ferent definitions.
 Programming is the mental process of thinking up instructions to give to a ma-
chine (like a computer).
 Coding is the process of transforming those ideas into a written language that a
computer can understand.
Over the past century, humans have been trying to figure out how to best communi-
cate with computers through different programming languages. Programming has
evolved from punch cards with rows of numbers that a machine read, to drag-and-
drop interfaces that increase programming speed, with lots of other methods in be-
tween.
To this day, people are still developing programming languages, trying to improve
our programming efficiency. Others are building new languages that improve accessi-
bility to learning to code, like developing an Arabic programming language or im-
proving access for the blind and visually impaired.
There are tons of programming languages out there, each with its own unique
strengths and applications. Ultimately, the best one for you depends on what you’re
looking to achieve. Check out our tips for picking your first language to learn more.
Programming as collaboration
When we give instructions to a computer through code, we are, in our own way, com-
municating with the computer. But since computers are built differently than we are,
we have to translate our instructions in a way that computers will understand.
Computers interpret instructions in a very literal manner, so we have to be very spe-
cific in how we program them. Think about instructing someone to walk. If you start
by telling them, “Put your foot in front of yourself,” do they know what a foot is? Or
what front means? (and now we understand why it’s taken so long to develop bipedal
robots…). In coding, that could mean making sure that small things like punctuation
and spelling are correct. Many tears have been shed over a missing semicolon (;) a
symbol that a lot of programming languages use to denote the end of a line.
But rather than think of this as a boss-employee relationship, it’s more helpful to
think about our relationship with computers as a collaboration.
The computer is just one (particularly powerful) tool in a long list of tools that hu-
mans have used to extend and augment their abilities.
As mentioned before, computers are very good at certain things and well, not so good
at others. But here’s the good news: the things that computers are good at, humans
suck at, and the things that computers suck at, humans are good at! Take a look at this
handy table:
Just imagine what we can accomplish when we work together! We can make movies
with incredible special effects, have continuous 24/7 factory production, and improve
our cities and health.
Types of Programming Languages
Binary code comprises a series of zeros and ones, used to communicate instructions.
This code is a low-level programming language. Each digit in a coded sequence con-
nects to a switch in your computer. Each switch connects to an action, and together
thousands of switches operate a device.
High-level code, a computer communication process that works much like human
language, allows programmers to operate entire systems simultaneously. High-level
programming languages convert human language from programmers into binary code
that computers understand
What Is Coding Used For?
Developers use a variety of programming languages to build websites and applica-
tions. Front-end developers typically use HTML, CSS, or JavaScript code to create
website layouts and design functions.
Websites with user accounts, like Facebook, Instagram, or LinkedIn, require back-
end developers to write computer code that connects websites to databases. Back-end
developers often write code using languages such as SQL, Java, and Python.
Developers use other languages like Python, Objective-C, C#, Swift, or Ruby on
Rails to create apps for cell phones and computer software.
Below, we list popular programming languages and their most common uses.
C:
Used for developing software operating systems and databases

Python:
Used for building websites and software programs and performing data analysis.

HTML:
Used for creating the structures of a webpage, like paragraphs, links, and tables

C++:
Used for creating and developing games. It is an object-oriented programming (OOP) language that
is viewed by many as the best language for creating large-scale applications. C++ is a superset of
the C language.

C#:
Used for creating desktop applications and web services. It is a modern, object-oriented, and type-
safe programming language.

Scala:
Used for data engineering, data processing, and web development support. It is a strong statically
typed high-level general-purpose programming language that supports both object-oriented pro-
gramming and functional programming. Designed to be concise, many of Scala's design decisions
are intended to address criticisms of Java.

PHP:
Used for managing databases and creating dynamic webpages. It is a general-purpose scripting lan-
guage and interpreter that is freely available and widely used for web development. The language is
used primarily for server-side scripting, although it can also be used for command-line scripting
and, to a limited degree, desktop applications.
SQL:
Used for communicating with databases and managing and organizing data

JavaScript:
Used for creating webpages and supporting front-end and back-end development

Coding helps build professional skills.

Let’s get the obvious out of the way. Knowledge of computer programming is a valu-
able employment asset.
As technology continues to weave into our daily lives, coding skills will become
more desired among candidates — according to job board Indeed.com, several of the
most in-demand skills fall under computing.
If you’re looking to make a career pivot into tech or to switch to a more technical role
within your field, knowing at least one relevant programming language is a must.
This doesn’t just apply to developers, though. Web designers should know HTML,
CSS, and JavaScript. Project managers should know the inner workings of the tools
they help craft.
Even if you run a simple WordPress website, familiarizing yourself with front-end
languages and some PHP goes a long way.
Even if you’re not pursuing a strictly technical role, coding experience is an asset. It
shows technical know-how, the ability to grasp abstract concepts, and that you can
solve complex problems.
Finally, coding knowledge enables you to take up freelance work or a full-time ca-
reer.
Coding can help you earn more.
The average entry-level salary in the U.S. is $40,153 in 2022. But the average starting
salary for a programmer is more than twice as much, at $85,293.
We mentioned earlier that there are differences between coders and programmers. As
you continue to learn about coding, you may start to specialize. Many of the highest
coding salaries come from the ability to offer your skills in a specific type of coding.
For example, as you continue to code, you may become a developer. Besides writing
code, developers also debug software and work with source code. Developers usually
specialize in a specific programming language.
Developers often earn higher salaries than programmers and have high projected job
growth. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, jobs for developers should
grow by 22% by 2030.
Coding lets you create things.
One of the coolest benefits of learning how to code is the ability to bring your ideas
to life. Have a concept for a website, app, or computer game? Now, you can build it
exactly how you want, then share it with the world.

In conclusion, the world of programming and coding is opened for everyone. This
interesting and perspective sphere that is developing rapidly nowadays. In my
opinion, it is important to keep up with the times we’re facing, the times of IT
technologies.