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Discrete Mathematics

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Ritesh Kumar
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128 views49 pages

Discrete Mathematics

Uploaded by

Ritesh Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Y Nove 2m sn nth en | at) presson beim Sine 7 +36 iets Sethi proves that 2+ 3 evae by 7 ben, ( 88.6) Define Linear ‘anexample withillustation sar lose ealon with Constant Cottctenta 4 ‘currece relation wth omatant cet ©. = eas 86ppat 46,0, fon en ty ar real nimbere andy vo. eh ‘stant conictntsicalled hamopennoen bi vor recwrene ration wich For example: Soothe rocumence elation, \ aSclution The characteristics equation exrespondingt the ven recurrence ‘latin ie Ga+8=0 -9@-000 Q.2.0) Prove the Rulers formula? en ‘A. fe to @ 20 of Secon Term Exssinaion 2014 amet 19, Universi eh-Akah Boks cues » sow thatthe graphs deplase nthe following ures arent are isomer A 1 : nr sibon arcane ns nnd wix edges. 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Wo shall prove the theme ny ing exampl othe neten tention st 60) sparta sg rgesnt and iin Sp incharey et St) ner ae rm teprinst Freche oe sa gee MD te a matchmine f:0-»Gby eating sx var ‘We cli that para o 0 Wfainonwone tere top taper ach re imali Gb nye element wrt, ea sey esos oad Pecan (fa te onto: For anyg « G webave Baja eae istimamineiagcemcne se wanes Sontinmeaaz ancien retnneM sft €ANG) Ya € G, o of ote aa vabgrmey Sate METER CEAIG) let f= Cb any theca on cota ‘To prove that Gina subgroup of ACCh ater top ret . sige 2 stom stai cic iam seaere aren Porany s ¢ Gwe have ean tne veg on ato Sew maine rt ifR has an identity clement we oe Ans. (i) Using d + (5) = (-2)+6 20, wehave ab +a(-8) = 6b4(-b)=0.0=0 (6) +ab = a(-b)+))=a0%0 Hence (a) (-6) is the negative of 48) thats (ii) We have a)(-B)aab at Yes lasCDen(s-nertan9 (datas (Haslen(-Dela=ta-0 Hence (-1) (1) is the negative of 1); tht fy #1 FIRST TERM EXAMINATION (SEPT. 2015] ‘THIRD SEMESTER [B.TECH] FOUNDATION OF COMPUTER SYSTEM [ETCS-203] Nats No. icompuly Atept oy fom here hetons. (Qi: (o) Whats patiton ofa et. Explain with examples eee ein ata nt aie etntinn fist an empty eet ave Aostie nin A eAL ET Aseviel {tain ete mein ftovgatea at. 8 partons 1 RR hiner ams anon,esicemss alejisrche te ormaan tarety err perannd (Wybeaceting es en (Sytnen epaton wit on (oy feae te ina svat prpesonal oi Sa oncae GSuectececpuers Par (ik esagcanniee Sevtresveeoen Sines oso wth wip o cepa) al Prove sumo oddest em eee eed ea ly 1 any nbn 10 an oo cn bo formed sing i saaoifeachdgttmny be repented, “Kener eben or ac ace T334 ferbtpace ny wubors aman enn su chi (Fens ry mumios oman enn chin ‘aan ay mes men nce Captian at ar lloned) fy Baio psn 44 = 2 ee, isa a raaton om aa Ase Bd ine mutt ropezentton of raalon Ron a ne RaSh insta (29h, 2,53) ng ai ong si soto Pron) ts Daten vee ai wir wae BG 26 20 0 CANAD .2.18 dhe oreenation fr the gone $f Compete Sytem hang, AF tml atetnae wets peace Vlg 0~ ais PONE “a © v0 a-cisinpeye >a) cing Ith 0a lv ty 2d OR simpieatin) ‘alld conctuvon trom prep toeeny) Bi tue Ros) eneteeg ‘cratenlty nto preteen ton A BW» Sows tase ny 3 1P-Univeniy hat Bek sos mieten - a Die 2 SPs ates ton sare ten br He oe 93.) 0 What Pandata ft lement oN pe toa 1000 cvabeani tn vovelo sco aarosag? ie mon oi inh agent mara enya donetha= 4 Coin an rent vores A vayinwhichvom can arsed ee - somites Cmte sh 94.) What is at rank (What is Latics ‘ion ernst ‘hind Semester, Foundation of Computer Systm #5 yinpifedividesy 1 <2a4612 ed Hasse Bagram ie ‘per bound and Greatert lower et POSED in Pally ade ich eory 2 eles cant Sat anges tan Ee tcl cnn a en pnt 6 48 LUB, 20 LUB = (6} E GLa a cuit} it lever Bound te ann eel seta prea SECOND TERM EXAMINATION [NOV. 2015] _ THIRD SEMESTER [B.TECH] FOUNADTION OF COMPUTER SYSTEM [ETCS-203] ‘ine. L30Hours ooo ng ey rrorbymalhematea duets foraif yn?» 2nisa male ota epthed) 1 Shichi tebe s ene eve fen = tat = wie dvb derefore Dk (8) DalipsameD Bianca TRswentD LidestuneD Hence +0421 by te Te iene step iste 0 tem omogenovs recurrence ration: ey dentity homogeneous and non ‘feo sinc toes hamegeens recone renin font oy-Bagy emia) : singe nan beseese ehatothe fra/te)=0 sine titi ar 28 tain ihenamel Hite nat Generating oe Sth once toi fan = avarengtecne at . tet deter + Ferma qt tbe sn Le ie ‘snmaltipbying both sides of) by = and i (i To generating anton sete Ot Noh ae Betgyrme ait anger fete Hit att 80 heen ra ese Fr hg ier eater i a ae Toesve a recur Lette generat . Fon Mesa Ro, x 2 Baers San Olay Mont naam 2 2 Te aay, oo : ome ee foe 8) = Fer Ba aes Bae . Apa 95 Ber. Benen 8 = eonceneterin ote) ‘Wocan connec the graphy repevig te avers Bande bt we can nt aucaactyremning octane tthe ete, Tevet cabin "Reutelge saconmeted rah Gira sw Sofedges wt thelonng rope: 1 The resol ofall edges nS dsenowes . ‘The emoal of some at not lf eg in oes ot eons ane th lowing arh Wecan dlacnnet © by roving the hee oes id ead ta we ant nae eemavog ae toct ve igen Aetoertsatattedps iach Sedge sredaedant i. Whats an Aten rene? potenti, callod a group ithe allowing onion are said. lorbite = 2 bro anodatniy) s:hareessingen clement nC meh aoa igi Gie = etace inane ede) jc Othversicancenate te Gch (,*)inwhleh enn persion comma acd abl Eg denen mgr ain +8 5ar Techarcristceqntin be RRs este as oe sae . pst RR wage nso ft crater oiation sedans ingisintbeRRvebare ce gine etg-ttEt +E Ufateocireinn= t-te teeta poets fet 22.) Solve the. tons wit initial con fo Mandan, Ans. Lat the ge eerie cton ei Ty ane hh done tr ay 2 coqnes wo esting erie @ nd cure See = ect a inabon equa ve aia dar inp we pe +800) 2 08 ae - (02706) « 2eaee 2 eed pinot titlovig ne ertie oe inane remit . 0) et, coeeeae * x Iyparta tion, wee Tra Ss ss Tana + Waar “™. : * 5 bee Thus, cretion YX / . a 9.3.) etoe planar raph Ov the prt Blersormal fr cmaced S itamaten ie oe eee oe gn ate fii nist “Amn br malicphwhidhcane donate pe mshi at ett ee iene ot gt SS Tae some ep Men en ce annette Taanples Sissons ‘The compote graph with ur vrs yin planar soph elon gave fra which connects the amber ¥ of verte the number of eee and the number oregon ot nyeombected ma Teen mapinhYoHY, nehednmetnnmaattevener | ‘hind Semester, Foundation of ost a ks Computer Sytem 12 Unie 0 comet ery ar ti smot pan fhe min cme ony wat ict every verter in ‘Madacent tonne icin Ts copes a wen eon Had tetcaaitgeee 7 rer Fotaach ee nV, oy een ange ned : wn NY te ag elf care Het ee ere in ¥, mae 3. fe) What are ise tie ane homo: hic gray What is coy 7 ne Menno EN ph aoe Att. Graphs GWV, eye 1d G* (Vs, are said tobe Peake or 2 toone Ree FV Ye, hat La i ea as ae werhas dg K.tneier eg ar re ee lac nstbesane ‘asroh Gicroms ct dcee hovel wed ~—~A- canbeegrsed alma ich cabe crre fps rational mambo ste sino and b are nae ‘mulipeation opera oe Se Se Sane sh ae a ae ctae cre iy sing ei ete oto ete tre i eta sures er ‘2 a pee a se te ee Ga gon a sitet pogreintenrmrm me | ii ptnniemcremtn grime reg eesisenerre on Py ® o Se ee ee ea. Penne 2 tt nen a plait aaeea wees SR et wt te 2 Galette Scutecni pn nr sent santero oa senatadoan anager rump: fo * Saaneiattouns of THIRD INATIO) EP, University Tec Abah Boks soss8 FOUNDA SEMESTER pn (IAN, ag, nema pcre OF c TECH), i ehnand n(n then suberat (A 7B); that iin” miA) and (B) and we MPUTER gil Piititiousrc hose hisachitosreray ours ‘Sample : Senden ueacrsts— whtyPech Moises wostudy Oar Tics osu nn nrgye20 ching Fresh anes NGnionis — Shostay Goma one msn TeRias) Vins Pt nl ae nphoribes, Mester alse ae cde aig ttt nef nee eee gmemdieatenrA-ni® ioamenhnarnt 2 essa 20 25-15 482100 ioe 1 cen nmgn tation rr rowan te wu Se poping ere : ch reads Foro Br) faction detond cosa ia.n.0,2,000 symbol 3 which 0 tay) tne REO Prova een tt we faanilea erate ) Let Athen ‘iy Representing Relations using DiEeDh te renee oti y0,212..00) 1 dete preemie Genes nine long me ropes, ten eine Thane set fal nie tee a a inn ion he itgere 2h thins sue whut ‘Thole the proto Becton, a eee ar ropane a peor yearn ath eg, Sct earphone ae meen a | | thee ota ee Bw 2 Read ave 0 + ao we hare ne be) cope anaene ted Aa Oh ra Hoge fie Ans. Proof! Proofs ints Peet Contepe 2 Conte oth 18 ten ae ee rete Position and slot i gti 1 Unive BTA Boks 05-5 Prost rem uve ofthe gn stsemene Gone tanker ss thn 18 Le cpt omic ande 230 Szomiapy mays were £105 Sum Tranter nome by20 Stevia sto esc 25 sy pope ty Dnt wee Fer pi flatrene fer Propontnae Somer ChourRaeee 78 ecto 0 o Prog pinata’ pep tose tobe tei) ‘online g C0) (stat rcotrapaton r Modan Ten) eth ees poogcoingbe) P euieanme a bef) atin =p Coop the) ‘SDaancivesece Here the premiere peace?) neat cane tbe fie) ‘lasosane Cong a? Prony Connery ronal nent iia Teper ira hn aie a rok mbes th gn aeons wept “Lp Univeiy DyUDUIO|aKr940 Moy 10 89809 on; oy, 258 19 paw jo) 20 go pu ovo or sBuopoq 9 99 20 wtp aw 9 pu o1e 6 ep ou HY HY 61.81, 2y*dnossae (taser Yoh 6g = p> "yous 105 %y.9 = x o Ho uy yuowsye we oq x 491 ve yeg = i Hed = "WD “ any om (Z) pure (T) wary 2 "yams 10)*y.9 = 9 ‘19 9 9 eomg H? yous 205 "yu = 9 "He > 3 e0u1g SMS aeindusog jo uopepunog ‘owsoueg pur, st02-¥e wi i ee SEM ERATION [SEPT. 2016] FOUNDATION OF CoMPUniaE ce! TE : ETCS-299) * SCHENCE MM.:30 all. Question 1is compulsory. All questions carry equal ixplain in brief, : ‘or natural nuribers & and m, ifm =km +1 objects are distributed among m sets, then the pigeonhole principle asserts that at least sets will contain at least h + 1 objects, For arbitrary n and m this generalizes in ~ 1m] +1, where. the pigeonhole principle shows thatthe: | with the same number of people. As the shaken, and each person can shake hand: creates n — 1 possible holes. ryt ‘fone person shakes hands with no one there cannot Teaves n people tobe placed in at bea person who shakes Speke ~~ Q.1.(b) Write the cone fw ee nt Aff: X > ¥ fis said to be st Q.1. (c) Compute truth table é ‘Ans. par (pea) v(-4 <7) PTT rat thefnction tbe surjective? stanton whose mage eal 9 its colomain Sr toninYneupecvettfrevry yin surjective if ofp omy caer Qa. me FIRST TERM EXAMINATION [SEPT, 2016] i rounpa> NPEMESTER [B.TECH F OF COMPUTER E [ETCS_293) sence Time: 1.5 Hrs, M.M.:30 x ofq Note: Attempt three questions in all. Quey ‘Seomplsory Al questions carry equal tural nurhbers& and m, ifn =km +1 ible asserts thatat least ‘and this generalizes " Irenere aren people who can shake hand withane aot the pigeonhole principle shows that the, is always a pair of people who the same nun lemust be empty lo tohave another person who ands with noone there eannot 8 n people to be placed in at shakes hands with nobody; i bea porson who sh: ex | ‘most i non-empty 2 f Ans. A surjective function is a fu Equivalently, a funetion f with domai 2 |: there exists atleast one x in X with f ¥ |. 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