Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

“Ecommerce Website”

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted to

Department of Computer Application

Reliance College

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelors in Computer Application

Submitted by

Sanskar Satyal and Aashish Rai

Reg No:- 6-2-522-193-2020 and 6-2-522-171-2020

March, 2023

Under the Supervision of

Er.Sahodar Dhungana

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 Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Reliance College

Supervisor’s Recommendation

I hereby recommend that this project prepared under my supervision by Sanskar Satyal
and Aashish Rai entitled “Ecommerce Website” in particular fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Computer Application is recommended for the
final evaluation.

….………………..

SIGNATURE

Er.Sahodar Dhungana

Department of Computer Application

Chabahil, Saraswatinagar, Kathmandu 44600

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 Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Reliance College

LETTER OF APPROVAL
This is to certify that this project prepared by Sanskar Satyal and Aashish Rai entitled
“Ecommerce Website” in particular fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor in Computer Application has been evaluated. In our opinion It is satisfactory in
the scope and quality as a project for the required degree.

….…………………… ….……………………

Er.Sahodar Dhungana Mr.Bal Ram Rai

Supervisor Coordinator

Chabahil, Saraswatinagar, Kathmandu Chabahil, Saraswatinagar, Kathmandu

44600 44600

….…………………… ….……………………

Internal Examiner External Examiner

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 Reliance College
Ref No:

Date:

Subject: Approval of Project Proposal

The project entitled “Ecommerce Website” proposed by Sanskar Satyal and Aashish Rai
for the partial fulfillment of the requirement for Bachelor in Computer Application
(BCA), fourth semester has been approved for further development.

Proposal Evaluation Committee

1. _________________________
2. _________________________
3. _________________________
4. _________________________

….…………………………

Mr.

Campus Chief (.)

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Acknowledgment

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all those who have contributed to this
project. First and foremost, we are grateful to our project supervisor, Sahodar
Dhungana, who provided us with invaluable guidance, feedback, and support throughout
the entire project. His/her knowledge, expertise, and dedication were instrumental in
helping us to develop and execute our research project successfully.

We would also like to extend our thanks to Sahodar Dhungana who served as members
of our project committee. Their insightful feedback, constructive criticism, and
suggestions were crucial in helping us to refine our project goals, research methodology,
and analysis.

We are also grateful to the participants who generously gave their time and energy to take
part in our study. Without their participation, this project would not have been possible.
Their willingness to share their experiences, perspectives, and insights with us was truly
inspiring, and we are honored to have had the opportunity to work with them.

We would also like to thank our colleagues who provided valuable feedback and
suggestions on various aspects of the project. Their support, encouragement, and
constructive criticism helped us to stay focused and motivated throughout the project.

Yours Sincerely

Sanskar Satyal and Aashish Rai

Barcob

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Abstract
To be successful, e-commerce websites need to have a user-friendly interface, clear
product descriptions, competitive pricing, secure payment processing, and efficient order
fulfillment and delivery. E-commerce websites can range from small, niche online stores
to large, multinational platforms, and can offer a wide variety of products and services,
including physical goods, digital products, and subscription services. Barcob, an e-
commerce website, aims to introduce a new online platform for buying and selling
products in various categories. Barcob will offer a user-friendly and intuitive interface,
making it easy for customers to browse and purchase products. The website will focus on
providing a curated selection of high-quality products at competitive prices, sourced from
reputable suppliers. Additionally, Barcob will incorporate secure payment processing and
fast and reliable order fulfillment to ensure a smooth customer experience. Overall, the
Barcob e-commerce website aims to provide a convenient and enjoyable shopping
experience for customers while establishing a profitable and sustainable business.

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 Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction....................................................................1
Chapter 2 Problem Statement..........................................................2
Chapter 3 Objectives.......................................................................3
Chapter 4 Methodology...................................................................4
i. Requirement Identification................................................6
a. Study of Existing System.............................................6
b. Requirement Collection...............................................7
ii. Feasibility Study................................................................9
a. Technical Feasibility..................................................10
b. Operational Feasibility...............................................10
c. Economic Feasibility.................................................10
iii. High Level Design of System..........................................10
a. System Flow Chart....................................................11
b. Data Flow Diagram...................................................12
c. User Case Diagram....................................................13
Chapter 5 Gantt Chart...................................................................15
Chapter 6 Expected Outcome........................................................16
Chapter 7 Bibliography.................................................................17

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List of Figures

1) Waterfall Model ………………………………………………………6

2) System Flow Chart……………………………………………………11

3) Data Flow Diagram……………………………………………………12

4) Admin use case diagram………………………………………………13

5) Student use case diagram……………………………………………...14

6) Gantt Chart …………………………………………………………….15

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Chapter 1 Introduction

An e-commerce website, by definition, is a website that allows you to buy and sell
tangible goods, digital products or services online. Trade, be it barter exchange or buying
and selling of goods and services has been prevalent for centuries. No one can be self-
sufficient. And this brings out the need for demand and supply of goods and services. In
today's digital era, having an online presence is essential for businesses to succeed. An E
commerce website provides an easy and convenient platform for customers to make
purchases and interact with your business.

Our proposal offers a comprehensive solution that will help you establish a successful E
commerce website and drive sales. As Addison-Wesley [1] describes in his book, that
many companies employ e-commerce to provide marketing channels, to target micro-
segments or small audiences, and to provide post-sales costumer satisfaction to the user.
Kiang,M.Y., et al [2] make a statement that people are often reluctant to buy a product
that they don't see and touch and Lee,Turban[3] purpose that the merchant integrity and
proper review system can bring the customer to purchase Liu, Marchewka et al[4] also
purpose that having a strong privacy and security system also make a customer build a
trust on a E commerce website .A good and simple design can help a customer properly
navigate through a website making them more comfortable and more likely to use the
website for any purpose Nielsen[5].

A company uses e-commerce to target different audiences and market segment that helps
to saturate the business. It provides a new gateway for small business to establish without
much overhead of reaching out to clients by themselves.

The project aims at the following :

 Automation of product manipulation.

 Buying products.

 To manage information of different types of items.

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2. Problem Statement

As a business, you may be facing challenges such as limited reach, low sales, and an
overall lack of online presence. These challenges can be addressed by developing a robust
Ecommerce website that will help you reach a wider audience and increase sales. The
purpose of any e-commerce website is to help customers narrow down their broad ideas
and enable them to finalize the products they want to purchase. For example, suppose a
customer is interested in purchasing a mobile. His or her search for a mobile should list
mobile brands, operating systems on mobiles, screen size of mobiles, and all other
features as facets. As the customer selects more and more features or options from the
facets provided, the search narrows down to a small list of mobiles that suit his or her
choice. If the list is small enough and the customer likes one of the mobiles listed, he or
she will make the purchase.

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3. Objectives

1. Create a set of requirements for a Website for small businesses based on

research

2. Returning to different parts of the site after adding an item to the shopping cart.

3. Easy scanning and selecting items in a list.

4. Effective categorical organization of products.

5. Simple navigation from home page to information and order links for specific
products.

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Chapter 4 Methodology

In the following section we will focus on the definition of a system development

methodology and give some background information on the essence of system
development methodologies. The whole purpose of system development is the
enhancement of the productivity of the organization and the group of people working in
that organization, as system development got bigger there was a need to systemize the
process of system development and come up with a set of steps that are required for any
system development

A method describes the activities involved in defining, building, and implementing a

system; a method is a framework. Since a method is a logical process for constructing
systems process. The definition does not mention the reason why the organizations want
to follow those steps in system development, but it seems very obvious that one of the
goals was to facilitate tracking problems whenever they might occur, and build better and
successful systems.

The waterfall model is a software development methodology that emphasizes a linear,

sequential approach to building software. It consists of a series of phases that must be
completed in order, with each phase serving as the input for the next phase. The phases
typically include requirements gathering, design, implementation, testing, deployment,
and maintenance.

Clear design if the design for the website is clear and well-established, then the waterfall
model can be a good choice. This is because the design phase of the waterfall model
allows for a detailed design to be created before any coding begins, which can help to
ensure that the final product is well-structured and meets the requirements.

Limited changes if the website is unlikely to undergo significant changes once

development has begun, then the waterfall model can be an effective approach. This is
because the linear nature of the waterfall model means that changes made in later phases
can be difficult and costly to implement.

The waterfall model can be applied to the development process of an e-commerce website
as follows:

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1. Requirements Gathering: In this phase, you need to gather all the requirements
for the e-commerce website from the client or stakeholders. You need to
understand the nature of their business, target audience, products or services they
offer, payment gateways, shipping options, and other important details that are
necessary for the website.

2. Design: In this phase, you need to create a detailed design for the e-commerce
website based on the requirements gathered. The design should include
wireframes, user interface design, information architecture, and the overall look
and feel of the website.

3. Development: In this phase, you will start the actual development of the e-
commerce website. This includes developing the front-end and back-end of the
website, integrating payment gateways, shopping carts, and other e-commerce
functionalities.

4. Testing: In this phase, you need to perform various types of testing to ensure that
the e-commerce website is functioning properly. This includes unit testing,
integration testing, functional testing, and user acceptance testing.

5. Deployment: Once the testing is complete, the e-commerce website is ready for
deployment. You need to deploy the website on the production server, and
perform final checks to ensure that everything is working correctly.

6. Maintenance: After the deployment, you need to provide ongoing maintenance

and support for the e-commerce website. This includes fixing any bugs, updating
the website with new features, and providing technical support to the clients.

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 Fig:1 Waterfall model
i. Requirement Identification

To ensure that the software development project is successful, we have to identified and
understood the requirements of the client that includes: The software must be cloud-based
to enable remote access. The software must have a user-friendly interface that is easy to
navigate and understand. The software must be customizable to meet the specific needs of
the client's business processes. The software must have robust security measures to
protect sensitive information. The software must have detailed reporting and analytics
capabilities to help the client make informed decisions. The software must be scalable to
accommodate future growth and changes in the client's business needs.

a. Study of Existing System

It helps to identify the current state of the system, its strengths and weaknesses, and
areas for improvement. Its includes a brief description of the current system, its
purpose, and its users. It involves an assessment of the requirements of the current
system, including its functionality, performance, and usability. It includes a review of
the current system's limitations, such as inefficiencies, bottlenecks, and
vulnerabilities. It involves gathering feedback from users of the current system to
identify areas for improvement. Based on the analysis of the current system, the
proposal may outline proposed changes or upgrades to improve the system's
performance, functionality, and user experience.

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 I. Issue and Limitation

A proposal sample may have some common issues and limitations .The proposal may not
clearly communicate the purpose, goals, and objectives of the project, leading to
confusion and misunderstanding. The proposal may not provide enough information
about the problem or issue being addressed, the target audience, or the market demand,
making it difficult to assess the feasibility and potential impact of the project. The
proposal may not have a realistic or specific timeline for completing the project, leading
to delays and cost overruns. The proposal may not have a sufficient budget or resources to
achieve the desired outcomes, which can compromise the quality of the project .The
proposal may not have a clear plan for evaluating the success of the project or measuring
its impact, making it difficult to assess its effectiveness. The proposal may have
grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, or poor formatting, which can detract from its
credibility and professionalism.

II. Solution

We propose a custom software solution that will address their pain points and provide
them with a modern, efficient system. We will design and develop a user-friendly
interface that is easy to navigate and understand, making it simple for the client's
employees to use the software. Our solution will be customizable to meet the specific
needs of the client's business processes, allowing them to tailor the software to their
specific requirements. Our solution will have robust security measures to protect sensitive
information, including secure login and data encryption. Our solution will have detailed
reporting and analytics capabilities, providing the client with valuable insights into their
business operations and enabling them to make informed decisions. Our solution will be
scalable, able to accommodate future growth and changes in the client's business needs.

b. Requirement Collection

The project may require certain collections of information to be included to

provide a comprehensive understanding of the proposed project. It includes a list of
specific requirements that the proposed project must meet, such as functional
requirements, performance requirements, or user requirements. It includes a clear

7
definition of the scope of the proposed project, including what is in and out of scope, to
avoid misunderstandings and scope creep. It includes a proposed timeline for completing
the project, including milestones and deliverables. It includes a detailed breakdown of the
proposed budget for the project, including all costs associated with the project, such as
personnel, equipment, and materials. It includes any additional documentation that
supports the proposed project, such as market research, feasibility studies, or user
feedback. Any process of requirement collection has two parts:

1. Functional Requirement:
The requirement that has been used in Barcob as the functional requirements
generally includes that function such as input, the processing and the final output. The
functional requirement of Barcob are mentioned below:
a) User Module:
i. User login
ii. Register
iii. Buy Product
iv. Search Product
v. Rating Product
vi. Review product
vii. Refund Product
viii. Payment Product
ix. User Logout

b) Admin Module:
i. Admin Login
ii. Add Product
iii. View Product
iv. Delete Product
v. Update Product
vi. Managing Orders
vii. Managing Content
viii. Managing User Date
ix. Admin Logout

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 c) Purchase Module:
i. Can purchase products
ii. Can purchase service
d) Sales Module:
i. Can manage sales invoice
ii. Subscription based
iii. Customer to customer
iv. Business to customer
v. Drop shipping

2. Non-Functional Requirement:

Non-functional Requirement refers to the criteria that are not directly related to the
system's functionality but are equally important for the system's success. Non-
functional requirements are usually more technical in nature and define how the
system should perform or behave. Some non-functional requirement of Barcob are:
i. Performance
ii. Security
iii. Usability
iv. Reliability
v. Scalability
vi. Maintainability
vii. hAccessibility

ii. Feasibility Study

The feasibility study is an important component of a proposal, as it assesses the

practicality and viability of the proposed project. A feasibility study may include a
review of the current market conditions, including supply and demand, competition,
and pricing, to determine the potential market for the proposed project .It involves an
assessment of alternative approaches to achieving the goals of the proposed project,
to determine the most feasible and cost-effective approach.

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a. Technical Feasibility

This study is carried out to check the technical feasibility , that is the technical
requirements of the system. It includes evaluation of the technical requirements of the
proposed project assessment of the availability of necessary hardware, software, and other
resources and identification of potential technical risks and challenges.

b. Operational Feasibility

The aspect of study is to check the level of acceptance of the system the user .It includes
assessment of the ability of the organization to implement and maintain the proposed
project, identification of potential operational risks and challenges and assessment of the
compatibility of the proposed project with existing systems and processes.

c. Economic Feasibility

This study is carried out to check the economic impact that the project will have on the
system and on the organization includes detailed financial analysis of the proposed
project, identification of projected revenues, costs, and profits and analysis of the return
on investment Identification of potential economic risks and challenges.

iii. High Level Design of System

The high-level design of a system is used in an e-commerce website to provide a

blueprint for how the site will be organized and how it will function. This is a critical step
in the development of an e-commerce website because it helps to ensure that the site
meets the needs of its users, is easy to navigate, and is able to handle the volume of traffic
and transactions that it is likely to receive.

a) System Flow Chart

A system flowchart for an e-commerce website can help to provide a visual
representation of how the various components of the website interact with each

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 other to provide a seamless user experience. Here is an example of a system
flowchart for an e-commerce website:

Fig: 2. System Flow Chart

b) Data Flow Diagram

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Data Flow Diagram, is a visual representation of the flow of data through a system or
process. In the context of an e-commerce website, a DFD can be used to illustrate the
processes and data flows involved in the website's operation. DFD of an e-commerce
website is a useful tool for understanding and communicating the system's processes and
data flows. It can aid in the development and design of an efficient, effective, and user-
friendly website.

The primary use of a DFD for an e-commerce website is to provide a clear and concise
overview of the system's processes, inputs, outputs, and data flows. By using a DFD,
stakeholders, including developers, designers, and project managers, can better
understand the system's architecture and functionality. This understanding can aid in the
planning, design, and implementation of the website

Fig: 3. Data Flow Diagram(Level 1)

c) Use Case Diagram

 Admin :

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 Fig 4: Admin. Use case

 User

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Fig 5: User. Use case

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Chapter 5 Gantt Chart

Fig: 6 Gantt Chart

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Chapter 6 Expected Outcome

It is important provide a clear understanding of the benefits that the business hopes to
achieve through the website. By outlining the expected outcomes, the proposal can
communicate the value of the website to stakeholders, such as investors, partners, or
clients. It can help to evaluate the success of the e-commerce website and measure its
return on investment. By establishing benchmarks for performance, businesses can track
progress over time and make adjustments as needed to optimize the website for maximum
impact. The following section will provide an example of expected outcomes-

1. Increased sales and revenue by providing customers with a convenient way to

purchase products online.
2. Expanded market reach by targeting customers beyond the local geographic area,
potentially leading to increased brand recognition and growth.
3. Increased customer loyalty and retention by offering personalized customer
experiences and streamlined checkout processes.
4. Improved brand awareness by showcasing a company's products and brand on the
website.
5. Better data collection and analysis, allowing businesses to make data-driven decisions
regarding marketing strategies, product offerings, and more.
6. Increased efficiency and productivity by automating certain processes, such as
inventory management and order fulfillment.
7. Reduced costs compared to brick-and-mortar stores by eliminating overhead
expenses, such as rent and utilities.
8. Access to customer feedback and insights through customer reviews and analytics,
allowing businesses to make informed decisions on improvements.

Chapter 7 Bibliography

[1] Kalakota, R., & Whinston, A. B. (1997). Electronic commerce: A manager's guide.
Addison-Wesley.
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[2] Kiang, M. Y., Raghu, T. S., & Shang, K. H. M. (2000). Marketing research for online
auctions: An exploratory study. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 4(2),
105-122.
[3] Lee, D., & Turban, E. (2001). A trust model for consumer internet shopping.
International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 6(1), 75-91.
[4] Liu, C., Marchewka, J. T., Lu, J., & Yu, C. S. (2005). Beyond concern—a privacy-
trust-behavioral intention model of electronic commerce. Information & Management,
42(2), 289-304.
[5] Nielsen, J. (1999). Designing web usability: The practice of simplicity. New Riders.

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