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AngularMometum - MIT - 8.01 Classical Mechanics

This document contains 5 problems from Problem Set 11 of the 8.01x Classical Mechanics course at MIT. The problems involve calculating angular velocities and speeds for systems involving objects colliding with or moving along pivoted rings, rods, and planetary orbits. Expressing the answers in terms of given parameters like masses, distances, speeds, and physical constants is required.

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68 views6 pages

AngularMometum - MIT - 8.01 Classical Mechanics

This document contains 5 problems from Problem Set 11 of the 8.01x Classical Mechanics course at MIT. The problems involve calculating angular velocities and speeds for systems involving objects colliding with or moving along pivoted rings, rods, and planetary orbits. Expressing the answers in terms of given parameters like masses, distances, speeds, and physical constants is required.

Uploaded by

kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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8.

01x Classical Mechanics, Fall 2016 Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Problem Set 11
1. Bug Walking on Pivoted Ring
A ring of radius R and mass m1 lies on its side on a frictionless table. It is pivoted to
the table at its rim. A bug of mass m2 walks on the ring with constant speed v relative
to the ring, starting at the pivot, when the ring is initially at rest. Take kˆ to point out
of the page.

(a) What is the angular velocity of the ring when the bug is halfway around? Express
ˆ
you answer in terms of some or all of the following: m1 , m2 , v, R and k.
(b) What is the angular velocity of the ring when the bug is back at the pivot?
ˆ
Express you answer in terms of some or all of the following: m1 , m2 , v, R and k.
8.01x Classical Mechanics: Problem Set 11 2

2. A Rigid Rod

A rigid uniform rod of length d and mass m is lying at rest on a horizontal frictionless
table and pivoted at the point P. A point-like object of mass m is moving to the right
with speed v. It collides and sticks to the rod at a distance 2d/3 from the pivot. A
second point-like object of mass m is moving to the left (see figure) with speed v and
collides with the rod at exactly the same instant as the first particle at a distance d/3
from the pivot. The moment of inertia of a rod for axis through the center of mass
1
and perpendicular to the plane of the rod is Icm = 12 md2 . After the collision, the rod
and the two particles all rotate about the pivot point with angular speed ωf .

(a) What is the component of the angular speed ωf of the two particles and the rod
immediately after the collision? Express your answer in terms of d, m, and v, as
needed. Assume clockwise (into the page) to be positive.
(b) What is the ratio of the change in kinetic energy to the initial kinetic energy of
K −K
the system, fKi i ? Express your answer in terms of d, m, and v, as needed.
8.01x Classical Mechanics: Problem Set 11 3

3. Elastic Collision Between Ball and Pivoted Rod


A rigid rod of length d and mass m is lying on a horizontal frictionless table and pivoted
at the point P on one end (shown in the figure). A point-like object of the same mass
m is moving to the right (see figure) with speed vi . It collides elastically with the rod
at the midpoint of the rod and rebounds backwards with speed vf . After the collision,
the rod rotates clockwise about its pivot point P with angular speed ωf . The moment
1
of inertia of a rod about the center of mass is Icm = 12 md2 .

d/2 d/2
vi vf
cm cm
f

. .
d/2 d/2

P P

Find the angular speed ωf . Express your answer in terms of d, m and vi as needed.
8.01x Classical Mechanics: Problem Set 11 4

4. Elastic Collision of Object and Pivoted Ring


A rigid hoop of radius R and mass mR is lying on a horizontal frictionless table and
pivoted at the point P (shown in the figure below). A point-like object of mass m is
moving to the right with speed v0 . It collides elastically with the hoop at its midpoint.
After the collision, the object is moving with an unknown speed vf to the left and
the hoop rotates counterclockwise about its pivot point with angular speed ωf . The
moment of inertia of a hoop for axis through the center of mass and perpendicular to
the plane of the hoop is Icm = mR R2 .

What is the speed vf of the object immediately after the collision? Express your answer
in terms of R, m, mR , and v0 as needed (do not use ωf in your answer).
8.01x Classical Mechanics: Problem Set 11 5

5. A Spaceship and a Planet

Spaceship 1 has mass m1 and is moving with speed v1 in a circular orbit of radius R
around a planet of mass mp . Spaceship 2 has mass m2 and is moving in an elliptical
orbit around the same planet. The mass of the planet is much, much greater than
the mass of either spaceship. When spaceship 2 is at its furthest distance 3R from
the planet, it is moving with speed v2 . When spaceship 2 is at its closest distance
R from the planet, it is moving with speed vp . The two spaceships are orbiting in
the same plane as shown in the figures above. At a later time, both spaceships arrive
nearly simultaneously at a point corresponding to the closest approach of spaceship 2.
Spaceship 2 fires its rockets in order to reach the same speed v1 as spaceship 1 in order
to dock together. You may assume that the elapsed time interval for docking is very
small compared to the orbital periods of the spaceships. Let G be Newton’s universal
constant of gravity.
What is the change in the speed, ∆v = v1 − vp , of spaceship 2 in order for the two
spaceships to dock together? (Does spaceship 2 speed up or slow down in order to
dock?) Express your answer only in terms of G, R and mp .
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8.01 Classical Mechanics


Fall 2016

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