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Introduction To Electromagnetics

The document introduces electromagnetics as the study of electric and magnetic fields and their interactions. It discusses the differences between static and applied electromagnetics. Examples are given of applications of static electromagnetics like electrostatic painting and magnetic resonance imaging. Vector analysis concepts like dot and cross products are covered. Different coordinate systems - Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical - are introduced and used to describe points and vectors in 3D space. Differential lengths, areas, and volumes are defined for each coordinate system.

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Trista Yx
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12 views32 pages

Introduction To Electromagnetics

The document introduces electromagnetics as the study of electric and magnetic fields and their interactions. It discusses the differences between static and applied electromagnetics. Examples are given of applications of static electromagnetics like electrostatic painting and magnetic resonance imaging. Vector analysis concepts like dot and cross products are covered. Different coordinate systems - Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical - are introduced and used to describe points and vectors in 3D space. Differential lengths, areas, and volumes are defined for each coordinate system.

Uploaded by

Trista Yx
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION

1
Introduction
• Electromagnetics (EM) may be regarded as
the study of the interactions between
electric charges at rest and in motion. It
entails the analysis, synthesis, physical
interpretation, and application of electric
and magnetic fields.

• Electromagnetics (EM) is a branch of


physics or electrical engineering in which
electric and magnetic phenomena are
studied.
2
KIE2007 vs KIE3004

BASIC ELECTROMAGNETICS (Static)

VS

APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETICS
(Dynamic)

3
Why Study
Static Electromagnetics

Electrostatic Painting

Electrostatic
precipitator

4
Why Study
Static Electromagnetics

Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI)

5
Why Study Electromagnetics
Crosstalk Analysis in Microchip

Satellite Comm. /
Radio Astronomy

6
Circuit Theory vs
Electromagnetic Theory

7
VECTOR ANALYSIS

8
Fundamental Electromagnetic Field
Quantities

• All 4 quantities are point function (defined at


every point in space) and are functions of space
coordinates.

9
Universal Constants

10
Unit Vector, Addition & Subtraction

11
Dot Product
• The dot product of two vectors A and B, wrilten as A • B. is defined
geometrically as the product of the magnitudes of A and B and the
cosine of the angle between them.

12
Cross Product
• The cross product of two vectors A and B, written as A X B is a
vector quantity whose magnitude is the area of the parallelopiped
formed by A and B and is in the direction of advance of a right-
handed screw as A is turned into B.

13
14
COORDINATE SYSTEMS
AND TRANSFORMATION
(Cartesian, Circular Cylindrical, and
Spherical)

15
Importance
• Physical quantities in EM are functions of
space and time.
• To describe the spatial variations of the
quantities, we must be able to define all
points uniquely in space in a suitable
manner. This requires using an
appropriate coordinate system.

16
CARTESIAN COORDINATES
(x, y, z)

17
CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL COORDINATES
(p, Φ, z)

18
Cartesian Cylindrical

19
20
21
SPHERICAL COORDINATES
(r, θ, Φ)

22
23
24
25
Example
Given point P (-2, 6, 3) and vector
A = yax + (x + z)ay, express P and A in
cylindrical and spherical coordinates.
Evaluate A at P in the Cartesian and
Cylindrical.

26
Differential Length, Area and Volume
• Cartesian Coordinate Systems

27
28
• Cylindrical Coordinate Systems

29
30
• Spherical Coordinate Systems

31
32

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