ALLEN® Function 1

6. If [x] be the greatest integer less than or equal to x,

FUNCTION
100 é ( -1)n n ù
1. Let [x] denote the greatest integer < x, where x Î R. then å ê
n =8 ë 2 û
ú is equal to :

If the domain of the real valued function (1) 0 (2) 4 (3) –2 (4) 2
[x] - 2 7. Consider function f : A ® B and
f(x) = is (–¥,a) È [b,c) È [4, ¥),a < b < c,
[x] - 3 g : B ® C (A, B, C Í R) such that (gof)–1
then the value of a + b + c is : exists, then:
(1) f and g both are one-one
(1) 8 (2) 1 (3) –2 (4) –3
(2) f and g both are onto
2. Let f : R - {}
a
6
® R be defined by (3) f is one-one and g is onto
(4) f is onto and g is one-one
5x + 3
f (x) = . Then the value of a for which 8. Let S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}. Then the number
6x - a
of possible functions f : S ® S such that
(fof)(x) = x, for all x Î R - {}
a
6
, is :
f(m·n) = f(m)·f(n) for every m, n Î S and
(1) No such a exists (2) 5 m · n Î S is equal to______.
(3) 8 (4) 6 9. Let f : R ® R be defined as
3. Let [x] denote the greatest integer less than or equal
æ1ö
to x. Then, the values of x Î R satisfying the f(x + y) + f(x – y) = 2 f(x) f(y), f ç ÷ = -1.
è2ø
equation [ex]2 + [ex + 1] – 3 = 0 lie in the interval :
Then,
é 1ö
(1) ê0, ÷ (2) [loge2, loge3) 20
1
ë eø the value of å sin(k)sin(k + f (k))
k =1
is equal to :
(3) [1, e) (4) [0, loge2)
4. Let A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}. Then the number (1) cosec2(21) cos(20) cos(2)
of bijective functions ƒ : A ® A such that (2) sec2(1) sec(21) cos(20)
ƒ(1) + ƒ(2) = 3 – ƒ(3) is equal to (3) cosec2(1) cosec(21) sin(20)
node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\Function

5. Let g : N ® N be defined as (4) sec2(21) sin(20) sin(2)

g(3n + 1) = 3n + 2,
æ1+ x ö
g(3n + 2) = 3n + 3, 10. The domain of the function cosec-1 ç ÷ is :
è x ø
g(3n + 3) = 3n + 1, for all n ³ 0.
Then which of the following statements is true ? æ 1ù é 1 ö
(1) ç -1, - ú È (0, ¥) (2) ê - , 0 ÷ È [1, ¥)
è 2û ë 2 ø
(1) There exists an onto function f : N ® N
such that fog = f æ 1 ö é 1 ö
(3) ç - , ¥ ÷ - {0} (4) ê - , ¥ ÷ - {0}
(2) There exists a one–one function f: N ® N è 2 ø ë 2 ø
such that fog = f 11. Let f : N ® N be a function such that
(3) gogog = g
f(m + n) = f(m) + f(n) for every m, n Î N.
(4) There exists a function f : N ® N such that gof = f
If f(6) = 18, then f(2) · f(3) is equal to :
(1) 6 (2) 54 (3) 18 (4) 36

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2 Function ALLEN®
12. The range of the function, x2 - x - 2
17. Let ƒ(x) = sin–1x and g(x) = . If
æ æ 3p ö æp ö æp ö æ 3p ö ö 2x 2 - x - 6
f(x) = log 5 ç 3 + cos ç + x ÷ + cos ç + x ÷ + cos ç - x ÷ - cos ç - x ÷ ÷
è è4 ø è4 ø è4 ø è4 øø
g(2) = lim g(x) , then the domain of the function
is : x®2

(1) ( 0, 5 ) (2) [–2, 2] ƒog is :

é 3 ö
é 1
(3) ê
ù
, 5ú (4) [0, 2] (1) ( -¥, - 2] È ê - , ¥ ÷
ë 5 û ë 2 ø

13. Let f(x) be a polynomial of degree 3 such that (2) ( -¥, - 2 ] È [ - 1, ¥ )

2
f(k) = - for k = 2, 3, 4, 5. Then the value of é 4 ö
k (3) ( -¥, - 2] È ê - , ¥ ÷
ë 3 ø
52 – 10 f(10) is equal to :
(4) ( -¥, - 1] È [ 2, ¥ )
14. Let f, g : N ® N such that

f(n + 1) = f(n) + f(1) " n Î N and g be any 18. Let ƒ be any function defined on R and let it
satisfy the condition :
arbitrary function. Which of the following
|ƒ(x) – ƒ(y)| < |(x – y)2|, " (x,y) Î R
statements is NOT true ?
If ƒ(0) = 1, then :
(1) If fog is one-one, then g is one-one (1) ƒ(x) can take any value in R
(2) If f is onto, then f(n) = n " nÎN (2) ƒ(x) < 0, " x Î R
(3) f is one-one (3) ƒ(x) = 0, " x Î R

(4) If g is onto, then fog is one-one (4) ƒ(x) > 0, " x Î R

19. If a + a = 1, b + b = 2 and
5x
15. A function f(x) is given by f(x) = ,
5x + 5 æ1ö b
af(x) + af ç ÷ = bx + , x ¹ 0, then the value
èxø x
then the sum of the series
æ1ö
æ 1 ö æ 2 ö æ 3 ö æ 39 ö f(x) + f ç ÷
f ç ÷ + f ç ÷ + f ç ÷ + ...... + f ç ÷ is equal è x ø is _______.
node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\Function
è 20 ø è 20 ø è 20 ø è 20 ø of expression
1
x+
to : x
20. The number of solutions of the equation
19 49 29 39
(1) (2) (3) (4) p
2 2 2 2 x + 2 tanx = in the interval [0, 2p] is :
2
16. Let A = {1, 2, 3, ..., 10} and ƒ : A ® A be
(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 2 (4) 5
ì k + 1 if k is odd 21. The inverse of y = 5log x is :
defined as ƒ(k) = í
î k if k is even (1) x = 5logy (2) x = ylog5
1 1
Then the number of possible functions
(3) x = y log 5 (4) x = 5 log y
g : A ® A such that goƒ = ƒ is
(1) 105 (2) 10C5 (3) 55 (4) 5!

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 ALLEN® Function 3

22. If the functions are defined as ƒ ( x ) = x and 23. Let ƒ : R – {3} ® R – {1} be defined by
x -2
g ( x ) = 1 - x , then what is the common ƒ(x) = . Let g : R ® R be given as
x -3
domain of the following functions :
g(x) = 2x – 3. Then, the sum of all the values of
ƒ + g, ƒ – g, ƒ/g, g/ƒ, g – ƒ where (ƒ ± g) (x) =
13
ƒ(x) x for which ƒ–1(x) + g–1(x) = is equal to
ƒ(x) ± g(x), (ƒ/g)(x) = 2
g (x )
(1) 7 (2) 2 (3) 5 (4) 3
(1) 0 < x < 1 (2) 0 < x < 1
(3) 0 < x < 1 (4) 0 < x < 1
node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\Function

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4 Function ALLEN®
SOLUTION 3. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
1. Official Ans. by NTA (3) 2
Sol. é e x ù + é e x + 1ù - 3 = 0
ë û ë û
Sol. For domain,
[x] - 2 2
Þ éë e x ùû + éë e x ùû + 1 - 3 = 0
³0
[x] - 3

Case I : When [x] - 2 ³ 0 Let éë e x ùû = t

and [x] - 3 > 0

Þ t2 + t – 2 = 0
\ x Î (–¥, -3) È [4, ¥) .....(1)
Þ t = – 2, 1
Case II : When [x] - 2 £ 0

and [x] - 3 < 0 é e x ù = -2 (Not possible)

ë û
\ x Î [–2, 3) .....(2)
or éë e x ùû = 1 \ 1 £ e x < 2
So, from (1) and (2)
we get Þ ln(1) £ x < ln(2)
Domain of function
Þ 0 £ x < ln(2)
= (–¥, –3) È [–2, 3) È [4, ¥)
\ (a + b + c) = – 3 + (–2) + 3 = –2 (a < b < c) Þ x Î[0, ln 2)

Þ Option (3) is correct. 4. Official Ans. by NTA (720)

2. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
Sol. f(1) + f(2) = 3 - f(3)
5x + 3
Sol. f(x) = =y ......(i)
6x - a Þ f(1) + f(2) = 3 + f(3) = 3
5x + 3 = 6xy – ay
The only possibility is : 0 + 1 + 2 = 3
x (6y – 5) = ay + 3
Þ Elements 1, 2, 3 in the domain can be
ay + 3
node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\Function
x=
6y - 5 mapped with 0, 1, 2 only.
ax + 3
f –1 (x) = .....(ii) So number of bijective functions.
6x - 5
fo f(x) = x = 3 ´ 5 = 720

f(x) = f–1(x)
From eqn (i) & (ii)
Clearly (a = 5)

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 ALLEN® Function 5
5. Official Ans. by NTA (1) 8. Official Ans. by NTA (490)
Sol. g : N ® N g(3n + 1) = 3n + 2 Sol. F(mn) = f(m). f(n)

g(3n + 2) = 3n + 3 Put m = 1 f(n) = f(1). f(n) Þ f(1) = 1

g(3n + 3) = 3n + 1 Put m = n = 2

é x + 1 x = 3k + 1 ì f(2) = 1 Þ f(4) = 1
ï
g ( x ) = êê x + 1 x = 3k + 2 f ( 4 ) = f ( 2 ) .f ( 2 ) í or
ï f(2) = 2 Þ f(4) = 4
êëx - 2 x = 3k + 3 î
Put m = 2, n = 3
éx + 2 x = 3k + 1
g ( g ( x ) ) = êê x - 1 x = 3k + 2 ìwhen f(2) = 1
ïf(3) = 1 to 7
êë x - 1 x = 3k + 3 ïï
f ( 6 ) = f ( 2 ) .f ( 3 ) í
éx x = 3k + 1 ïf(2) = 2
ï
(
g g ( g ( x )) ) = êêx x = 3k + 2 ïîf(3) = 1 or 2 or3
êëx x = 3k + 3
f(5), f(7) can take any value

If ƒ : N ® N, ƒ is a one-one function such that Total = (1 × 1 × 7 × 1 × 7 × 1 × 7) + (1 × 1 × 3

× 1 × 7 × 1 × 7)
ƒ(g(x)) = ƒ(x) Þ g(x) = x, which is not the case
= 490
If f ƒ : N ® N ƒ is an onto function 9. Official Ans. by NTA (3)

such that ƒ(g(x)) = ƒ(x), Sol. f(x) = cos lx

æ1ö
one possibility is Q f ç ÷ = -1
è2ø
é n x = 3n + 1
l
ƒ ( x ) = êê n x = 3n + 2 n Î N0 So, -1 = cos
2
êë n x = 3n + 3
Þ l = 2p
node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\Function

Here ƒ(x) is onto, also ƒ(g(x)) = ƒ(x) " x Î N Thus f(x) = cos 2px

6. Official Ans. by NTA (2) Now k is natural number

Thus f(k) = 1
100
é (-1) .n ù
n
Sol. åê
n =8 ë 2 û
ú
20
1 1 20
é sin ( ( k + 1) - k ) ù
å sin k sin ( k + 1) = sin1 å êë sin k × sin ( k + 1) úû
k =1 k =1

= 4 – 5 + 5 – 6 + 6 + … – 50 + 50 = 4 1 20
= å ( cot k - cot(k + 1)
sin1 k =1
7. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
cot1 - cot 21
Sol. \ (gof)–1 exist Þ gof is bijective = = cosec 2 1 cosec(21) × sin 20
sin1

Þ ‘ƒ’ must be one-one and ‘g’ must be ONTO

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6 Function ALLEN®
10. Official Ans. by NTA (4) 13. Official Ans. by NTA (26)
1+ x Sol. k f(k) + 2 = l (x – 2) (x –3) (x – 4) (x – 5) ...(1)
Sol. Î (-¥, -1] È [1, ¥ )
x put x = 0
1 1
Î (-¥, -2] È [0, ¥ ) we get l =
x 60
é 1 ö Now put l in equation (1)
x Î ê- ,0 ÷ È (0, ¥)
ë 2 ø 1
Þ kf(k) + 2 = (x – 2) (x – 3) (x – 4) (x – 5)
é 1 ö 60
x Î ê - , ¥ ÷ - {0}
ë 2 ø Put x = 10

11. Official Ans. by NTA (2) 1

Þ 10f(10) + 2 = (8) (7) (6) (5)
60
Sol. ƒ(m + n) = ƒ(m) + ƒ(n)
Þ 52 – 10f(10) = 52 – 26 = 26
Put m = 1, n = 1
14. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
ƒ(2) = 2ƒ(1)
Sol. f(n + 1) – f(n) = f(1)
Put m = 2, n = 1
Þ f(n) = nf (1)
ƒ(3) = ƒ(2) + ƒ(1) = 3ƒ(1)
Þ f is one-one
Put m = 3, n = 3
Now, Let f (g(x2)) = f(g(x1))
ƒ(6) = 2ƒ(3) Þ ƒ(3) = 9
Þ g(x2) = g(x1) (as f is one-one)
Þ ƒ(1) = 3, ƒ(2) = 6
ƒ(2).ƒ(3) = 6 × 9 = 54 Þ x1 = x2 (as fog is one-one)

12. Official Ans. by NTA (4) Þ g is one-one

Sol. f(x) = log Now, f(g(n)) = g(n) f(1)

5
may be many-one if
æ æ 3p ö æp ö æp ö æ 3p öö
ç 3 + cos ç + x ÷ + cos ç + x ÷ + cos ç - x ÷ - cos ç - x ÷÷
g(n) is many-one
è è 4 ø è4 ø è4 ø è 4 øø

é æpö æ 3p ö ù 15. Official Ans. by NTA (4)

f(x) = log ê3 + 2cos èç 4 ø÷ cos ( x ) - 2sin èç 4 ø÷ sin ( x ) ú
5
ë û
5x 5
Sol. ƒ ( x ) = x ƒ (2 - x ) =
[3 + 2 ( cos x - sin x )] 5 +5 5 +5 node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\Function
x
f(x) = log 5

Since – 2 £ cos x – sinx £ 2 ƒ(x) + ƒ(2 – x) = 1

Þ log é 3 + 2 ( - 2 ) £ f ( x ) £ log éë 3 + 2 ( 2 ) ùû ù
ë û æ 1 ö æ 2 ö æ 39 ö
Þ ƒ ç ÷ + ƒ ç ÷ + ... + ƒ ç ÷
5 5

Þ log 5 (1) £ f(x) £ log 5 ( 5 ) è 20 ø è 20 ø è 20 ø

So Range of f(x) is [0, 2] æ æ 1 ö æ 39 ö ö æ æ 19 ö æ 21 ö æ 20 ö ö

= ç ƒ ç ÷ + ƒ ç ÷ ÷ + ... + ç ƒ ç ÷ + ƒ ç ÷ + ƒ ç ÷ ÷
è è 20 ø è 20 ø ø è è 20 ø è 20 ø è 20 ø ø
Option (4)
1 39
= 19 + =
2 2

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 ALLEN® Function 7
16. Official Ans. by NTA (1) 19. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
ìx + 1, if x is odd æ1ö b
Sol. ƒ (x) = í Sol. af(x) + af ç ÷ = bx + ....(1)
î x, if x is even èxø x

Q g : A ® A such that g(ƒ(x)) = ƒ(x) 1

replace x by
x
Þ If x is even then g(x) = x ...(1)
æ1ö b
If x is odd then g(x + 1) = x + 1 ...(2) af ç ÷ + a f ( x ) = + b x ....(2)
èxø x
from (1) and (2) we can say that
g(x) = x if x is even (1) + (2)

Þ If x is odd then g(x) can take any value in set A æ1ö 1

(a + a )f(x) + (a + a )f ç ÷ = x(b + b) + (b + b)
so number of g(x) = 105 × 1 èxø x
17. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
æ1ö
Sol. Domain of fog(x) = sin–1(g(x)) f(x) + f ç ÷
è x ø = b+b = 2 = 2
3 1 a+a 1
Þ |g(x)| £ 1, g(2) = x+
7 x
x2 - x - 2
£1 20. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
2x2 - x - 6
p
( x + 1)( x - 2 ) £1
Sol. x + 2 tan x =
2
( 2x + 3 )( x - 2 )
x +1 x +1 p
£ 1 and ³ -1 Þ 2 tan x = -x
2x + 3 2x + 3 2
x + 1 - 2x - 3 x + 1 + 2x + 3
£ 0 and ³0 1 p
2x + 3 2x + 3 Þ tan x = - x +
2 4
x+2 3x + 4
³ 0 and ³0 y=tanx
2x + 3 2x + 3
y
é 4 ö
x Î ( -¥, - 2] È ê- , ¥ ÷
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ë 3 ø
18. Official Ans. by NTA (4) x

ƒ (x) - ƒ (y)
Sol. £ (x - y)
(x - y)
x=2p
p x=p 3p
x – y = h let Þx=y+h x= 2 x= 2
1 p
y= 2 x +
ƒ (y + h ) - ƒ (y) 4
lim £0
x®0 h Number of soluitons of the given eauation is '3'.
Þ |ƒ'(y)| £ 0 Þ ƒ'(y) = 0
Ans. (1)
Þ ƒ(y) = k (constant)
and ƒ(0) = 1 given
So, ƒ(y) = 1 Þ ƒ(x) = 1

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8 Function ALLEN®
21. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
Allen Ans. (1 or 2 or 3) 23. Official Ans. by NTA
Sol. Given y = 5 ( log a x)
= ƒ(x) (3)

Interchanging x & y for inverse x-2

Sol. ƒ(x) = y =
x-3
x = 5(
log a y )
= y (log a 5 )
3y - 2
option (1) or option (2) \ x=
y -1
Further, from given relation
3x - 2
log5y = logax \ ƒ -1 ( x ) =
x -1
Þ x = a ( log 5 y)
= y (log 5 a ) & g(x) = y = 2x – 3
æ 1 ö y+3
Þ x=y
ç ÷
è log a 5 ø
= ƒ -1 (y) \ x=
2
option (3) x+3
\ g -1 ( x ) =
22. Official Ans. by NTA (3) 2
Sol. ƒ(x) + g(x) = x + 1 - x , domain [0, 1] 13
Q ƒ-1 ( x ) + g-1 ( x ) =
2
ƒ(x) – g(x) = x - 1 - x , domain [0, 1]
x1
g(x) – ƒ(x) = 1 - x - x , domain [0, 1] \ x2 – 5x + 6 = 0
x2
ƒ ( x) x
= , domain [0, 1) \ sum of roots
g(x) 1- x
x1 + x2 = 5
g(x ) 1- x
= , domain (0, 1]
ƒ ( x) x
So, common domain is (0, 1)

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