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    Nonexperiment

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    graciellainepantaleon
    The document discusses different types of experimental and non-experimental research designs. There are three main types of experimental designs: 1) pre-experimental designs which observe dependent variables after treatment without random assignment; 2) quasi-experimental designs which use carefully selected rather than randomized subjects; and 3) true experimental designs which use random assignment to a control and treatment group. Non-experimental designs include cross-sectional research which compares pre-existing groups, correlational research which examines relationships between continuous variables, and observational research which observes behavior without manipulation.

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    Nonexperiment

    Uploaded by

    graciellainepantaleon
    23 views21 pages
    The document discusses different types of experimental and non-experimental research designs. There are three main types of experimental designs: 1) pre-experimental designs which observe dependent variables after treatment without random assignment; 2) quasi-experimental designs which use carefully selected rather than randomized subjects; and 3) true experimental designs which use random assignment to a control and treatment group. Non-experimental designs include cross-sectional research which compares pre-existing groups, correlational research which examines relationships between continuous variables, and observational research which observes behavior without manipulation.

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    types of non experimental research

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    nonexperiment

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    The document discusses different types of experimental and non-experimental research designs. There are three main types of experimental designs: 1) pre-experimental designs which observe dependent variables after treatment without random assignment; 2) quasi-experimental designs which use carefully selected rather than randomized subjects; and 3) true experimental designs which use random assignment to a control and treatment group. Non-experimental designs include cross-sectional research which compares pre-existing groups, correlational research which examines relationships between continuous variables, and observational research which observes behavior without manipulation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    23 views21 pages

    Nonexperiment

    Uploaded by

    graciellainepantaleon
    The document discusses different types of experimental and non-experimental research designs. There are three main types of experimental designs: 1) pre-experimental designs which observe dependent variables after treatment without random assignment; 2) quasi-experimental designs which use carefully selected rather than randomized subjects; and 3) true experimental designs which use random assignment to a control and treatment group. Non-experimental designs include cross-sectional research which compares pre-existing groups, correlational research which examines relationships between continuous variables, and observational research which observes behavior without manipulation.

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    of 21

    TYPES OF

    EXPERIMENTAL
    AND NON-
    EXPERIMENTAL
    DESIGNS
    Presented By
    Ronna Tan, Lorie Jean
    Quisel Antiquina, Eller
    Alesoso, Saromines, shiva
    Mae
    EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
    DESIGN
    The types of research that uses a scientific approach towards manipulating one
    or more control variables of the research subject and measuring the effect of this
    manipulation of control variables.
    methods used to collect data in experimental studies

    02
    3 MAIN TYPES OF

    EXPERIMENTAL

    RESEARCH

    03
    1. PRE-EXPERIMENTAL
    RESEARCH
    The simplest form of research, and is carried out by observing a
    group or groups of dependent variables after the treatment of an
    independent variable which is presumed to cause change on the
    group. It is further divided into three types.

    One-shot case study research


    One group pretest-posttest research
    Static-group comparison

    04
    2. QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL
    RESEACH
    The Quasi type of experimental research is similar to true
    experimental research, but uses carefully selected rather than
    randomized subjects. the following are examples of quasi-
    experimental research:

    Time series
    No equivalent control group design
    Counterbalanced design

    05
    3. TRUE EXPERIMENTAL
    RESEARCH
    The most accurate type and may simply be called experimental research. It
    manipulates a control group towards a group of randomly selected subjects and
    records the effect of this manipulation. True experimental research can be
    further classified into the following groups:
    The posttest-only control group
    The pretest-posttest control group
    Solomon four-group Pros of True Experimental Research
    Research can be combined with other research methods
    The research process is usually well structured
    It provides specific conclusions
    The result of experimental research can be easily duplicated

    06
    1 It high prone to human

    Exerting control over extraneous


    CONS OF 2 variables may lead to the personal bias

    TRUE
    of the researcher

    EXPERIMEN
    3 It is time-consuming

    TAL 4 It is expensive

    RESEARCH 5
    Manipulating control variables may have
    ethical implications

    6 It produces artificial results


    NON-EXPERIMENTAL
    RESEARCH DESIGN
    describes a phenomenon or a situation
    relationships and defferences between variables are studied
    does not introduce intervention it is purely descriptive in nature
    does not involve the manipulation of control or independent variables.
    it measures variables as they naturally occur without any further
    manipulation.

    07
    TYPES OF NON-
    EXPERIMENTAL
    DESIGNS
    1. Cross-sectional research
    2. Correlational research
    3. Observational research

    Back to Agenda 05
    CROSS- SECTIONAL
    RESEARCH

    involves the comparison of the two or more pre-existing groups of people


    under the same criteria.
    Use groups that already exist (like comparing men vs. women or different
    ethnicities or age groups)
    this approach is classified as non-experimental because the groups are
    not selected and the independent variables is not manipulated.
    -data are collected at one point in time, often in order to make comparison
    across different types of respondents participants.

    08
    CROSS- SECTIONAL RESEARCH

    08
    CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH

    use when interested in relationship between continuous (aka


    numerical variables
    types of research compares statistical relationship between
    two variables
    it is classified as non-experimental because it does not
    manipulate the independent variables

    11
    TWO ASPECTS OF
    CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH

    1.DIRECTION

    Positive correlation
    Negative Correlation
    Zero

    2. MAGNITUDE

    1
    POSITIVE CORRELATION

    -indicates that there is a positive relationship between


    the two variables

    (as one variables increases, the other variables also


    increases)

    Money Happiness 1
    NEGATIVE CORRELATION

    -shows negative relationship between the two variables

    (as one variables increases, the other variable decreases)

    The more student skipped classes the less student get high exam scores

    1
    ZERO CORRELATION

    -there is no relationship between the two variables


    –A change in one variables does not lead to any changes in the other variable

    Example:
    An increase in height does not lead to any changes in the intelligence of a person

    1
    MAGNITUDE

    It refers to how strongly related the variables


    are

    1.Strong correlation
    2.Weak correlation
    3.Zero/no correlation

    1
    CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH

    Example:
    Researcher are interested in the relationship between self-esteem & school
    achievement researcher could collect data of students self-esteem and GPS
    to see if two variables are statistically related

    1
    OBSERVATIONAL RESEARCH

    make observations of behavior without manipulating


    anything
    focuses on observing the behavior of research subject in
    a natural or laboratory setting. It is classified as non-
    experimental because it does not involve the
    manipulation of independent variables.

    12
    OBSERVATIONAL RESEARCH

    Example:
    If a scientist wants to study how the amount of water
    humans drink affects their diets, they might choose an
    observational study.

    12
    PROS AND CONS OF
    OBSERVATIONAL
    RESEARCH
    PROS CONS

    The research process is very close to the groups may be dissimilar and
    real-life situation non homogeneous because they are
    t does not allow for the not randomly selected, affecting the
    manipulation of variables due to authenticity and generalizability of
    ethical reason the study results
    human characteristic are not subject the result obtained cannot be
    to experimental manipilation absolutely clear and error free,

    13

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