CT Calculation - Fltcal

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DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION CALCULATION

ALSTOM Document No : PGIE: CALCN-2 Project :7. 5MW TG Rev:-


Rev Sno Project:TATA SPONG IRON LTD
A Generator Data Sheet

1 Make of the alternator BHEL/ELIN


2 KW rating of the alternator(in KW) 7,500
3 Full load current (In Amps) 820
4 Rated voltage (in Volts) 6,600 ± 10%
5 Rated Frequency(in Hz) 50 ± 5%
6 Combined Variation(in %) 8
7 Power factor (pf Lag) 0.8
8 Excitation current in Amps 450 (for30s)
9 Value of Grounding Resistance in 38.5
Ohms E/f CURRENT 100
10 Ambient Temperature in° C 50
11 Sudden short ckt peak current (A) 5,270
12 Overload capacity(in %) 50 for 30 s
13 Reactance (in %)
UNSAT SAT
Xd 230.7 195.4
Xd" 18.7 17.2
14 Excitation current at no load (Amps) 173
15 Excitation current at full load(Amps) 405
B Current Transformer Details
Primary Secondary
1 For differential protn (In Amps) 1000 1
2 Class PS
3 Rct (As measured in Ohms) 3.15
4 Excitation current at Vk/2 (A) 0.0083
C Potential Transformer details
Primary Secondary
1 For protection (In Volts) 6600/1.73 110/1.732
2 Burden in VA 20
3 Lead length between CT in metres 100
4 Therefore Rl (assuming 8 ohms/km) 0.8 Ohms
D Details of relay used
1 Type of relay used CAG 34
2 Burden in VA 1
E Bus Fault level In Amps 40000
CASE -A
Fault calculations outside the zone of protection
Full load current(A) : 820
Fault current If (A) : I (full load)/Xd" (sat)
Hence Fault current : 4767.4418605 Diff CT
Secondary reflected fault current : If(s)= If/CT ratio

Secondary reflected fault current : 4.767442 Amps

Assume 10% extra for Excitation : 5.244186 Amps Generator


boost up
Calculation of Knee Point voltage
Knee point voltage of CT Vk= 2If (Rct + 2Rl) Diff CT
Vk : 41.429069767 Volts

Zone of fault
Calculation of Stabilising Resistor-Rs
Current setting of the relay (in %) 10
in Amperes 0.1
DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION CALCULATION
ALSTOM Document No : PGIE: CALCN-2 Project :7. 5MW TG Rev:-

Vk/2

Rs

Rr

Relay resistance Rr : VA burden of the relay / I²


: 100 Ohms
Vk/2 : 20.71453 Volts
Stabilising resistor Rs : 107.1453 Ohms
(I²(Rr)=VA burden of the relay
Therefore set stabilising resistor at 100 Ohms

Primary current at which the relay operates =(Relay current +Exctn current at Vk/2)CT ratio
108.3 Amperes

% of full load current : 13.20732


Hence relay setting of 15% and value of Rs is OK
CASE -B
Fault calculations inside the zone of protection

Bus fault level in Amps 40,000


Fault level of Generator 4767.4418605
(Same as that in fault
outside zone) Diff CT
Secondary reflected : 40
current in Amperes
Knee point voltage : 2If(Rct +2Rl) Zone of fault
Vkf : 316 Volts
Generator
Since Vk>150V,CT may saturate

Reference Knee point voltage Vk : 150 Volts Diff CT


(To be furnished by CT manufacturer)
Peak voltage generated Vp : 2Ö2 Ö(Vk(Vkf-Vk)) (RMS volts)
Vkf-Vk : 166 volts
ÖVk(Vkf-Vk) 157.7973
Vp : 444.9885
Since Vp< 2.5KV the relay is safe.
Document No : PGIE: CALCN-2 Project :7. 5MW TG Rev:-
Rev Sno Project:TATA SPONG IRON LTD
A Generator Data Sheet

1 Make of the alternator BHEL


2 KW rating of the alternator(in KW) 7,500
3 Full load current (In Amps) 820
4 Rated voltage (in Volts) 6,600 ± 5%
5 Rated Frequency(in Hz) 50 ± 5%
6 Combined Variation(in %) 8
7 Power factor (pf Lag) 0.8
8 Excitation current in Amps 450 (for30s)
9A Value of Grounding Resistance 38.5 Ohms
9B Maximum earth fault current limit 100 Amps
10 Ambient Temperature in° C 50
11 Sudden short ckt peak current (A) 5,270
12 Overload capacity(in %) 50 for 3s
13 Reactance (in %)
UNSAT SAT
Xd 230.7 195.4
Xd" 18.7 17.2
14 Excitation current at no load (Amps) 173
15 Excitation current at full load(Amps) 405
B Current Transformer Details
Primary Secondary
1 For protn (In Amps) 1000 1
2 Class 5P10

C Potential Transformer details


Primary Secondary
1 For protection (In Volts) 6600/1.732 110/1.732
2 Burden in VA 100
D Details of relay used
1 Type of relay used CDG 11
Burden in VA 3VA maximum
Minimum current setting on Relay 10 Setting range chosen : 10-40%
(In %)
Current setting in Amperes 0.1

Mimimum operated current for the 2


relay (p.u)
Minimum current setting 0.2 Amps

Primary current 200 Amps

% of earth fault current 200 %


and winding protected
Which is on the higher side and hence not acceptable.

Choose Min TMS of 0.1


Operating time is 0.8s (From Time Current Characteristic Inverse Time Relay CDG 11 -3 sec)

Choose Min TMS of 0.2


Operating time is 2sec (From Time Current Characteristic Inverse Time Relay CDG 11 -3 sec)

In case the relay operates on Motor starting increase TMS.


Hence the decision to introduce an ICT
VOLTAGE RESTRAINED O/C RELAY
Document No : PGIE: CALCN-2 Project :7. 5MW TG Rev:-
Rev Sno Project:TATA SPONG IRON LTD
A Generator Data Sheet

1 Make of the alternator BHEL


2 KW rating of the alternator(in KW) 7,500
3 Full load current (In Amps) 820
4 Rated voltage (in Volts) 6,600 ± 5%
5 Rated Frequency(in Hz) 50 ± 5%
6 Combined Variation(in %) 8
7 Power factor (pf Lag) 0.8
8 Excitation current in Amps 450 (for30s)
9A Value of Grounding Resistance 38.5 Ohms
9B Maximum earth fault current limit 100 Amps
10 Ambient Temperature in° C 50
11 Sudden short ckt peak current (A) 5,270
12 Overload capacity(in %) 50 for 3s
13 Reactance (in %)
UNSAT SAT
Xd 230.7
Xd" 18.7 17.2
14 Excitation current at no load (Amps) 173
15 Excitation current at full load(Amps) 405
B Current Transformer Details
Primary Secondary
1 For protn (In Amps) 1000 1
2 Class 5P10

C Potential Transformer details


Primary Secondary
1 For protection (In Volts) 6600/1.732 110/1.732
2 Burden in VA 100
D Details of relay used
1 Type of relay used CDV62B
2 % by which Setting should be more than the F.L 120
3 Setting Range 50 to 200%

Minimum current setting on Relay 50


(In %)
Current setting in Amperes 0.5

Mimimum operated current for the 2


relay (p.u)
Minimum current setting 1 Amps

Primary current 1000 Amps

% of Full load current 121.9512195 % Hence O.K

Time setting from the relay characteristic assuming a time multiplier of 1.0for a plug setting of 2pu
18sec
Document No : PGIE: CALCN-2 Project :7. 5MW TG Rev:-
Rev Sno Project:TATA SPONG IRON LTD
A Generator Data Sheet

1 Make of the alternator BHEL


2A KW rating of the alternator(in KW) 7,500
2B KVA rating 9,375
3 Full load current (In Amps) 820
4 Rated voltage (in Volts) 6,600 ± 5%
5 Rated Frequency(in Hz) 50 ± 5%
6 Combined Variation(in %) 8
7 Power factor (pf Lag) 0.8
8 Excitation current in Amps 450 (for30s)
9A Value of Grounding Resistance 38.5 Ohms
9B Maximum earth fault current limit 100 Amps
10 Ambient Temperature in° C 50
11 Sudden short ckt peak current (A) 5,270
12 Overload capacity(in %) 50 for 3s
13 Reactance (in %)
UNSAT SAT
Xd 230.7 195.4
Xd' 19
Xd" 18.7 17.2
14 Excitation current at no load (Amps) 173
15 Excitation current at full load(Amps) 405
B Current Transformer Details
Primary Secondary
1 For protn (In Amps) 1000 1
2 Class 5P10

C Potential Transformer details


Primary Secondary
1 For protection (In Volts) 6600/1.732 110
2 Burden in VA 100
D Details of relay used
1 Type of relay used VDG 14
2 Function : Neutral Displacement relay

Typical relay settings are :

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