Intro 1

Teacher Rosalia Moreno Ramirez

Weekly summary #2

This week we studied different topics in class

Some topics how: “Where are you from?”, “Structure of to be
verb”, Possessions etc.

Unit 2, pages 8 – 13 + progress check pages 14

– 15.
Titles/Topics
What’s your name?
Alphabet, greetings and leave takings; names and titles of
address; numbers 0 – 10, phone numbers, and email addresses.

Speaking
Introduction yourself and friends; saying hello and good-bye;
asking for names and phone numbers.

Grammar
Possessive adjectives my, your, his, her; the verb be:
affirmative statements and contractions.

Unit 3, pages 16 – 21.

Where are you from?
Cities and countries; adjectives of personality and
appearance, numbers 11 – 103 and ages.

Speaking
Talking about cities and countries, asking for and giving
information about place of origin, nationality, first
language, and age; describing people.

Grammar
The verb be, affirmative and negative statements, yes/no
questions, short answers, and Wh questions.
Intro 1
Teacher Rosalia Moreno Ramirez

Class #6

Theory:
The verb “to be” is one of the most important verbs in
English and is used to describe the state or condition of
something or someone. It has three main forms in the present:
“am” (for the first person singular, “I”), “is” (for the
third person singular, “he/she/it”), and “are” (for the first
and third person plural, we/they”). In the past, “to be” has
the forms “was” (for the first and third person singular) and
“were” (for the first- and third-person plural).

 Structure:
The basic structure of the verb “to be2 in the
affirmative is:

Present affirmative:
I am
He/She/It is
We/ They are

Past affirmative:
I was
He/She/It was
We/They were

Examples:

1.- ¨Present affirmative:

I am a student
She is a doctor
We are friends

2.- Past affirmative:

I was at home yesterday
They were happy last night
Intro 1
Teacher Rosalia Moreno Ramirez

Using to be:
1) To describe the identity or characteristics of someone or
something.
She is a teacher
The book is interesting.

2) To talk about states or conditions.

They are happy
He was tired yesterday.

3) To talk about location in the present.

I am at the office.
The cat is on the table.

4) To form passive sentences

The cake was baked by my sister
The letter is being written.

More examples only present forms (affirmative/negative)

Present affirmative:
I am a teacher
She is my sister.
They are students
We are at the park.
It is a beautiful day.
Present Negative:
I am not tired
She is not happy
They are not at home
We are not going to the party
It is not a problem.
Intro 1
Teacher Rosalia Moreno Ramirez

Class #8
Theory:
In English, contractions are shortened forms of words or
groups of words, often formed by replacing one or more
letters with an apostrophe (´). Contractions are commonly
used in spoken and informal written English to make sentences
more concise.

Structure:
The contractions of the “to be” verb are as follows:
I am  I´m
You are  You´re
He is  He´s
She is  She´s
It is  It´s
We are  We´re
They are  They´re
Examples of Contractions:
Present Affirmative.
1. I´m a teacher.
2. You´re my best friend.
3. He´s from Canada.
4. She´s a talented musician
5. It´s a beautiful flower.
6. We´re excited about the trip.
7. They´re students at the university.
Present Negative:
1. I´m not tired.
2. You´re noy listening.
3. He´s not coming to the party.
4. She´s not feeling well today.
5. It´s not raining outside.
6. We´re not going to the movies.
7. They´re not available right now.
Using contractions in English can make your speech and
writing sound more natural and conversational. Just
remember that contractions are typically used in informal
settings, while formal writing and speech often avoid
them.
Intro 1
Teacher Rosalia Moreno Ramirez

Class #9
Prepositions are words used to show the relationship between
a noun (or pronoun) and other words in a sentence. They often
indicate position, direction, location, time, or other
relationships between elements in a sentence. “The” is a
definite article, but it is often used in conjunction with
prepositions to modify nouns. Here are some common
prepositions.

1. In: Used to indicate a place or position within an area

or boundary.
I live in New York
The book is in the bag.
2. On: Indicates a position on top of something or in
direct contact with a surface.
3. At: Used to pinpoint a specific place or moment.
We´ll meet at the restaurant.
He arrived at 8 o'clock´.
4. By: Indicates proximity or movement near something.
The car is by the garage.
She walked by the river.
5. With: Used to indicate companionship or possession.
I´m having dinner with my friends.
She has a book with a red cover.
Article “The”
“The” is a definite article in English. It is used to refer
to something specific or known. Here are some examples of how
it is used.
The cat is on the roof
I need to buy the groceries.
The Eiffel Tower is in Paris.

The article “the” is placed before nouns to indicate that we

are talking about a particular object or set of things, not
in general terms.

Structure:
The basic structure is simply to add “the” before the noun:
The + noun
Intro 1
Teacher Rosalia Moreno Ramirez

More examples:
 In:
I live in the United States.
She works in an office.
The cat is sleeping in the bed.
We´ll meet you in the park.
They have a house in the mountains.
 On:
The book is on the shelf
The painting hangs on the walls
There´s a stain on the tablecloth.
The keys are on the counter
He wrote a note on the paper.
 At:
They are waiting at the bus stop.
We´ll meet you at the restaurant.
The concert is at the stadium.
She´s at the airport right now.
He arrived at the party on time.
 By:
The car is parked by the curb
I´ll wait for you by the entrance
She sits by the windows in class.
We walked by the river yesterday
The restaurant is by the beach
 With:
He´s traveling with his family
She´s having lunch with her colleagues.
With (Con):
He's traveling with his family.
She's having lunch with her colleagues.
I found a gift with a ribbon.
They play soccer with their friends.
The chef cooked a meal with fresh ingredients.
Intro 1
Teacher Rosalia Moreno Ramirez

Below (Debajo de):

"Below" is a preposition used to indicate a position or
location that is lower or under something else. It is often
used to describe things that are situated beneath another
object or surface.

Under (Debajo de):

"Under" is a preposition that denotes a position beneath or
below something, typically indicating physical placement or
location. It is used to describe objects or items that are
situated beneath another object or surface.

Next to (Junto a):

"Next to" is a preposition used to describe a position that
is adjacent or beside something else. It signifies proximity
or closeness in location or relationship.

Above (Encima de):

"Above" is a preposition indicating a position higher or over
something else. It is often used to describe objects or
entities that are situated at a higher elevation or position.

Behind (Detrás de):

"Behind" is a preposition used to convey a position that is
at the back or rear of something else. It is typically
employed when referring to objects or entities located on the
opposite side of a reference point.

Between (Entre):
"Between" is a preposition that signifies a position or
location in the middle of two or more objects, points, or
entities. It is used to describe something situated within a
defined range or interval.
Intro 1
Teacher Rosalia Moreno Ramirez

Below (Debajo de):

The keys are below the newspaper.

There's a treasure buried below the ground.
The cat is hiding below the bed.
The submarine is exploring below the ocean's surface.
You'll find the answers below the questions.
Under (Debajo de):

The cat is under the table.

She found her lost earring under the couch.
The book is under the bed.
The treasure chest is hidden under the sand.
The shoes are under the chair.
Next to (Junto a):

I'll sit next to you at the movie.

The grocery store is next to the post office.
The park is next to the school.
She lives next to her grandparents.
The restaurant is next to the bookstore.
Above (Encima de):

The painting hangs above the fireplace.

The plane flew above the clouds.
The hat is above the coat on the hook.
There's a banner above the entrance.
The stars twinkle above us in the night sky.
Behind (Detrás de):
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Teacher Rosalia Moreno Ramirez

The car is parked behind the house.

She found her missing keys behind the couch.
The children are playing hide-and-seek behind the trees.
There's a surprise waiting for you behind the door.
The truth is hidden behind the lies.
Between (Entre):

The cat is between the two chairs.

The restaurant is between the bank and the pharmacy.
The book is between the other books on the shelf.
She's torn between two options.
The meeting is scheduled between 3:00 and 4:00.