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LPF Experiment AIC

The document describes an experiment to design and test a first-order low-pass filter (LPF) using an op-amp IC 741. The LPF passes signals below its cutoff frequency (fh) and attenuates signals above fh. The experiment measures the frequency response of the LPF by varying the input frequency and recording the output voltage. The results are plotted on a graph to verify the filter's theoretical gain versus frequency response.

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15 views2 pages

LPF Experiment AIC

The document describes an experiment to design and test a first-order low-pass filter (LPF) using an op-amp IC 741. The LPF passes signals below its cutoff frequency (fh) and attenuates signals above fh. The experiment measures the frequency response of the LPF by varying the input frequency and recording the output voltage. The results are plotted on a graph to verify the filter's theoretical gain versus frequency response.

Uploaded by

AryanSingh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment-1

Aim: To study and design first-order LPF using an op-amp IC 741 and to obtain frequency
response.

Equipments and components: Opamp(IC 741), Resistors(15k, 10k), Capacitor(0.01µF),


Semiconductor trainer kit, Function generator, Cathode ray oscilloscope.

Theory: A frequency selective electric circuit that passes electric signals of a specified band of
frequencies and attenuates the signals of frequencies outside the band is called an electric filter. The
first-order lowpass filter consists of a single RC network connected to the non-inverting input terminal
of the operational amplifier. Resisters R1 and RF determine the gain of the filter in the passband. The
lowpass filter has maximum gain at f = 0 Hz. The frequency range from 0 to fh is called the passband
and the frequency range f > fh is called the stopband.

The first order low pass butter worth filter uses an RC network for filtering. The op-amp is used
in the noninverting configuration, hence it does not load down the RC network. Resistors R1
and R2 determine the gain of the filter.

V0/Vin = Af /(√1 +(f/fh)2

Where, Af = 1+ Rf /R1= passband gain of filter, f = frequency of the input signal, f h=1/2ΠRC = high
cut-off frequency of the filter, and V0/Vin = gain of the filter as a function of frequency. The gain
magnitude and phase angle equations of the LPF can be obtained by converting V0/Vin into its
equivalent polar form as follows |V0/Vin| = Af /(√1 +(f/fh)2, Φ = - tan-1 (f/fh). Where Φ is the phase
angle in degrees. The operation of the LPF can be verified from the gain magnitude equation.

Circuit Diagram:

R1 10kΩ Rf 10kΩ

-15V
2 4

6
741 V0

R 15kΩ 3 7
15V

RL
C
2V Vin
0.01µ 100Ω
F

3
Observations:

S.NO Input frequency Output Gain in dB


Voltage 20 log(Vo/Vi)

1.
2
3
4.
5.
6.
7.

Calculations:

Choose a standard value of Capacitor C say 0.01 µF

Fh=1/2πRC

Fh=1/2π*15k*0.01µf = 1k

Av=1+Rf/R1 & With this R1=10k, Rf=10k

Model Graph:

Output

voltage

10
3dB
8

6 PASS BAND
STOP BAND
4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Frequency in kHz

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