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The document provides an overview of computers including their history, types, basic components of hardware and software, and benefits of using computers. It discusses how Charles Babbage created the analytical engine in 1822 which was an early mechanical general-purpose computer. Later, Alan Turing presented the concept of a universal machine. The first electronic general-purpose computers were developed in the 1940s, including ENIAC and UNIVAC. Personal computers became popular in the 1970s with the release of the Apple computer and the Windows operating system. Computers can now work 24/7, store vast amounts of information, connect people to the internet, and save time.

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14 views2 pages

Updated Group Work

The document provides an overview of computers including their history, types, basic components of hardware and software, and benefits of using computers. It discusses how Charles Babbage created the analytical engine in 1822 which was an early mechanical general-purpose computer. Later, Alan Turing presented the concept of a universal machine. The first electronic general-purpose computers were developed in the 1940s, including ENIAC and UNIVAC. Personal computers became popular in the 1970s with the release of the Apple computer and the Windows operating system. Computers can now work 24/7, store vast amounts of information, connect people to the internet, and save time.

Uploaded by

masanjaaden
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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"According to wikipedia.

org” computer is the machine that can be programmed to carry out


sequences of arithmetic or logical operation automatically.

Also "According to https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/c/computer.htm computer is a


programmable device that stores, retrieves, and processes data. The term "computer" was
originally given to humans (human computers) who performed numerical calculations using
mechanical calculators, such as the abacus and slide rule.

History of Computers

This journey of computers began in 1822 with Charles Babbage’s analytical engine, which was
used to compute the product of numbers. Lady Ada Lovelace, considered to be the world’s first
programmer, helped with the programming of the analytical engine, around a hundred years
later, Alan Turing presented a concept of a universal machine which could theoretically compute
anything.

Then J.V. Atanasoff, from the University of Iowa, actually made the first attempt to build a
computer. But the first concrete effort came from two University of Pennsylvania professors who
built the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) which filled an entire room
and had around 18,000 vacuum tubes .Two years later, a green light for building UNIVAC came
from the US government to make the first computer for commercial and business applications

Following this, there was a parabolic rise in the development of computers with Bell
Laboratories, IBM and Apple Inc. They made significant headways into the development of
computers.

Apple announced the new personal computers that eventually took over the market in 1976. This
was followed up by Microsoft’s Windows. These two significant companies prove to be the
game changers in the personal computer field, and the rest is history.

Types of Computers

Computers can be differentiated based on their modes of functioning as well as their size and
functionality. Here they have been divided into different types of computers without considering
any of these factors.

 Analogue
 Digital
 Hybrid
 Mainframes
 Supercomputer
 Servers
 Workstation
 Microcomputer

Basics of a Computer

Computer systems consist mainly of two parts. They are hardware and software. The hardware
is electronic circuitry that helps to compute the mathematical computations, and the software is
the programs that help the hardware to compute. Software is further subdivided into two parts,
the operating systems and applications programs. The operating system runs the computer
hardware and helps us to communicate with the computer while software applications that we
run further perform useful tasks for us.

Computer hardware is the physical parts of a computer device. Hardware can be replaced if
broken or as per needs. Hardware can also be seen as the machinery or primary electronic part of
the computer devices. These are used to build up the computer and bring it into a usable
condition. For Example- Monitors, Central Processing Unit (CPU).

Benefits of Using a Computer

I. Computers Can Work 24 x 7


II. They are capable of working without tiring. Same work will take more time if done by a
person than if performed by a computer.
III. Computers Connect a Person to the Internet
IV. Stores a Vast Amount of Information
V. Saves Time
VI. Computers Helps to make Money

Generally there are sufficient reasons to use computers on a day to day basis to solve many
problems that confront us. Now many people’s have some idea of what the computer means,
computers are set to take over the world in which one does business as well as to conduct the
personal lives, so now is the time to gain as much knowledge about them so that you stay
relevant.

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