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Lesson 4

Management Information systems (MIS) have evolved over five eras from the 1960s to present: 1) Early systems focused on accounting and were centralized on mainframe computers. 2) In the 1970s-80s, MIS expanded to other departments but systems remained separate. 3) The 1980s-90s saw information decentralize as departments used separate client/server systems. 4) Enterprise software in the late 1990s integrated essential operations across accounting, finance, marketing, and HR. 5) Current systems utilize cloud computing, social media, ubiquitous devices and growing internet bandwidth.

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Ahmed Mujtaba
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29 views9 pages

Lesson 4

Management Information systems (MIS) have evolved over five eras from the 1960s to present: 1) Early systems focused on accounting and were centralized on mainframe computers. 2) In the 1970s-80s, MIS expanded to other departments but systems remained separate. 3) The 1980s-90s saw information decentralize as departments used separate client/server systems. 4) Enterprise software in the late 1990s integrated essential operations across accounting, finance, marketing, and HR. 5) Current systems utilize cloud computing, social media, ubiquitous devices and growing internet bandwidth.

Uploaded by

Ahmed Mujtaba
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Management Information system

HISTORY OF MIS
The Emergence of MIS in Computers
 When computers began to emerge in the 1940s and
1950s, punch cards were still a big part of information
systems.
 They continued to play a role until the 1970s when they
were replaced by magnetic storage media like tapes
and disks.
 These storage devices greatly increased the speed of
calculating data Consequently, MIS began to develop
for accounting.
 Calculating data and compiling it into reports could
now be done in a fraction of the time it would have
taken before.
MIS Developing Beyond Accounting
 From the 1970s to the early 1990s, as computers became
smaller, faster and more affordable, MIS developed
beyond accounting to other business areas, like
inventory systems, sales, marketing, manufacturing
processes and engineering.
 Most of these systems ran independently of each other,
each using different software on different computers.
 For a large company to get a complete picture of its
progress, reports from different departments would be
re-entered into another system, often in a mainframe
computer.
 Even as computers could be connected in networks in
the 1990s, the different software systems were often
not compatible.

 Companies then began upgrading their systems so that


different department systems could communicate with
each other.

 By the end of the 1990s, even small businesses could


afford integrated information systems and even
connect different office systems together using the
internet.
The Five Eras of MIS
 First Era (mid-1960s to mid-1970s)
 During the first years of computerized MIS, information
systems were centralized and concerned solely with
governance and the needs of management.
 Most information systems and their reports were under
the control of accounting departments.
 Technology included third-generation mainframe
computers, like the IBM 360.
 Languages included Assembler, Fortran, COBO and,
Database.
 Ethernet networks were developed during this time.
 Second Era (mid-1970s to mid-1980s)

 While MIS was still mainly concerned with governance


and the needs of management, more departments
were beginning to benefit from the technology.

 In many companies, steering committees and user-led


initiatives determined the shape and scope of
additional IS projects.

 Technology included the first personal computers


(PCs), minicomputers and mid-range computers.
 Third Era (mid-1980s to late 1990s)

 During the third era, centralized information systems


began to spread out and information became
decentralized. (client/ server network)

 Each department had its own computer system.

 Computer information sharing started in this era.


 Fourth Era (late 1990s to today)
 Enterprise software solutions (ERP) integrate essential
business operations.
 Accounting
 Finance
 Marketing and Sales
 Human resource

 Many information systems are integrated between different


companies, so that a client business can readily access
supplier information and their customers, in turn, can
access that information.

 Technology now includes social media, search engines and


ubiquitous computing through a variety of platforms
including laptops, tablets and smartphones.
 Fifth Era (today forward)

 Cloud computing
 Delivery of computing services over internet. E.g.
Yahoo, gmail, hotmail, facebook.

 Exponential growth in internet bandwidth.

 Experts are working on Artificial intelligence for


future.

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