College of Education

Name: Letly B. Valenzuela Yr.&Sec: BSEd FIL 3B

Module 26 Revisiting the 14 Learner-Centered Psychological Principles

Introduction

Activity

1. Examine the clip art below.

Analysis

1. What two words do you see?

= The two words that i have seen are Teach and learn.

2. What relationship does the clip art show about these two words?

-This two words teach and learn is always intertwined in many ways. A teacher should learn while
teaching and students should always bear in mind that they need to learn, and for that to happen, they
should listen too. And also even you already a teacher, it doesn't mean that you should stop learning.
But it should be continuous, since things are upgrading and nothing stays. Learning is a life long
learning process, especially that student's from the 21st century are going to be more brilliant than
expected.

3. What message do you get from this clip art? Relate it to your own role as a future teacher?

- In the role of a future teacher, the connection between teaching and learning is fundamental. The
teacher's responsibility is to facilitate and guide the learning process for students. To be an effective
future teacher, must understand not only the subject matter but also the diverse ways in which students
learn. It involves creating an engaging and supportive environment that fosters curiosity, critical
thinking, and a love for learning.As a future teacher, recognizing that teaching is not just about
transmitting information but inspiring and enabling students to learn is crucial. It involves adapting
teaching methods to cater to different learning styles.

Application

1. Re-read the 14 Learner-Centered Psychological Principles found on Module 2 (p. 17ft.) Recall
the main points of the principles. As you are reading, exert effort to link each of the 14 principles
to something you learned from Modules 1 to 25. You may do this by also going back to what
you wrote in the 5-minute non-stop writing portion at the end of each Module.

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Member: Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
Agricultural Colleges Association of the Philippines (ACAP)
 College of Education
- The fourteen learner-centered psychological concepts ought to serve as a solid foundation
for learning facilitation. The 14 principles uphold the idea that all members of the learning
community—not just students—are lifelong learners. The aforementioned clip art
illustrates the idea that learning is facilitated by excess, and that proficient learning paves
the way for effective teaching. Learning is mutually beneficial. Teachers instruct their
students. Students share knowledge with one another. More importantly, keep in mind that
students teach teachers. Students are the ones who initiate and drive the learning process.
The critiques leveled at direct instruction have resulted in a greater focus on the part that
students play in the educational process. Instead of the conventional teacher-centered setup,
many choose a more student-centered setting. There are additional options for learners. The
needs, interests, and developmental stages of the learners are taken into careful
consideration when designing learning activities.

Synapse Strengtheners

Observe a class (can be elementary, high school or college level). Note whether or not the three
characteristics of the learner-centered classrooms are implemented.

Characteristic Yes No Description of what you observed

1. Learners are at the center of the Learners are at the centered of the
learning process. / learning procese.Teachers are doing
some intervention in building up their
students such asshowing everything
what they've got.They give the spotlight
to the student let them speak their
minds.

2. Teacher guides the students Teachers explain every detail

/ They regiving detailed insights to
become thestudents background.

3. Teacher teaches for understanding Teachers are into opening their minds in
/ different concerns. Their consideration
covers range of motion

Assessment Task/s

1. Fill out the matrix below to summarize and synthesize your learnings and insights. Column 1 contains
the 14 principles clustered together. Column 2 indicates the modules and topics that are related to each
cluster. In column 3, write your learnings/insights, especially on how you plan to apply what you learned
when you teach.

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Member: Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
Agricultural Colleges Association of the Philippines (ACAP)
 College of Education
The 14 Principles Topics/ specific concepts from My learnings/insights on how I
modules 1-25 will apply what I learned

Cognitive and Metacognitive

Factors

1.Nature of the learning process. = Metacognition;Cognitive and = It is necessary to assess the

The learning of complex subject Metacognitive Factors knowledge that is being
matter is most effective when it conveyed to students. Connect
is an intentional process of lessons to real life scenarios and
constructing meaning from allow individuals to explore the
information and experience. scenario using their knowledge

=Learning is a slow process, so

2. Goals of the learning process. =ReviewofDevelopmentalTheori giving kids the right kind of
The successful learner, over time es(Vygotsky’sSocio-cultural
advice and assistance will help
and with support and Theory-Scaffolding
instructional guidance, can them fully grasp the lessons.
create meaningful, coherent Allow your students to perform
representations of knowledge. without dominating them with
your direction.

3. Construction of knowledge. =Relate new subjects to

The successful leamer can link =Gestalt Psychology
knowledge already held in your
new information with existing (LawofGood Continuation)
knowledge in meaningful ways. head. Gestalt Psychology claims
that a good continuation will aid
in your understanding of
someone's conduct

4.Strategic thinking. The = Metacognition Cognitive and

=The level of learning should be
successful learner can create and Metacognitive Factor (Strategic
considered. Let students explore
use a repertoire of thinking and Thinking)
reasoning strategies to achieve and learn through their varied
complex learning goals. strategies in terms of thinking

=Metacognition is when one

5. Thinking about thinking. = Metacognition
thinks about one's own thoughts.
Higher-order strategies for
Create a dialogue that uses a
selecting and monitoring mental
operations facilitate creative and reverse type of psychology. The
critical thinking. student will be able to ponder
more deeply thanks to
interactive dialogue.
6. Context of leaming. Leaming
is influenced by environmental = Bronfrenbrenner’s Bio-
=Thinking about thinking
factors, including culture, ecologicalsystem Students indicates Metacognition. Create
technology, and instructional Diversity a reverse type of psychology in

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Member: Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
Agricultural Colleges Association of the Philippines (ACAP)
 College of Education
practices. terms of discussion. Interactive
discussion will enable the
learner to think in deeper sense.

Motivational and Affective

Factors

7. Motivational and emotional = Cognitive and Metacognitive =One's past experiences and
influences on learning. Factor.Gestalt Psychology present circumstances have an
What and how much is leamed Conditioning and Reinforcement impact on their perspective.
is influenced by the learner's (Rewards and Punishments)
Think about being mindful. To
motivation. Motivation to leam,
in turn, is influenced by the help them learn, prepare some
individual's emotional states, conditioning and reinforcement
beliefs, interests and goals, and as well.
habits of thinking.
=Be aware of one’s motivation,
8. Intrinsic motivation to learn. do not demotivate them by being
The leamer's creativity, higher =Intrinsic Motivation
inconsiderate. Understanding of
order thinking, and natural Metacognition
curiosity all contribute to one behavior will help also.
motivation to leam. Intrinsic
motivation is stimulated by tasks
of optimal novelty and
difficulty, relevant to personal
interests, and providing for
personal choice and control.

9. Effects of motivation on effort =Motivation Conditioning and = Keep students motivated to

Acquisition of complex learn by giving at least rewards,
Reinforcement
knowledge and skills requires but it should not overpower your
extended learners' effort and objective to keep them
guided practice. Without motivated to learn. The
learners' motivation to learn, the
conditioning must motivate them
willingness to exert this effort is
unlikely without coercion. to strive more and not just to
comply.

Developmental and Social

Factors

10. Developmental influences on = Subsumption Theory = Knowing a variety of teaching

learning. As individuals develop, Cognitive ProcessTransfer of techniques is important since it
there are different opportunities Learning Motivational & will enable you to teach without
and constraints for learning Affective Factors forcing your students to learn.
Learning is most effective when Utilize a variety of instructional

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Member: Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
Agricultural Colleges Association of the Philippines (ACAP)
 College of Education
differential development within methods that can be used to
and across physical, intellectual, connect to students' inner selves
emotional, and social domains is
taken into account.

11. Social influences on = Individual Differences Factors

= Let students interact with its
learning. Learning is influenced Developmental and Social
by social interactions, Factors Bronfrenbrenners’ Bio- environment. Prepare activities
interpersonal relations, and ecological Theor that will make them connected
communication with others with each other. That’s when
learning is effective because of
varieddisseminationof
information between the learners

Individual Differences Factors

12. Individual differences in = Students Diversity Individual = Diversity and esteem. I will
learning. Learners have different Differences StrategicThinking engage with a variety of people,
strategies, approaches, and each with their own culture,
capabilities for learning that are beliefs, status, and other
a function of prior experience characteristics, so I will gain a
and heredity. broader understanding;
nevertheless, at some time, I will
conduct some assessments to
determine whether I am effective
or whether there is room for
growth.

13. Learning and diversity. = Students Diversity = The use of interaction between
Learning is most effective when students will create an
differences in learners' atmosphere where they’ll think
linguistic, cultural, and social they are one. With this condition
backgrounds are taken into they are not afraid to share their
account. insights because of the comfort
ability.

Assessment provides important

14. Standards and assessment. information to both the learner
Assessment
Setting appropriately high and
and teacher at all stages of the
challenging standards and
assessing the learner as well as learning process. Effective
learning progress-including learning takes place when
diagnostic, process, and outcome learners feel challenged to work
assessment are integral parts of towards appropriately high
the learning process. goals; therefore, appraisal of the
learner’s cognitive strengths and
weaknesses, as well as current

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Member: Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
Agricultural Colleges Association of the Philippines (ACAP)
 College of Education
knowledge and skills, is
important for the selection of
instructional materials of an
optimal degree of difficulty.
Ongoing assessment of the
learner’s understanding of the
curricular material can provide
valuable feedback to both
learners and teachers about
progress toward the learning
goals. Standardized assessment
of learner progress and
outcomes assessment provides
one type of information about
achievement levels both within
and across individuals that can
inform various types of
programmatic decisions.

5-minute non-stop writing

Your 5-minute non-stop writing begins NOW!

From the Module on Revisiting the 14 Learner-Centered Psychological Principles.

I realized that successful learners used strategic thinking in their approach to learning, reasoning,
problem solving, and concept learning. They understand and can use a variety of strategies to help
them reach learning and performance goals, and to apply their knowledge in novel situations. As a
person grows, he or she have some instances that the environment or societies may affect to his or her
learning. The learning of a person is like a river wherein it goes unstoppable, meet new learnings and
adopt it to his or her everyday life. From the moment that person was born, until he reach final stage,
the learning of him is continuous. Because as he grows in his physical appearance, their minds will
also expands adding informations they started to learn and put them all into actions. In this, they
started to use strategic thinking in every instances of their life. Because as we all know, learning is a
process that helps us to grow not only by physical improvements but also in developing our mind's
understanding. From this module, I have learned the fourteen(14) psychological principles pertain to
all learners and the learning process. The first one is the Nature of the Learning Process wherein the
learning of complex subject matter is most effective when it is an intentional process of constructing
meaning from information and experience. The successful learner, overtime and with support and
instructional guidance can create meaningful, coherent representations of knowledge is the Goal of
the Learning Process.

Accredited: Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities of the Philippines (AACCUP)
Member: Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
Agricultural Colleges Association of the Philippines (ACAP)