Scribd
Upload
50 views23 pages

1.4 Solving Quadratic Equations: Objectives

This document provides information on solving quadratic equations in three sentences or less: The document outlines four methods for solving quadratic equations: factoring, taking square roots, completing the square, and using the quadratic formula. It also discusses key concepts like the zero product principle, discriminant, and sum and product of roots theorem. Examples are provided to illustrate each solving method step-by-step.

Uploaded by

WEDD FAWAZ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
50 views23 pages

1.4 Solving Quadratic Equations: Objectives

This document provides information on solving quadratic equations in three sentences or less: The document outlines four methods for solving quadratic equations: factoring, taking square roots, completing the square, and using the quadratic formula. It also discusses key concepts like the zero product principle, discriminant, and sum and product of roots theorem. Examples are provided to illustrate each solving method step-by-step.

Uploaded by

WEDD FAWAZ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

1.

4 Solving Quadratic Equations


◼ Objectives:
◼ Solving by Factoring
◼ Solving by Square root property
◼ Solving by completing the square
◼ Solving by Quadratic Formula
Definition of a Quadratic Equation ‫المعادلة التربيعية‬
A quadratic equation in x is an equation that can be written in the
standard form
ax2 + bx + c = 0
where a, b, and c are real numbers with a  0.

A quadratic equation in x is also called a second-degree polynomial


equation in x.

◼ If a quadratic equation has zero on one side and a factored


expression on the other side, it can be solved using the
zero product principle.
The Zero Product Principle
If the product of two algebraic expressions is zero, then at least
one of the factors is equal to zero.
If AB = 0, then A = 0 or B = 0.

We can solve quadratic equations by:

1. Factoring

2. Taking square roots

3. Completing the square

4. Using the quadratic formula


1. Solving a Quadratic Equation by Factoring
a) If necessary, rewrite the equation in the form
ax2 + bx + c = 0, moving all terms to one side,
thereby obtaining zero on the other side.
b) Factor.
c) Apply the zero-product principle, setting each factor
equal to zero.
d) Solve the equations in step 3.
Ex. Factor and Solve the quadratic equation: x 2 − 7 x + 10 = 0
Solution:
( x − 2) ( x − 5) = 0 Factors of a quadratic equation

x − 2 = 0 or x − 5 = 0 Zero Product Principle

x=2 x=5 Solutions

A check shows that the solution set for the given equation is {2, 5}.

Ex. Factor and Solve the quadratic equation: 4x2 = 2x


Ex. Factor and Solve the quadratic equations:

1. 5x 2 = −8x

2. ( x − 5) − 9 = 0
2
2. The Square Root Method
If x is an algebraic expression and c is a positive real number, then
x2 = c has exactly two solutions:
Equivalently, If x = c, then x =  c .
2

Ex. Solve by the square root method:


a. 4x2 = 20 b. (x – 2)2 = 6

Solution: a) x2 = 5 Divide both sides by 4

x= 5 Apply the square root method

The solution set is − 5 , 5 .


Solution: b) (x – 2)2 = 6

x−2=  6 Apply the square root method

x = 2 6
The solution set is 2 − 6 , 2 + 6 .
3. Completing the square ‫اكمال المربع‬
If x2 + bx is a binomial, then by adding  b  2 which is
  ,
 2
the square of half the coefficient of x, a perfect square trinomial
will result. That is, 2 2
 b  b
x + bx +   =  x +  .
2
 2  2
Ex. Solve by completing the square: x2 – 6x + 2 = 0
Solution: x2 – 6x + 2 = 0 This equation cannot be factored.
x2 – 6x = – 2
2
Add  b  , to both sides (-6  2)2 = (-3)2 = 9.
 2
x2 – 6x + (– 3)2 = – 2 + 9
(x – 3)2 = 7
x−3=  7
x = 3 7

The solution set is 3 − 7 , 3 + 7 .

Ex. Solve by completing the square: 3x2 – 2x - 4 = 0


Ex.. Solve by completing the square:
1. x 2 − 2x − 15 = 0

2. 3x 2 − 8x = −1

3. 2x 2 + 4x − 1 = 0
4. The Quadratic Formula ‫الصيغة التربيعية‬
The solutions of a quadratic equation in standard form
ax2 + bx + c = 0,
with a  0, are given by the quadratic formula
− b  b 2 − 4ac
x= .
2a

Ex. Solve by using the quadratic formula: 3x2 – 2x - 4 = 0


Solution:
Quadratic formula substitutions a = 3, b = -2, c = -4.
Ex.. Solve by using the quadratic formula:
1. 4x 2 − 24x + 5 = 0,

2. x 2 + 7 = 5x
Discriminant Kinds of Solutions Graph of
D = b2- 4ac to ax2+bx+c = 0 Y = ax2+bx+c
10

D>0 2 real solutions


1 2
8
x 5

10 0 10

10 x

1 real solution
D=0 1 2

(a repeated solution) 8
x
10 0 10

10
20

x
15

0 real solutions 18 x2
D<0 2 complex solutions
3 10

10 0 10
x
Pythagorean Theorem
The sums of the squares of the legs
of a right triangle is equal to the Hypotenuse
square of the hypotenuse. c
b Leg

a2+b2=c2 a
Leg

Ex. A 12-foot ladder is leaning against a building. How high on


the building will the ladder reach when the bottom of the
ladder is 4 feet from the building?
Solution:
12 ft x

4 ft
12 2 = 4 2 + x 2 Pythagorean Theorem
144 − 16 = x 2

x 2 = 128
x =  128 Negative sign is rejected

x = 11.3 foot
Ex. State the number of solutions of the equation without solving
the equation: x2 +3x+3=0
Solution: D = b 2 − 4ac a = 1, b = 3, c = 3.
D = 9 − 4(1)(3)
D = 9 − 12 = −3  0
Two complex conjugate solutions
Ex. Determine the number of real solutions of the following
equations: Do not solve the equations.
1. x 2
− 20x + 100 = 0

2. 24x 2
= −10x + 21

3. 8x 2
= 5x − 3
Ex. A television screen measures 54 inches diagonally, and its
aspect ratio is 4 to 3. Find the width and the height of the
screen.

Sum and Product of the roots Theorem


Let ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, and c are real numbers with a  0,
be a quadratic equation. Then x1 and x2 are roots of the equation
If and only if
−b c
x1 + x2 = and x1.x2 =
a a
20
21
22
23

You might also like