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Lecture 3 Types of PV Systems.

This document discusses types of photovoltaic (PV) systems, as presented by Dr. Ramy Ahmed in a lecture. It begins with Dr. Ahmed's biography and experience working on renewable energy projects in Egypt. The lecture then covers stand-alone PV systems, which are independent of the electric grid and use solar energy, batteries, and an inverter to power loads. Stand-alone systems can be either DC-based to power DC loads directly, or use an inverter to provide AC power. Hybrid systems combine solar with other energy sources like wind or generators. Grid-tied systems connect solar energy to the electric grid and may include battery backup. The document assigns preparing a report on types of PV systems as homework and

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109 views30 pages

Lecture 3 Types of PV Systems.

This document discusses types of photovoltaic (PV) systems, as presented by Dr. Ramy Ahmed in a lecture. It begins with Dr. Ahmed's biography and experience working on renewable energy projects in Egypt. The lecture then covers stand-alone PV systems, which are independent of the electric grid and use solar energy, batteries, and an inverter to power loads. Stand-alone systems can be either DC-based to power DC loads directly, or use an inverter to provide AC power. Hybrid systems combine solar with other energy sources like wind or generators. Grid-tied systems connect solar energy to the electric grid and may include battery backup. The document assigns preparing a report on types of PV systems as homework and

Uploaded by

as2899142
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Renewable Energy

By Dr. Ramy Ahmed

LECTURE 3: Types of PV systems. 1


Biography
Dr. Ramy Ahmed

Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering. (Photovoltaic Power Enhancement)

Power and Machines Department

Faculty of Engineering
Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST).

Communication between PV systems. TU Graz University, Austria

Project Director, renewable energy –SEKEM Companies Group (Eco energy).


* SEKEM solar pumping in El-WAHAT (Design and Installation) PV plants to provide a solar PV
supply for pivot (rotation), surface pumping, and Submersed Pumps as well. (3 MW)
* 128 kW of PV system for the campus of Heliopolis University. 200 kW of PV system for ISIS water
factory. (On-grid)
* STS-Med demo plants. 6 kW Provide a sustainable source of energy by a CSP station for producing
electricity and cooling.
* Solar irrigation project by (FAO). 60 kW PV plant to Provide a sustainable source of energy for
lifting irrigation water (and potentially for other uses in non-irrigation period). (On-grid)
* Renewable Energy projects, and other related activities all-over Egypt.

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Projects

3
Course Distribution
COURSE CONTENTS:
1. Introduction of Renewable Energy Sources.
2. Photovoltaic Energy System
3. Wind Energy System
4. Energy Storage Devices
5. Integration of Renewable Energy Sources
6. Distributed Generation
7. Project.

4
References:

5
Class RULES

No mobile

Don’t Come Late

6
Stand-Alone Systems
 Stand-alone PV systems are sized and designed to
provide a specific electrical load over time using the
solar radiation resource at a given location.
 These systems are often installed in remote areas,
where there is no utility grid or it is difficult or even
impossible to use any other source of power supply.
Stand Alone components
 The typical scheme of a stand-alone PV system
Simple Stand Alone systems
 Direct-coupled stand-alone system.
 This type of Stand Alone systems is powered by the
array. It is by far the simplest type of stand-alone PV
system; but most complex to design properly.
 It’s designed to operate independent of the electric
utility grid, and is sized to supply certain DC electrical
loads.
Common simple DC
Stand Alone system
 Common applications include water pumps and fans
 DC load is matched and directly connected to a PV array
 Uses no energy storage
 Load only operates when sun is shining, also referred to
as a “day use system”.
Stand Alone DC system
with batteries
 A direct current system that feeds DC appliances with
storage batteries.
 The basic components are a PV module, charge controller,
storage batteries, and a load (DC appliance).
 To operate loads at night a system must include a means
of storing energy
DC Stand Alone systems serving DC and AC loads

A Stand Alone system can provide power for both AC


and DC loads.
A thorough load analysis considering both factors and
their time of use, will determine the requirements for the
quantity of modules and batteries to put in place.
Stand Alone DC system for
AC loads
 Stand-alone DC systems for AC loads must include an inverter,
which draws DC power from the battery bank and converts it to
AC power for distribution.
 The size and cost of any stand alone system is related to the
magnitude and duration of the electrical load and the solar
resource, energy efficiency is critical. For these reasons, a
thorough load analysis is required in the design and installation
of any stand-alone system.
Hybrid systems
 These types of systems may be powered by a PV array
only, or may use wind, an engine-generator or utility
power as an auxiliary power source.
 In a bimodal system the inverter draws DC power from
the battery system instead of the array. In this case, the
array simply acts as a charging source for the battery
system.
Stand Alone Hybrid
Systems
A hybrid system provides
energy reliability because there
are two or more charging
systems at work.
Hybrid PV systems are often
the least costly for remote
power applications.
Stand Alone Hybrid Systems
Wiring Diagram example of a Hybrid PV system.
Critical Load Backup
 Bimodal systems are typically used to back up critical
loads, but can also be used to manage the energy
supply for different times of the day in order to reduce
electricity bills.
Types of Solar PV Systems
Grid Interconnected
Power from the Solar System
is Added to the Normal
Home Power Supply
Supplied by the Utility
Company
Types of Solar PV Systems
System
Components
Types of Solar PV Systems
System Components
Roof Mounted
Photovoltaic (PV) Panels
DC Energy ►AC Energy
Inverter
Solar Junction Box
Electric Meter
Grid Inter-Tied with Battery Backup
System - Similar to Previous System with
the Addition of a “Battery Bank” to Store
Power Generated from Solar Panels

Types of Solar PV Systems


Grid Inter-Tied with Battery Backup

Types of Solar PV Systems


Off Grid Systems
Not Tied to Any Utility Service or Power
Lines
Main Source of Power for Building
Can Have Wind-Power, Water-Power &
Back-Up Generators Factored in to
Provide Energy at Night

Types of Solar PV Systems


Off Grid System Components
Roof Mounted Solar
Panels
Array DC Disconnect

Charge Controller:
Prevents
Overcharging

Types of Solar PV Systems


Off Grid System Components
Battery Bank

System Meter: Bank


Level, Panel Production,
House Usage
Main DC Disconnect

Types of Solar PV Systems


Off Grid System Components

DC Energy ►AC Energy


Inverter

Rectifier- Changes AC
Energy ► DC Energy To
Be Stored In Battery Bank

Solar Junction Box


Off Grid System Components
Generator Junction Box

Power Meter

Types of Solar PV Systems


ASSIGNMENT

 Prepare a report showing:


 Types of PV systems.

28
Next lecture:
Wind Energy System .

29
Thank You
Dr. Ramy Ahmed

30

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