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CS - Exp8 2021200115

This document contains the objectives and results of three control systems experiments performed by Sridhar Sundar using MATLAB: 1) Observe and justify the step response and impulse response of a first-order control system. 2) Observe and justify the step response of a second-order control system and determine its time-domain specifications. 3) Observe the effect of varying the damping factor ζ on step responses for underdamped, critically damped, and overdamped cases.

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22 views5 pages

CS - Exp8 2021200115

This document contains the objectives and results of three control systems experiments performed by Sridhar Sundar using MATLAB: 1) Observe and justify the step response and impulse response of a first-order control system. 2) Observe and justify the step response of a second-order control system and determine its time-domain specifications. 3) Observe the effect of varying the damping factor ζ on step responses for underdamped, critically damped, and overdamped cases.

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sridhar sundar
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Name: Sridhar Sundar

Class: EXTC B-Division : B4

Subject: Control System

UID: 2021200115

CS - EXPERIMENT 8
Objective (A):

To observe and justify step response and impulse response of first‐ order
control system

MATLAB Code
clc close
all clear
all
t=0:0.01:10; u=t;
num = input('enter the numerator of the
transfer function') den =
input('enter the denominator of the
transfer function')
disp('For the transfer function:')
g=tf(num, den)

subplot(3,1,1);
impulse (g);
subplot(3,1,2);
step(g);
subplot(3,1,3);
lsim(num,den,u,t);

Result:-

num = 1×2
1 2 den
= 1×2
3 4
For the transfer function:
g =
s + 2

3 s + 4

Continuous-time transfer function.


Objective (B) To observe and justify step response of second‐order control system and obtain its time‐ domain
specification using MATLAB.

wn=input('enter value of undamped natural


frequency'); z=input('enter value of damping ratio')
; n=[wn*wn]; num=[0 0 n]; den=[1 2*z*wn n] ;
disp('The transfer function is:') g=tf(num,den)
p=sqrt(1-z^2); disp('Damping Frequency:') wd=wn*p
disp('Delay Time:') td=(1+0.7*z)/wd h=[p/z];
disp('Theta:') k=atan(h) m=pi-k;
disp('Rise Time:') tr=[m/wd]
disp('Peak Time:') tp=[pi/wd]
r=z*pi; f=[r/p]; disp('Maximum
Peak Overshoot:') Mp=exp(-f)
disp('Time Constant:')
T=1/(z*wn)
disp('Settling Time:')
ts=[4*T] disp('Time for 1
oscillation:') Toscii=2*tp
disp('Time for 1 oscillation:')
Toscii=2*tp
disp('Number of oscillations:')
Noscii=ts/Toscii
step(g);
Result:-

The transfer function is: g


=

s^2 + s + 1

Continuous-time transfer function.


Damping Frequency:
wd = 0.8660
Delay Time:
td = 1.5588
Theta:
k = 1.0472
Rise Time:
tr = 2.4184
Peak Time: tp
= 3.6276
Maximum Peak Overshoot:
Mp = 0.1630 Time
Constant:
T = 2
Settling Time:
ts = 8
Time for 1 oscillation:
Toscii = 7.2552
Time for 1 oscillation: Toscii
= 7.2552
Number of oscillations:
Noscii = 1.1027
Objective (C) To observe effect of ζ (damping factor) for various damping cases

clc close all clear all wn=1; z_undamped=0; z_underdamped=input('enter value


between 0 and 1: '); z_crictically_damped=1; z_over_damped=input('enter value
greater than 1: '); n=[wn*wn]; num=[0 0 n];
den_undamped = [1 2*z_undamped*wn n]; den_underdamped = [1 2*z_underdamped*wn n];
den_crictically_damped = [1 2*z_crictically_damped*wn n]; den_over_damped = [1
2*z_over_damped*wn n];
disp('The undamped transfer function is:')
g_undamped=tf(num,den_undamped) disp('The undamped
transfer function is:')
g_underdamped=tf(num,den_underdamped) disp('The
undamped transfer function is:')
g_crictically_damped=tf(num,den_crictically_damped)
disp('The undamped transfer function is:')
g_over_damped=tf(num,den_over_damped)
subplot(2,2,1); step(g_undamped); subplot(2,2,2);
step(g_underdamped); subplot(2,2,3);
step(g_crictically_damped);
subplot(2,2,4); step(g_over_damped);

Result:-

The undamped transfer function is:


g_undamped =

s^2 + 1

Continuous-time transfer function. The


undamped transfer function is:
g_underdamped =

s^2 + 0.6 s + 1

Continuous-time transfer function. The


undamped transfer function is:
g_crictically_damped =

1
s^2 + 2 s + 1
Continuous-time transfer function. The
undamped transfer function is:
g_over_damped =

s^2 + 10 s + 1

Continuous-time transfer function.

Conclusion:‐
• From this experiment I learnt how the step and impulse response of first order and
second order control system.
• Also plotted the step response graphs for underdamped, overdamped and critically
damped.

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