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Class 12 Chapter 8 Maths Important Formulas

1. The area under a curve between two points can be calculated by dividing the area into thin vertical strips and summing their individual areas. This is represented mathematically as the integral of the curve's function between the bounds. 2. Similarly, the area bounded by a curve defined by y in terms of x can be found by integrating the curve's function with respect to y between two y-bounds. 3. When part of the curve lies below the x-axis, the area's value is the same but negative, so the absolute value of the integral below the axis is added to the integral above to find the total area.

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60 views2 pages

Class 12 Chapter 8 Maths Important Formulas

1. The area under a curve between two points can be calculated by dividing the area into thin vertical strips and summing their individual areas. This is represented mathematically as the integral of the curve's function between the bounds. 2. Similarly, the area bounded by a curve defined by y in terms of x can be found by integrating the curve's function with respect to y between two y-bounds. 3. When part of the curve lies below the x-axis, the area's value is the same but negative, so the absolute value of the integral below the axis is added to the integral above to find the total area.

Uploaded by

Vansh johari
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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APPLICATION OF THE

8 INTEGRALS

i
rth
KEY CONCEPT INVOLVED
Area Under Simple Curves
1. Let us find the area bounded by the curve y = f (x), x-axis and the ordinated x = a and x = b. Consider the
area under the curve as composed of large number of thin vertical strips let there be an arbitary strip of
hieght y and width dx.Area of elementary strip dA= ydx, where y = f (x). Total Area A of the region between
x-axis.ordinated x = a, x = b and the curve y = f (x) = Sum of areas of elementry thin strips across the region
PQML
y

y = f (x)
P Q
ya x=a

y
x=b

x
O L dx M
b b b
A= 
a
dA  
a
ydx  
a
f (x)dx
2. The area A of the region bounded by the curve x = g (y), y-axis and the lines y = c and y = d is given by
d y
A= 
c
xdy
id
y=d
x
dy x = g(y)

y=c
x
O

3. If the curve under consideration lies below x-axis, then f (x) < 0 from x = a to x = b, the area bounded by the
curve y = f (x), and the ordinates x = a, x = b and x-axis is negative. But the numerical value of the area is to
eV

b
be taken into consideration.Then Area=  a
f (x)dx

O dy
x
x=a

x=b

y = f(x)

y

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4. Let some portion of the curve is above x-axis and some portion is below x-axis. Let A1 be the area below
x-axis and A2 be the area above of x-axis.Therefore Area bounded by the curve y = f (x), x-axis and the
ordinates x = a and x = b.
A = |A1 | + A2

i
rth
A2

x=b
x=a x
O C

A1
y

Area between Two curves


5. Let the two curves be y = f (x) and y = g (x). Suppose these curves intersect at x = a and x = b. Consider the
elementary strip of height y where y = f (x) – g (x) with width dx
y
ya y = f (x)
y
dx
f(x) – g(x)

y = g(x) x = b
x=a

x
O
 da = ydx
b b b
 A=   f (x)  g(x)  dx   f (x) dx   g (x)dx
a a a
id
i.e. A= Area bounded by the curve y = f (x) – Area bounded by the curve y = g (x)
6. If the two curves y = f (x) and y = g (x) intersects at x = a, x = c and x = b such that a < c < b. If f (x) > g (x) in
[a, c] and f (x) < g (x) in [c, b], Then the area of the regions bounded by curve.
y
y = f(x)
P C
Q y = g(x)
A B
y = g(x) R
D
y = f(x)
eV

x=a x=c x=b

x
O L M N
c b
= Area of the region PAQCP + Area of the region QDRBQ =   f (x)  g(x)  dx    g(x)  f (x)  dx
a c

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