Experiment No: 02

Experiment Study of the common collector characteris:cs of an NPN transistor

name:

Submi&ed by:
Name: Jahidul Karim Palash

Id: 2110492

Course: Cse310-L (sec:on: - 1)

Submi&ed to: Sheikh Saif Simran

The laboratory experiment aimed to comprehensively analyze the common collector (CC)
characteris9cs of an NPN transistor. It focused on observing both input and output behaviors
by measuring parameters such as 1b, Vcb, Vce, lc, and le under various voltage seDngs. The
objec9ve was to understand how fluctua9ons in voltages and currents affected the
transistor's behavior in the CC configura9on. By analyzing these parameters under different
condi9ons, the experiment sought to deepen understanding of the transistor's opera9onal
characteris9cs, facilita9ng insights into its applica9ons in electronic circuits, par9cularly in
impedance matching and current amplifica9on scenarios.

Methodology:

Input Characteris:cs:

1. Circuit Construc9on:

Constructed a specific circuit adhering to the common collector (CC) configura9on for
the NPN transistor.
Ensured precise setup to establish the collector terminal as the common point
between the input and output sec9ons.
2. Voltage Applica9on and Measurement:

Applied a range of variable voltages between the base and collector terminals.
Simultaneously measured the resul9ng base current (1b) and the corresponding
collector-tobase voltage (Vcb).
Varied collector-to-emiRer voltages (Vce) to capture the varia9ons in 1b and Vcb
under different Vce seDngs.
3. Data Collec9on:

Systema9cally recorded all measured values of 1b and Vcb for each specific Vce
seDng in an organized observa9on table.
Ensured accuracy and mul9ple readings to gather comprehensive data.

4. Graph:

Made a graph with the data that we found from the experiment.

Output Characteris:cs:

1. Configura9on of a Separate Circuit:

Developed a dis9nct circuit layout aimed at analyzing the output characteris9cs of
the transistor. Designed the setup to study the behavior of collector-to-emiRer
voltage (Vce) and emiRer current (le) concerning varying base current (1b) levels.
2. Manipula9on of Base Current and Measurement:
Varied the base current (1b) by employing different seDngs or values.
Measured and recorded the corresponding collector-to-emiRer voltage (Vce) and
emiRer current (le) for each 1b seDng.

3. Observa9on Table Compila9on:

Recorded the collected readings of Vce and le systema9cally in an observa9on table,

corresponding to each specific 1b value.
Ensured precision and consistency in data recording to facilitate accurate analysis.
4. Graph:

Made a graph with the data that we found from the experiment.

Observa:on table Input Circuit:

Sr. No Vce=0v Vce=1v Vce=2v

(VBB)
Vcb (mV) Ib(uA) Vcb (mV) Ib(uA) Vcb (mV) Ib(uA)

1 =3v 586 24.1 566 14.3 401

2 =6v 606 53.9 599 44 589 34.1
3 =9v 618 83.8 613 73.9 608 63.9

4 =12V 626 114 623 104 619 93.8

5 =15V 632 144 629 134 626 124

6=17V 635 164 633 154 631 144

Observation table Output Circuit:

Sr. No VBB=5V VBB=6V

(VCC) VBB=0V Ib = 13.5(pA)

Vce (V) Ie(uA) Vce (V) Ie(mA) vce(V) Ie (mA)

1=3V 2.7 299 0.115 2.89 0.0871 2.91

2=6V 5.7 299 2.76 3.24 2.02 3.98

3=9V 8.7 299 5.76 3.24 5.02 3.98

4=9V 11.7 299 8.76 3.24 8.02 3.98

5=15V 14.7 299 11.8 3.24 11 3.98

6 =17V 16.7 299 13.8 3.24 13 3.98
Output Circuit Graph:

Results:

PloDng 1b against Vcb at various Vce seDngs allowed for the analysis of the input
characteris9cs and revealed the rela9onship between base current and collector-to-base
voltage under various collector-to emiRer voltages.

The output characteris9cs analysis showed the behavior of the transistor with respect to
emiRer current and collector-to-emiRer voltage varia9ons under varying base current. Vce
was ploRed against le for various 1b values.

Understanding the transistor's behavior in the common collector configura9on and how
voltage and current varia9ons affected its input and output characteris9cs is essen9al for
comprehending the transistor's prac9cal uses in electronic circuits. These analyses shed
important light on the transistor's behavior. The rela9onship between the collector-to-base
voltage (Vcb) and base current (1b) at different collector-to-emiRer voltage (Vce) seDngs is
shown on the input characteris9cs graph of the common collector (CC) transistor. It
illustrates how Vce affects the lb-Vcb rela9onship, showing near-horizontal slopes at lower
1b levels and high input impedance. The behavior of the base-collector junc9on under
various Vce condi9ons is shown in this graph.
 The rela9onship between the emiRer current (le) and the collector-to-emiRer voltage (Vce)
for various base current (1b) values is depicted in the output characteris9cs graph. It shows
how the transistor responds to changes in base current in terms of emiRer current and
collector-to-emiRer voltage varia9ons. This graph illustrates the characteris9cs of emiRer
followers at higher le levels, showing current amplifica9on while maintaining a rela9vely
constant Vce. Low output impedance at lower le values is also implied.

Conclusion:
When the emiRer-collector voltage (VCE) is kept constant, the input characteris9cs show
the rela9onship between base current (1B) and base-emiRer voltage (VBE). The graph
shows a logarithmic increase in 1B with the forward bias of VBE; as VCE values increase,
this curve steepens.

However, while base current (1B) remains constant, the output characteris9cs show a
rela9onship between collector current (IC) and emiRer-collector voltage (VCE). A nearly
horizontal segment indicates that, in spite of changes in VCE, IC is rela9vely constant.

Conclusive Remark:

The transistor's common collector (CC) characteris9cs were the subject of an experiment
that provided important behavioral insights. The input characteris9cs graph highlighted
high input impedance and Vce's impact on lb-Vcb behavior by displaying the rela9onship
between collector-to-base voltage (Vcb) and base current (1b) under varying collector-to-
emiRer voltage (Vce).
Comparably, for a range of base current (1b) values, the output characteris9cs graph
showed the rela9onship between collector-to-emiRer voltage (Vce) and emiRer
current (le). It showed emiRer follower behavior, which suggests a rela9vely constant
Vce and current amplifica9on.
To sum up, the CC configura9on provides impedance matching, current gain, and stable
voltage amplifica9on. For efficient use in electronic circuits, par9cularly in signal
amplifica9on and impedance matching applica9ons, it is essen9al to comprehend its
behavior.