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    Nyaya School of Indian Philosophy

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    jeethorizon
    The Nyaya school of Indian philosophy was founded by Aksapada Gautam Muni. It believes in logical reasoning and the scientific approach of only accepting what is in accordance with reason and experience. The Nyaya school developed techniques of inference, comparison, and relying on verbal testimony to gain valid knowledge and approach philosophy through direct realism. It accepts four valid means or pramanas of obtaining knowledge: perception, inference, comparison, and word/testimony of reliable sources.

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    Nyaya School of Indian Philosophy

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    jeethorizon
    47 views3 pages
    The Nyaya school of Indian philosophy was founded by Aksapada Gautam Muni. It believes in logical reasoning and the scientific approach of only accepting what is in accordance with reason and experience. The Nyaya school developed techniques of inference, comparison, and relying on verbal testimony to gain valid knowledge and approach philosophy through direct realism. It accepts four valid means or pramanas of obtaining knowledge: perception, inference, comparison, and word/testimony of reliable sources.

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    Indian Schools of Philosophy Nyaya

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    The Nyaya school of Indian philosophy was founded by Aksapada Gautam Muni. It believes in logical reasoning and the scientific approach of only accepting what is in accordance with reason and experience. The Nyaya school developed techniques of inference, comparison, and relying on verbal testimony to gain valid knowledge and approach philosophy through direct realism. It accepts four valid means or pramanas of obtaining knowledge: perception, inference, comparison, and word/testimony of reliable sources.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    47 views3 pages

    Nyaya School of Indian Philosophy

    Uploaded by

    jeethorizon
    The Nyaya school of Indian philosophy was founded by Aksapada Gautam Muni. It believes in logical reasoning and the scientific approach of only accepting what is in accordance with reason and experience. The Nyaya school developed techniques of inference, comparison, and relying on verbal testimony to gain valid knowledge and approach philosophy through direct realism. It accepts four valid means or pramanas of obtaining knowledge: perception, inference, comparison, and word/testimony of reliable sources.

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    Nyaya School of Indian Philosophy


    by LotusArise February 9, 2023 0 Comments

    Nyāya (Sanskrit: न्याय), literally meaning “justice”, “rules”, “method” or “judgment”,


    Founder: Aksapada Gautam Muni
    Source: Nyāya Sūtra
    According to Nyaya Philosophy, nothing is acceptable unless it is in accordance with reason
    and experience (scientific approach).
    Nyaya is regarded as a logical thinking technique.
    They believe in the process of logical reasoning to obtain salvation, as the name of the school
    implies.
    They regard life, death, and redemption as enigmas that can be deciphered via rational and
    analytical reasoning.
    Gautama, who is also known as the author of the Nyaya Sutra, is said to have developed this
    school of thought.
    According to the Nyaya Sutras, there are four ways to gain valid knowledge: perception,
    inference, comparison, and verbal testimony.
    The school claims that a human being can check the validity of a proposition or statement using
    logical techniques such as inference, listening, and analogy.
    It holds that God not only created but also sustains and destroys the Universe.
    The emphasis in this philosophy was always on methodical reasoning and thinking.
    Many treatises on epistemology (branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge) were
    written and polished by the Nyaya school, and they impacted many other schools of
    philosophy. Go to Store
    It was considered as a theory of knowledge by Nyaya, and it was evolved into Pramana-
    sastras by its experts.
    Pramana is a Sanskrit term that literally means “means of knowledge.” It refers to one or
    more trustworthy and legitimate methods for humans to get correct, real information.
    Ancient Mithila University was famous for Nyaya Shastra teaching.
    In its metaphysics, Nyaya school is closer to the Vaisheshika school of Hinduism than others.
    It holds that human suffering results from mistakes/defects produced by activity under
    wrong knowledge (notions and ignorance).
    Moksha (liberation), it states, is gained through right knowledge.
    Naiyyayika scholars approached philosophy as a form of direct realism, stating that anything
    that really exists is in principle humanly knowable.
    To them, correct knowledge and understanding is different from simple, reflexive cognition; it
    requires Anuvyavasaya (अनुव्यवसाय, cross-examination of cognition, reflective cognition of
    what one thinks one knows).
    The Naiyayikas (the Nyaya scholars) accepted four valid means (pramaṇa) of obtaining valid
    knowledge (pramana) –
    Pratyakṣa – perception
    Anumāna – inference
    Upamāna – comparison
    Sabda – word/testimony of reliable sources.

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    4 Pramanas

    Nyaya school shares some of its methodology and human suffering foundations with
    Buddhism; however, a key difference between the two is that Buddhism believes that there is
    neither a soul nor self; Nyaya school like other schools of Hinduism believes that there is a
    soul and self, with liberation (moksha) as a state of removal of ignorance, wrong knowledge,
    the gain of correct knowledge and unimpeded continuation of self.
    The Nyaya metaphysics recognizes sixteen padarthas or categories and includes all six
    categories of the Vaisheshika.

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