Republic of The Philippines

College of Education
Daraga Community College
Salvacion, Daraga Albay

Detailed Lesson Plan in

Teaching Math in the Primary Grade (MC MATH 1)

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards Demonstrate understanding of properties of
multiplication.
B. Performance Standards Is able to apply knowledge of using these
properties to multiply numbers accurately.
C. Learning Competencies Identify the properties of multiplication. Use
these properties to multiply numbers accurately.
II. SUBJECT MATTER Identifying the properties of multiplication
Reference https://www.cuemath.com/numbers/properties-
of-multiplication/
Materials Flashcards, answer sheets,
III. PROCEDURE
Teacher’s Activity Pupil’s Activity
1. Drill
 Group activity: The students will be (The students will count one to five and go to
divided into five groups. They will count their corresponding groups)
one to five for them to have a group.

Each group will be given jumbled letters

and they will form them to get the
correct words. They will also be given a
description to be a clue in forming the
words.

Group 1: Group 1:

SSAOCIATVIE ROPEPRTY

Clue: It is the changing of the grouping of

numbers does not have an effect on the
product of numbers.

Group 2: Group 2:
 MMCOUTIVETA ROPEPRTY

Clue: It states that any change in the

order of the factors does not affect the
product.
Group 3:
Group 3:

Clue: It is applied to addition

and subtraction. It is represented as,
a(b + c) = ab + ac; and a(b - c) = ab - ac.
Group 4:
Group 4:

Clue: it is also known as the Multiplicative

Identity Property states that when a
number is multiplied by 1, the product is
always the number itself.
Group 5:
Group 5:

Clue: It is when a number is multiplied

with 0, the product is always 0.
(the pupils go back to their own sits and arrange
 You did great everyone! Thank you for their chairs properly)
participating. Arrange your chairs and
Take your sits.
2. Review
 Let’s have some recap from our previous
discussion.

Who can recall our topic yesterday? (Pupil’s raising their hands quietly)
What was it being all about? Answer: Our topic yesterday was all about
Visualizes multiplication of numbers 1 to 10 by 6,
Okay! Very good. 7, 8, and 9.

Who can give example of multiplication (Pupil’s raising their hands quietly)
with answer by multiplying numbers 1 to Answer:
10 by 6, 7, 8, and 9. 2x6=12
5x7=35
Nice! Now that you can recall our 3x9=27
 previous topic, let’s have first a game.
3. Motivation
 Group activity: The students will be (The pupils will count one to five and go to their
divided into five groups. They will count corresponding groups)
one to five for them to have a group.

Each group will make a simple jingle

about the five properties of
multiplication.

They only have 15 minutes to prepare (The pupils are preparing for their jingle)
and present their jingle.

Group 1 – associative
Group 2 – distributive (Each group of the pupils are presenting their
Group 3 – commutative jingle)
Group 4 – zero
Group 5 – identity

Great Job everyone! Now, please take

your sits.
4. Presentation
1. Brief Discussion
Based on the activity that we did, what do you (Pupil’s raising their hands quietly)
think our topic for today? Answer: About properties of multiplication.

Okay! Do you know what are the five properties (The answers of the pupils are different)
of multiplication?

Got it! Since you have different answers, let’s find (The pupils are listening carefully and paying
out what are the five properties of multiplication. attention to the person speaking in front)
Listen carefully and pay attention.

The properties of multiplication are certain rules

that are used while multiplying numbers. These
properties help in simplifying expressions easily
and hence, have a significant role in solving all
kinds of mathematical expressions, whether they
are algebraic expressions, fractions, or integers.
  Associative Property of Multiplication
According to the Associative property of
multiplication, changing the grouping of numbers
does not have an effect on the product of
numbers.

For example, (4 × 6) × 3 = 4 × (6 × 3) = 72. The

formula that is used to express this property is, (a
× b) × c = a × (b × c)

 Commutative Property of Multiplication

The Commutative property of multiplication
states that any change in the order of the factors
does not affect the product.

For example, 3 × 5 × 2 = 2 × 3 × 5 = 30. The

formula of the commutative property of
multiplication is expressed as, a × b = b × a

 Distributive Property of Multiplication

The Distributive property of multiplication is
applied to addition and subtraction. It is
represented as, a(b + c) = ab + ac; and a(b - c) =
ab - ac. According to this property, when a
number is multiplied by the sum of two or more
addends given in brackets, we can solve it by
multiplying this number to both the addends
individually, and then their products are added
together. This product is the same if we multiply
the number by the sum of the two addends.

For example, let us solve 5(2 + 4) using the usual

rules of simplification where we first solve the
brackets, and then we multiply the number with
the result. This means, 5(2 + 4) = 5 × 6 = 30. Now,
when we apply the distributive property of
multiplication, we will multiply the number
outside the bracket with the first addend inside
the brackets, and then multiply the number with
the second addend inside the bracket. This
means, 5(2 + 4) = (5 × 2) + (5 × 4) = 10 + 20 = 30.
We can see that the result is the same. It should
be noted that the Distributive property of
multiplication is applied in the same way in the
case of subtraction.

 Identity Property of Multiplication

The Identity property of multiplication which is
also known as the Multiplicative Identity Property
states that when a number is multiplied by 1, the
product is always the number itself. It is
represented as, a × 1 = a. For example, 5 × 1 = 5,
or 1 × 17 = 17.

 Zero Property of Multiplication

According to the Zero property of multiplication,
when a number is multiplied with 0, the product
is always 0. It is represented as, a × 0 = 0. For
example, 42 × 0 = 0, or 0 × 23 = 0.
2. Activities
a. Individual
 Get one forth sheet of paper and answer (The pupils get their own papers)
the following equations.

Instructions: Determine the missing number and

state the property: Answers:
1) ___ x (3 + 4) = 2 x 3 + 2 x 4 1. 2 x (3 + 4) = 2 x 3 + 2 x 4
2) 9 x ____ = 0 Distributive property
3) 4 x ___ = 4 2. 9 x 0 = 0
4) 3 x 4 = 4 x ___ Zero property
5) 6 x (4 x __) = (6 x 4) x 3 3. 4 x 1 = 4
Identity property
4. 3 x 4 = 4 x 3
Commutative property
5. 6 x (4 x 3) = (6 x 4) x 3
Associative property
b. Group/Presentation Group
Output
 The students will be divided into five (The students will count one to five and go to
groups. They will count one to five for their corresponding groups)
them to have a group.

 The students will be given an index cards,

each labelled with one of the following
multiplication properties:
 Commutative Property
 Associative Property
 Identity Property
 Zero Property
 Distributive Property

Each group will have 15 minutes to create a

presentation that explains their assigned
multiplication property. They must use real-
life examples, illustrations, and explanations (The pupils are doing their group works)
to make it clear to the other groups. The
presentation should be visually appealing and
informative. The groups are not allowed to
use any electronic devices but can use
multiplication flashcards or a multiplication
table reference if needed.

c. Presentation of Group Output

 Okay class! Time’s up! Yes, teacher!

Choose your group representative to (The pupils are choosing their representative)
discuss in front your output.

Are you done choosing your

representative? If yes, lets proceed to (The representative of each group are presenting
your presentation. First to present their their output in front.)
output is the group one followed by
group two, three, four and five.
5. Concept Formation/Generalization
 Do you understand now the properties of (Yes! Teacher!)
multiplication?

Okay very good. Then if you truly

understand our discussion for today. (The pupils raising their hands and answering the
Who can recall the five properties of questions.)
multiplication? Just raise your hands
quietly, if I called your name, just give
one properties.

Commutative Property: This property tells us

that the order of the factors in a multiplication
expression does not affect the result. In other
words, when multiplying two or more numbers,
you can change the order, and the product
remains the same. For example, 3 x 4 is the same
as 4 x 3, and both result in 12. The commutative
property is like a "swappable" rule for
multiplication.

Associative Property: The associative property

allows us to change the grouping of factors in a
multiplication expression without changing the
final product. For instance, (2 x 3) x 4 is equal to 2
x (3 x 4), and both are equal to 24. This property
shows that it doesn't matter how we group the
numbers; the result remains constant.
 Identity Property: The identity property
emphasizes the importance of the number 1 in
multiplication. When you multiply any number by
1, the result is the original number. This property
reminds us that 1 serves as a multiplicative
"identity" for all numbers, as it leaves them
unchanged.

Zero Property: The zero property states that

multiplying any number by 0 results in 0. This
concept highlights the fact that zero is a powerful
"annihilator" in multiplication. Any number
multiplied by zero becomes zero, and this
property helps simplify calculations.

Distributive Property: The distributive property

shows how multiplication interacts with addition
and subtraction. It allows us to distribute a factor
across terms within parentheses. For example, 2
x (3 + 4) is equal to (2 x 3) + (2 x 4),
demonstrating the relationship between
multiplication and addition. This property is
essential for simplifying expressions and solving
algebraic equations.

Okay! Well said! Thank you for your cooperation

kids.
6. Application

You have a bag of 24 candies, and you want to Associative Property: You can group the candies
share them equally among your friends. What and your friends in various ways while keeping
properties of multiplication will help in dividing the total candies the same. For example, you can
the candies fairly? share them with three friends, giving each 6
candies: (24 ÷ 3) = 8. Or, you can decide to share
with 4 friends, giving each 6 candies: (24 ÷ 4) = 6.
The associative property shows that the grouping
doesn't change the result.

Identity Property: If you want to keep some

candies for yourself and still share equally with
your friends, you can use the identity property.
For instance, you decide to keep 4 candies for
yourself, and the remaining 20 candies are
shared equally among 5 friends. You've
multiplied the number of friends (5) by the
number of candies each friend gets (4) to find the
total candies used: 5 x 4 = 20, which matches the
number of candies you have left.
 IV. EVALUATION

 I will give you an activity sheet then

answer it correctly. Select the answers
inside the box.
Answers:
1. Which property of multiplication states
that changing the order of factors does 1. A
not affect the product? 2. B
a. Commutative property 3. B
b. Associative property 4. C
c. Identity property 5. C

2. When applying the commutative

property to the multiplication of 5 and 7,
what is the result?
a. 45
b. 35
c. 25

3. If you multiply a number by 1, what

property are you applying?
a. Zero property
b. Identity property
c. Associative property

4. Which property allows you to distribute

multiplication over addition?
a. Commutative property
b. Associative property
c. Distributive property

5. What happens when you multiply any

number by 0 according to the zero
property?
a. The result becomes 1
b. The result is always 0
c. The result is always 1
V. ASSIGNMENT

For each equation, indicate which property of

multiplication is being demonstrated:

1. 6 x 4 = 4 x 6
Answers:
a) Commutative Property
b) Associative Property 1. Commutative Property
c) Identity Property 2. Associative Property
d) Distributive Property 3. Identity Property
4. Distributive Property
2. (3 x 5) x 2 = 3 x (5 x 2) 5. Identity Property
6. Associative Property
a) Commutative Property 7. Identity Property
b) Associative Property 8. Distributive Property
c) Identity Property 9. Associative Property
d) Distributive Property 10. Identity Property

3. 7 x 1 = 7

a) Commutative Property
b) Associative Property
c) Identity Property
d) Distributive Property

4. 8 x (4 + 3) = (8 x 4) + (8 x 3)

a) Commutative Property
b) Associative Property
c) Identity Property
d) Distributive Property

5. 9 x 0 = 0

a) Commutative Property
b) Associative Property
c) Identity Property
d) Distributive Property

6. 2 x (6 x 7) = (2 x 6) x 7

a) Commutative Property
b) Associative Property
c) Identity Property
d) Distributive Property

7. 1 x 12 = 12

a) Commutative Property
b) Associative Property
c) Identity Property
d) Distributive Property

8. (5 x 9) x 0 = 5 x (9 x 0)

a) Commutative Property
b) Associative Property
c) Identity Property
d) Distributive Property

9. 3 x (8 + 2) = (3 x 8) + (3 x 2)

a) Commutative Property
b) Associative Property
c) Identity Property
d) Distributive Property

10. 4 x 1 = 4

a) Commutative Property
b) Associative Property
c) Identity Property
d) Distributive Property