Combined Footing Design

Column A = 400 x 400; Load = 1200 KN , Column

Fck = 20 N/mm2 , Fy = 415 N / mm2.
Condition : Column A is 0.5 m away from property Li

Strength of Concrete, fck

Tensile Strength of Steel,fy
Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil
Distance of Column A from property Line,
C/c distance b/w Columns, Lc/c=
Input

Column dimension,b
Column dimension,l
Dead Load (Unfactored Load or { Working L
Self wt. of footing { 10% of Working Load
Total Working Load
 Ultimate Load Pu { Factored Load}
Total Working Load From (Column A & Column B)
Total Ultimate Load Pu From (Column A & Column B
Let, the C.G of Column load and C.G. of Footing Coin
distance x from the center of Column A,
x=
Distance of Column B from Edge, a2 = (L - (a1

1. Required Area of Footing =(Tot Working Ld /SBC)

Length of Footing, L/2 = (a1 + x), Hence, L=
So, width, B = A
Provide Rectangular Footing of Siz
Area Provided = L x B
2. Net Upward pressure (w) of footing Area Po=(Pu /
Load per m width of footing =

Step 3 : SF and B.M diagrams:-

S.F. left of A=
S.F. Right of A=
S.F. left of B=
S.F. Right of B=
Let, the point where the S.F. is zero be at distanc
from point A

3. Depth of the Footing on the basis of BM

Bending Moment Calculation
B.M AT COLUMN A, Mx = w a12/2
B.M. AT COLUMN B, My = w a22/2

Maximum Hogging B.M. , Taking Moment about poi

Mmax= Mulim { 0.138 fck b d2}
d = Mmx/(0.138 fck b)
Assuming Effective Footing Depth (Minimum
Clear Cover
Assume bar dia
bar dia/2
Total Depth, D
4. Area of steel For Hogging B.M, M1u (TOP STEEL)
Pt
Area of Steel
Min Area of Steel (0.12 % x B x D)/100

Area of Steel Required

Assume bar dia

Area of One Bar
No. of Bars
Provide No. of Bars
Spacing Required
Spacing Provided
Area of Steel Provided
Pt provided
Provide 18 Nos.- #16mm @ 150 mm
4. Area of steel For Sagging B.M, (AT COLUMN A)
Pt
Area of Steel
Min Area of Steel
(0.12 % x B x D)/100
Area of Steel Required
Assume bar dia
Area of One Bar
No. of Bars
Provide No. of Bars
Spacing Required
Spacing Provided
Area of Steel Provided
Pt provided
Provide #12mm @ 180 mm c/c a

Design of Column Strips as Transverse

A. Transverse Beam under Column A
Factored Load per unit length of Beam, w
Projection of Beam beyond Column Face a1=

Maximum Moment at Column Face, Mu= w x a1

Width of Beam = (Width of Column + 2d)
(percentage of Steel) required, pt
Area of Steel , Ast
Min Area of Steel (0.12 % x B x D)/100
Area of Steel Required
Assume bar dia
Area of One Bar
No. of Bars
Provide No. of Bars
Spacing Required
Spacing Provided
Provide #12mm @ 50 mm c/c along Shorter
5. One Way Shear Check ( Critical section is at d From
Shear force at dist d from Column B
Widthfor shaded area,W1 =
Shear Force on shaded Area,Vu= (Po X W1 X L)
Nominal Shear Stress = (Tau_V = Vumax/B * d)
For Solid Slab, Design Shear Strength of Concreate [
Tau_c] , (Page No. 72, K=1)
Permissble Shear Strength of Concrete, from Table
Tau_C =

Now, Tau_v < Tau_c

 Interpolation to find Tau_c

Ptprov (%)
0.25
0.16
0.5

6. Punching Shear Check (Two Way Shear Check)

Check for the punching Shea
Ultimate Load
Effective Depth of Footing,d
 Critical Perimeter for Punching =[2*(d+l+d+
Area within the critical perimeter
Ultimate punching force outside critical ar
Nominal Punching Shear Stress
=(Ultimate punching force/(perimeter *
Allowable Punching Shear Stress = Ks Tau_c,
0.5 + Bc =1 , so Ks= 1 for Square Column &
{0.25Sq(fck)}

Now, Tau_v < Tau_c

7. Bearing Stress on Column = 1.5
of Column
Bearing Capacity of Concrete =
* 0.45 * fck}
A1= (400X2 + 500 + 400 X2 ) X (400 X2 + 500 + 4
A2= 300 * 300 (Area of Column)
Sqr (A1/A2)
NOTE: If Sqr(A1/A2) >2, Then take it as 2
NOTE : Bearing Capacity of Concrete should be gr
Bearing Stress on Column
x600 having Load =1600 KN, Both columns are 4 m aw

20 N/mm2
500 N/mm2
200 KN/m2
0.50 m
2.5 m
Value Unit
Column A Column B
400 600 mm
400 600 mm
1200 1600 kN
180 240 kN
1380 1840 kN
1800 2400 KN
3080 KN
4200 KN

1.43 m 1428.57
1.00 m

15.40 m2
4.0 m 4000
3.9 m 3850
4.0 m x 3.9 m
15.6 m
269.23 KN/m2

1050.00 KN/m

UNIT
525.00 KN
-1275.00 KN
1350.00 KN
-1050.00 KN
 1.21 m

UNIT
131.25 KNm
525.00 KNm
642.86
KNm
0.133
249 mm
450 mm
50 mm
16 mm
8 mm
508 mm
 642.86 KNm
0.20 %
3455.84 mm2
2377.44 mm2

3455.84 mm2

16 mm
200.96 mm2
17.20 Nos.
18 Nos.
226.79 mm
150.00 mm
3617.28 mm2
0.209 %
g Shorter Span
 131.25 KNm

0.04 %
677.46 mm2
2346.96 mm2

2346.96 mm2
12 mm
113.04 mm2
20.76 Nos.
21 Nos.
186.70 mm
180.00 mm
2373.84 mm2
0.137 %
orter Span
467.53 KN/m
1725.00 mm

695.60 KNm
1300 mm
0.22 %
1269.34 mm2
2346.96 mm2
2346.96 mm2
12 mm
113.04 mm2
20.76 Nos.
21 Nos.
59.40 mm
50.00 mm
 250 mm
262.50 KN
0.15 N/mm2

0.32 N/mm2

OK , Safe in One Way

Shear
 For M20 Shear
Strength
Tau_C
(N/mm2)
0.36
0.318
0.48

umn A
1800 KN
450.0 mm
 3400 mm
722500 mm2
1605.5 KN

1.05 N/mm2

1.12 N/mm2

OK, SAFE IN TWO WAY

SHEAR
 11.25 N/mm2

18 N/mm2
4840000 mm2
160000 mm2
5.50
2
OK
th columns are 4 m away from each other, Safe Bear
TRANSVERSE BENDING
4. Area of steel For Sagging B.M, (AT
COLUMN B)
Pt
. Area of Steel
Min Area of Steel
(0.12 % x B x D)/100
Area of Steel Required
Assume bar dia
Area of One Bar
No. of Bars
Provide No. of Bars
Spacing Required
Spacing Provided
Area of Steel Provided
Pt provided
Provide #12mm @ 150 mm c/c along Sho

Design of Column Strips as Transverse

B. Transverse Beam under Column B
Factored Load per unit length of Beam, w=
Projection of Beam beyond Column Face , a1=
Maximum Moment at Column Face,
Mu= w x a12 /2
Width of Beam = (Width of Column + 2d)
(percentage of Steel) required, pt
Area of Steel , Ast
Min Area of Steel (0.12 % x B x D)/100
Area of Steel Required
Assume bar dia
Area of One Bar
No. of Bars
Provide No. of Bars
Spacing Required
Spacing Provided
Provide #12mm @ 70 mm c/c along Shor
 A

400
400
B= 3.9m

L= 4.0m
 ONE WAY SHEA

6. Punching Shear Check (Two Way Shear Check)

Check for the punching Shear for Colu
Ultimate Load
Effective Depth of Footing,d
 Critical Perimeter for Punching =[2*(d+l+d+b)]
Area within the critical perimeter
Ultimate punching force outside critical area

Nominal Punching Shear Stress Tau_v

Allowable Punching Shear Stress = Ks Tau_c,

Now, Tau_v < Tau_c

fe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 250 KN/m2

1200 KN
 400
B= 3.9m
400 A
X
a1
0.50 m
 1800 KN

0.50 m

525.00 KN
(+)
0.50 m
A
(-)

1275.00 KN
A

(+)

131 KNm
 400 mm

0.50 m

D= 508 mm

1300
21Nos - #12mm dia
 525.00 KNm

0.16 %
2796.15 mm2
2346.96 mm2

2796.15 mm2
12 mm
113.04 mm2
24.74 Nos.
25 Nos.
155.58 mm
150.00 mm
2826.00 mm2
0.163 %
ong Shorter Span

sverse Beams
 623.38 KN/m
1625.00 mm
823.05 KNm
B= 3.9m
1500 mm
0.26 %
1978.67 mm2
2346.96 mm2
2346.96 mm2
12 mm
113.04 mm2
20.76 Nos.
21 Nos.
74.40 mm
70.00 mm
ong Shorter Span
 250 mm

B
d
600
600
AY SHEAR CHECK

eck)
for Column B
2400 KN
450.0 mm
 4200 mm
1102500 mm2
2103.2 KN

1.11 N/mm2

1.12 N/mm2

OK, SAFE IN TWO WAY

SHEAR
KN/m2

1600 KN

2.50 m
 LONGITUDINAL BENDING

L/2

x̅̅̅
1.43 m 1.07m

600

2.50 m

L= 4.0 m
 Y 2400 KN

2.50 m

1050.00 KN/m

1350.00 KN

(+)
x=1.21 m 1.29 m
C

1050.00 KN
S.F Diagram
 643 KNm

(-)

C
D E

B.M Diagram
 600 mm
#12mm dia bars (Distributors)

18Nos - #16mm dia

2.50 m

L= 4.0m

25Nos - #12mm dia

 #12mm dia bars (Distributors)
1800 KN

D= 508 mm

B= 3.9m

1300 mm
L= 4.0m
623.38 KN/m
 Critical Perime

TWO WAY SHEAR CHECK

600 KN
 B
X
600 a2
1.00 m
x
2400 KN

1.00 m

50.00 KN

1.00 m
B (-)

50.00 KN
B

(+)

525 KNm
600 mm

1.00 m

1500
21Nos - #12mm dia

18Nos - #16mm dia

 2400 KN
rs (Distributors)

L= 4.0m

#12mm dia bars (Distributors)

21Nos - #12mm dia

1500 mm
 A

2400 KN
Sec A-A
ritical Perimeter

CHECK
 25Nos - #12mm dia

21Nos - #12mm dia

istributors)
0.5 d