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Lecture 5 FIR Digital Filter Design Numerical

This document discusses the Fourier series method for designing digital filters. It describes how Fourier series can be used to realize the amplitude response of a filter while maintaining a linear phase response. The key steps of the Fourier series design procedure are outlined, including representing the desired transfer function as a Fourier series and truncating it to obtain a finite impulse response filter. Examples are provided to illustrate the design process. Issues like the Gibbs phenomenon caused by truncation are also mentioned.

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Priya Nandwani
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249 views30 pages

Lecture 5 FIR Digital Filter Design Numerical

This document discusses the Fourier series method for designing digital filters. It describes how Fourier series can be used to realize the amplitude response of a filter while maintaining a linear phase response. The key steps of the Fourier series design procedure are outlined, including representing the desired transfer function as a Fourier series and truncating it to obtain a finite impulse response filter. Examples are provided to illustrate the design process. Issues like the Gibbs phenomenon caused by truncation are also mentioned.

Uploaded by

Priya Nandwani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Program: B. Tech., ECE, Sem.

5th , 3rd Year


ECL0519: Digital Signal Processing
Unit 4
Lecture 5
Filter Design Fourier Series Method Numerical

Dr. Sadhana Mishra


Assistant Professor
SOET/ECE
Outlines
• Design Techniques
• Fourier Series Method
• Numerical/Examples
• Exercise
• References

<ECL0519> 1
Fourier Series Method

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


In the design of digital filters, two interesting situations are
(i) For filtering applications, the main interest is in the amplitude response of the
filter, where some portion of the input signal spectrum is to be attenuated and
some portion is to be passed to the output with no attenuation.

This should be accomplished without phase distortion.

Thus the amplitude response is realized by using only a real transfer function. That
is

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


(ii) For filtering plus quadrature phase shift, the applications include
integrators, differentiators and Hilbert transform devices.

For all these applications, the desired transfer function is imaginary.

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


Linear phase filters are those filters in which the phase delay and group delay
are constants, i.e. independent of frequency.

Linear phase filters are also called constant time delay filters.

Let us obtain the conditions FIR filters must satisfy in order to have
constant phase and group delays and hence obtain the conditions for
having a linear phase. For the phase response to be linear,

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


Design Equations

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>
<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>
Design Procedure

The procedure for designing an FIR digital filter using the Fourier series
method is summarized as follows.

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


Gibbs phenomenon

There are two problems involved in the implementation of FIR filters using
this technique.
The transfer function H(e^ jw) represents a non-causal digital filter of
infinite duration.
A finite duration causal filter can be obtained by truncating the infinite
duration impulse response and delaying the resulting finite duration
impulse response.
This modification does not effect the amplitude response of the filter;
however, the abrupt truncation of the Fourier series results in oscillations
in the passband and stopband.
These oscillations are due to slow convergence of the Fourier series,
particularly near the points of discontinuity. This effect is known as the
Gibbs phenomenon. These undesirable oscillations can be reduced by
multiplying the desired impulse response coefficients by an appropriate
window function.

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


Example

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


Example 7.3

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


Example

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


Example

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


Example

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


Example

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


Example

<SELO: 1,2> <Reference No.: T1>


Example

<SELO: 1,2>
Example

<SELO: 1,2>
Example

<SELO: 1,2>
Example

<SELO: 1,2>
Example

<SELO: 1,2>
Example

<SELO: 1,2>
Example

<SELO: 1,2>
Example

<SELO: 1,2>
Example

<SELO: 1,2>
Exercise

Q. Explain the role magnitude & phase Response


of FIR digital filters.

<SELO: 1,2>
References

T1. Salivahanan, "Digital Signal Processing", TMH

T2. John G. Prokias, Dimitris G Manolakis, "Digital Signal


Processing", Pearson Education

R1. Oppenheim & Schafer, "Digital Signal Processing" PHI

R2. Johnny R. Johnson, "Digital Signal Processing", PHI


R3.
https://www.pdfdrive.com/digital-signal-processing-a-computer-
based-approach-mitra-s-2nd-d40124458.html

<Subject Code> <Page No.>

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