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    0 Loads On Structures TDS III

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    ozian yayehyrad
    The document defines structures from engineering and dictionary perspectives and discusses the structure of buildings. It explains that a building's primary function is to support and transmit loads to the ground through an organized arrangement of elements. Various types of loads on structures are defined, including dead loads from building materials, live loads from occupancy, and wind and earthquake loads. The document notes that loads can be point loads, distributed loads, or vary over time, and that designers must account for all possible load scenarios to ensure structural efficiency and safety.

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    0 Loads On Structures TDS III

    Uploaded by

    ozian yayehyrad
    13 views16 pages
    The document defines structures from engineering and dictionary perspectives and discusses the structure of buildings. It explains that a building's primary function is to support and transmit loads to the ground through an organized arrangement of elements. Various types of loads on structures are defined, including dead loads from building materials, live loads from occupancy, and wind and earthquake loads. The document notes that loads can be point loads, distributed loads, or vary over time, and that designers must account for all possible load scenarios to ensure structural efficiency and safety.

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    0 Loads on Structures TDS III

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    The document defines structures from engineering and dictionary perspectives and discusses the structure of buildings. It explains that a building's primary function is to support and transmit loads to the ground through an organized arrangement of elements. Various types of loads on structures are defined, including dead loads from building materials, live loads from occupancy, and wind and earthquake loads. The document notes that loads can be point loads, distributed loads, or vary over time, and that designers must account for all possible load scenarios to ensure structural efficiency and safety.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views16 pages

    0 Loads On Structures TDS III

    Uploaded by

    ozian yayehyrad
    The document defines structures from engineering and dictionary perspectives and discusses the structure of buildings. It explains that a building's primary function is to support and transmit loads to the ground through an organized arrangement of elements. Various types of loads on structures are defined, including dead loads from building materials, live loads from occupancy, and wind and earthquake loads. The document notes that loads can be point loads, distributed loads, or vary over time, and that designers must account for all possible load scenarios to ensure structural efficiency and safety.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16

    Theory and Design of Structures III

    Arch 2191
    Structure
    Dictionary definition
    Everything even intangible things as thought,
    emotions and social relationships frequently have
    definite pattern called Structure.

    The dictionary definition of a structure is;


    “the organization or interrelation of all
    parts of a whole.”
    Structure
    Engineering Definition
     Structure can be defined as the assemblage of those
    parts that exist for the purpose of maintaining shape
    and stability.
    Structure of a Building
    The primary function of a
    building structure is to
    support and transmit the
    loads and forces to the
    ground.

    Structures is a way of
    achieving the most
    strength from the least
    material through the most
    appropriate arrangement of
    elements with a form
    suitable for its intended use
    Loads (Actions)
    Loads can be;
    Point, uniformly distributed or distributed.
    Permanent, variable or accidental.
    Static, impact or dynamic.
    Loads
    Dead Loads (DL) –fixed loads
     building materials/components and the weight of
    structural components
    Loads (continued)
    Live Loads (LL) – transient and moving loads
     Occupancy loads (usage) and furnishing loads
     Stored materials
     Movable partitions
     Movable machinery
     Snow loads
     Construction loads

     Live Load maybe variable during


    structures lifetime
     Building codes specify these loads
    for floor and roof loadings
    Loads (continued)
    Wind Load (WL) –
    wind load generates
     Lateral load on walls
     Downward and upward
    pressure on roofs
    Loads (continued)
    Wind against a building builds
    up a positive pressure on the
    windward side and a negative
    pressure (or suction) on the
    leeward side.
    Depending upon the shape of
    the structure it may also cause
    a negative pressure on the side
    walls or even the roof.
    Loads (continued)
    The pressure on the walls and roof
    is not uniform, but varies across
    the surface.
    Winds can apply loads to structures
    from unexpected directions. Thus,
    a designer must be well aware of
    the dangers implied by this lateral
    load.
    Loads (continued)
    Wind pressure on buildings
    increases with increasing
    velocity, height & exposure.
    The magnitude of the pressure
    that acts upon the surfaces is
    proportional to the square of
    the wind speed.
    Loads (continued)
    Earthquake Loads (EQ)
     Seismic load depends on
    building mass, type and
    configuration.
     Vertical and lateral forces
    (dynamic)
     Building codes can
    simplify loading
    A “good” design?
     The building dead load is the only known
    load. All other forces will vary in
    magnitude, duration and location.
     The building is designed for design load
    possibilities that may never occur.
     The structural efficiency of a building is
    measured as the ratio of dead to live
    load.The building designer strives to keep
    the ratio low.
    Load path
    Load path

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