DEPARTMENT OF QUANTITY SURVEYING

KULIYYAH OF ARCHITECTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN

INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA (IIUM)
LAB REPORT

YEAR :1

SEMESTER/SESSION : SEMESTER 1, SESSION 2023/2024

COURSE : ENVIRONMENTAL AND MATERIAL SCIENCES

COURSE CODE : BAQS 1161

LAB REPORT TITLE : CONCRETE

EVALUATOR’S NAME : ASST. PROF. DR. SHARINA FARIHAH HASAN

DATE OF SUBMISSION : 22ND NOVEMBER 2023

MOHAMAD DANIAL ADAM BIN NOORHALIM 2314013

AZWAR AMIER BIN AZMAI 2315729
'AINAN NUR 'IFFAH BINTI ABD HAMID 2314928
NUR ALIA KAUTHAR BINTI MUHD ASTAHAIRI 2312994
NURUL FATIHAH BINTI RADZI 2316388

TO BE FILL BY THE EVALUATOR :

SCORE :

REMARKS :
INTRODUCTION

Concrete is a hardened building material created by combining a chemically inert mineral

aggregate (usually sand, gravel, or crushed stone), a binder (cement), chemical additives, and
water. The most crucial step in this process is to determine the proportions of ingredients that
will make up the concrete.

There are many variables to consider during the calculations. Some of them are cement type,
aggregate size and type, amount of water, and mineral and chemical admixtures. While a good
mix design can still result in inadequate or poor-quality concrete if it is not executed correctly,
a bad mix design will of course always give poor results. Therefore, before the process of
mixing, calculations of proportion of material must be done.

In the industry, the process of producing concrete starts with batching which means weighing
of all the materials needed to make the concrete. This is followed by mixing, transporting,
placing, compaction and curing. However, before transporting the concrete, manufacturers will
do slump test to determine the workability of concrete. In this laboratory session, we did a
small-scale of making concrete. All the processes were done and was up to 4 times to test the
hardening of the concrete when the ingredients were mixed.

WHAT IS SLUMP TEST

Concrete slump test is done to determine the workability or consistency of concrete mix
prepared at the laboratory or the construction site during the progress of the work. Usually,
concrete slump test is be carried out from group to group to check the quality of concrete that
will be use on construction.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of this report were to:

• Understand the process of creating concrete and the main constituents of concrete.
• Successfully work as a team to complete the experimental while being aware of the lab
safety hazards.
• Record, analyse and interpret data.
• Present the observations and results attained.
• Provide a discussion on the observations and results attained.
TOOLS

A non-porous timber or steel base platform, a slump cone, 600mm steel tamping rod, 60cm
steel ruler, cement trowel, steel bucket and brick trowel and scoop.

• Steel base platform

• Slump cone

• 600mm steel rod

• 60cm steel ruler

• Steel bucket

• Cement trowel
 • Scoop

• Brick trowel

MATERIALS

• Fine Aggregate (Sand)

• Coarse Aggregate (Gravel)

• Cement

• Water
PROCEDURE

1. The quantity of cement, sand and coarse aggregate were taking as well as weighed
according to the ratio that was calculated. Make sure the aggregates are dry.
2. Then, placed the sand and cement together into steel base platform and mixed using a
shovel and trowel for 10 minutes.

3. After the mixed blend well together, the coarse aggregate (grovel) was added and mixed
thoroughly.

4. Few minutes later, add the water to the dry cement ingredient and mixed it using shovel
and cement trowel until it mixes well.
5. Firmly, hold the slump cone using two hands on the steel base platform.

6. Concrete is poured into the slump cone little by little using a scoop and compacted
using steel rod.

7. Clean concrete that fell on the plate and start to remove the cone slowly by lifting it
vertically.
8. Wait for the concrete to stabilize, measure the concrete using a ruler.
DATA COLLECTION/OUTPUT

Attempt The distance of reduction slump(cm) Types of slumps

1 5.4 True slump

2 3.0 True slump

3 1.9 True slump

4 8.3 Shear slump

DISCUSSION

From the conducted test, most of the attempts that had been done resulted in producing true
slumps where the distance of reduction happened to be around 1-6 cm from the slump cone
height, which is its workability low and less fluid. True slumps demonstrated that the concrete
mixture is at the optimum consistency and achieved the compatible mixture desired. However,
more water was added in the last attempts to produce shear slump for observation purpose,
indicating that shear slump is a result from mixture that is too wet where the distance of
reduction is 8.3 cm. In the construction process, concrete mixture that is too wet may not be
suitable to be used as it is liable to crack and scale as it lacks cohesion and stability. Therefore,
additional admixtures may be added to ensure the mixture to be more suitable for construction
purposes.

The slumped concrete takes various shapes and according to the profile of slumped concrete,
the slump is termed as true slump, shear slump and collapse slump. If a shear or collapse slump
is achieved in the test, a fresh sample should be taken and the test repeated. A collapse slump
means the mix is too wet. A change in slump height is depends on the ratio of the concrete
ingredients and how the ingredients are adjusted to keep a concrete batch constituently makes.
This similarity improves the quality and structural integrity of the concrete.
 Workability Slump(mm) Uses
0 – 25
Very Low Road

25 – 50
Low Mass Concrete work,
Reinforce concrete work
with or without vibration
25 – 100
Medium Flat Slabs and Reinforced
Concrete with vibrations
100 – 175
High For section with congested
reinforcement,

CONCLUSION

All in all, slump test of concrete is to measures the consistency of fresh concrete before it sets
in construction. This test is carried out to check the workability of new made concrete, and
therefore the ease with which concrete flows. Slump test can also be used as indicator of an
improperly mixed batch to divide the good concrete and the bad. This test is popular among
manufacturers because the simple apparatus used and easy procedure. The slump test is used
to ensure consistency for different loads of concrete. The other test that known as slump-flow
test is only used for workable concrete, which is concrete that not maintain the shape after
removing slump cone.
REFERENCES

• Haseeb Jamal, Feb 16, 2017, Theory and Lab Test,

https://www.aboutcivil.org/concrete-slump-test.html
• Er. Madhu Krishna Poudel, March 26, 2020, Slump Test of Concrete,
https://dreamcivil.com/slump-test/
• Mustakim Sedek, Jan 16, 2011, Slump Test,
https://www.scribd.com/doc/46944936/Slump-Test
• Yasmine Haslan, Sep 22, 2017, Slump Test Report Dcc 2042,
https://www.slideshare.net/yasminehaslann/slump-test-report-dcc-2042
• Dibyandu Pal, December 18, 2019, Lab Report for Slump Test of Concrete,
https://www.civilenggnotes.com/lab-report-for-slump-test-of-concrete-workability/