AMA1003 Mathematics for Applied Science

Topic 2 Functions
Tutorial 2A – Solutions

1. Examine the following diagrams and determine if they are one-one functions.

y y

(a) (d)
0 x 0 x

Not One-one function Not One-one function

y y

(b) (e)
0 x 0 x

Not One-one function One-one function

y y

(c) (f)
0 x 0 x

Not One-one function Not One-one function

AMA1003 Mathematics for Applied Science/Tutorial 2A 1

2. Given f(x) = x and g(x) = x 3 , evaluate the following:

(a) f −1 (x) (f) gf(x)

f −1 (x) = 𝐱 gf(x) = 𝐱 𝟑

(b) g −1 (x) (g) f −1 g(x)

𝟑
g −1 (x) = √𝐱 f −1 g(x) = 𝐱 𝟑

(c) f 2 (x) (h) g −1 f(x)

f 2 (x) = (x) = 𝐱 3 𝟑
g −1 f(x) = √(x) = √𝐱

(d) g 2 (x) (i) f(x) ∙ g(x)

g 2 (x) = (x 3 )3 = 𝐱 𝟗 f(x) ∙ g(x) = x ∙ x 3 = 𝐱 𝟒

(e) fg(x) (j) gg −1 (x)

3
fg(x) = (x)3 = 𝐱 𝟑 3
gg −1 (x) = ( √x) = 𝐱

3. Determine the composite function fg(x) and fg(1) of the following functions:

f(x) = 2x + 3 f(x) = x 2 + 2
(a) (b)
g(x) = x 2 + 5 g(x) = x + 4

fg(x) = f(x 2 + 5) = 2(x 2 + 5) + 3 = 𝟐𝐱 𝟐 + 𝟏𝟑

(a)
fg(1) = 2(1)2 + 13 = 𝟏𝟓

fg(x) = f(x + 4) = (𝐱 + 𝟒)𝟐 + 𝟐

(b)
fg(1) = (1 + 4)2 + 2 = 𝟐𝟕

AMA1003 Mathematics for Applied Science/Tutorial 2A 2

4. Given that f(x) = 4 + 3x and g(x) = x 3 . Determine the following:

(a) fg(x) and fg(1) (b) gf(x) and gf(1)

fg(x) = f(x 3 ) = 4 + 3(x 3 ) = 𝟒 + 𝟑𝐱 𝟑

(a)
fg(1) = 4 + 3(1)3 = 𝟕

gf(x) = g(4 + 3x) = (𝟒 + 𝟑𝐱)𝟑

(b)
gf(1) = [4 + 3(1)]3 = 𝟑𝟒𝟑

3
5. Given f(x) = x−2 and g(x) = √x + 2.

(a) Write down the domain for f(x) and g(x).

(b) Find fg(x) and gf(x).

(c) Write down the domain for fg(x) and gf(x).

Domain for 𝐟(𝐱), 𝒙 ≠ 𝟐

(a)
Domain for 𝐠(𝐱), 𝒙 ≥ −𝟐
𝟑
fg(x) = (√𝐱+𝟐)−𝟐
(b)
3 3+2𝑥−4 𝟐𝒙−𝟏
gf(x) = √(x−2) + 2 = √( ) = √ 𝒙−𝟐
𝑥−2

Domain for 𝐟𝐠(𝐱): 𝐱 ≥ −𝟐, 𝐱 ≠ 𝟐

(c) 𝟏
Domain for 𝐠𝐟(𝐱): 𝐱 ≤ 𝐨𝐫 𝐱 > 𝟐
𝟐

4
6. Given that p(x) = √x + 8, determine if the following function input values, p(−24) and
p(248) are in the domain of the function. Write down the domain of the function.

4
p(−24) = √−24 + 8 = 𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐟𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐝
Since 𝐩(−𝟐𝟒) is undefined, 𝒙 = −𝟐𝟒 is NOT in the domain of 𝐩(𝐱).

4
p(248) = √248 + 8 = 𝟒
Since 𝐩(𝟐𝟒𝟖) is real, 𝒙 = 𝟐𝟒𝟖 is in the domain of 𝐩(𝐱).
Domain for 𝐩(𝐱): 𝐱 ≥ −𝟖

AMA1003 Mathematics for Applied Science/Tutorial 2A 3

7. Find the inverse function of the following:

(a) f(x) = 3x 3 + 3 (b) g(x) = 8x 2 + 5

(c) f(x) = 5x − 7 (d) f(x) = 3 + 4x 2 , x < 0

(a) f(x) = 3x 3 + 3

Method 1 Method 2
Let y = 3x 3 + 3 f(x) = 3x 3 + 3
3x 3 + 3 = y Let y = 𝑓 −1 (𝑥)
3x 3 = y − 3 f(y) = 3y 3 + 3
y−3 x = 3y 3 + 3
x3 =
3
−𝟏 (𝐱)
𝒙 − 𝟑 𝟏/𝟑
𝐲=𝐟 =[ ]
y − 3 1/3 3 y − 3 𝟑
x= ( ) =√
3 3

−𝟏
𝐱 − 𝟑 𝟏/𝟑 𝟑 𝐱 − 𝟑
𝐟 (𝐱) = ( ) =√
𝟑 𝟑

(b) g(x) = 8x 2 + 5

Method 1 Method 2
Let y = 8x 2 + 5 g(x) = 8x 2 + 5
8𝑥 2 = 𝑦 − 5 Let y = g −1 (x)
1 g(y) = 8x 2 + 5
𝑦−5 2 𝑦−5
x=( ) =√ x = 8𝑦 2 + 5
8 8
𝟏
𝟏 𝒙−𝟓 𝟐
𝒙−𝟓 𝒙−𝟓
𝟐 𝒚 = 𝒈−𝟏 (𝒙) = ( )
𝐠 −𝟏 (𝐱) = ( ) =√ 𝟖
𝟖 𝟖

AMA1003 Mathematics for Applied Science/Tutorial 2A 4

 (c) f(x) = 5x − 7

Method 1 Method 2

Let y = 5x − 7 f(x) = 5x − 7

5x = y + 7 Let y = f −1 (x)
y+7 f(y) = 5y − 7
x=
5 x = 5y − 7
𝐱+𝟕 𝐱+𝟕
𝐟 −𝟏 (𝐱) = 𝐲 = 𝐟 −𝟏 (𝐱) =
𝟓 𝟓

(d) f(x) = 3 + 4x 2 , x < 0

Method 2
Method 1
f(x) = 3 + 4x 2
2
Let y = 3 + 4x
Let y = f −1 (x)
y−3
x2 = f(y) = 3 + 4y 2
4
1 x = 3 + 4y 2
y−3 y−32
x=( ) =√ 𝟏
4 4 𝐱−𝟑 𝟐
𝑦 = 𝐟 −𝟏 (𝐱) = ( )
𝟏
𝟒
𝐱−𝟑 𝟐 𝐱−𝟑
𝐟 −𝟏 (𝐱) = ( ) =√ 𝐱−𝟑
𝟒 𝟒 =√
𝟒

AMA1003 Mathematics for Applied Science/Tutorial 2A 5

8. The function f(x) is defined by f(x) = x 2 + 2x − 3.

(a) Prove that f(x) is not a one-one function.

(b) Does the inverse function f −1 (x) exists?

(c) Write down the domain of f(x) such that f −1 (x) exists.

(a)

Not one-one function

(b) 𝐟 −𝟏 (𝐱) does not exist.

Domain of 𝐟(𝐱): 𝐱 𝛜 𝐑, 𝐱 ≥ −𝟏
(c) Domain of 𝐟(𝐱): 𝐱 𝛜 𝐑, 𝐱 ≤ −𝟏

AMA1003 Mathematics for Applied Science/Tutorial 2A 6