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Eex5453 Lab03 2020-2021

This document describes a lab experiment on single-phase PWM inverters in PSIM software. It includes two simulation tasks to analyze the effects of amplitude modulation ratio (Ma) and frequency modulation ratio (Mf). For task 1, the student varies Ma from 0.1 to 1 and records the output voltage peak amplitude. For task 2, the student varies Mf from 10 to 200 and observes the number of peaks in the frequency spectrum up to 20 kHz. The document also includes three post-lab assignments on a multilevel inverter simulation, developing a bipolar PWM inverter, and designing LC filters for the PWM inverters.

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26 views7 pages

Eex5453 Lab03 2020-2021

This document describes a lab experiment on single-phase PWM inverters in PSIM software. It includes two simulation tasks to analyze the effects of amplitude modulation ratio (Ma) and frequency modulation ratio (Mf). For task 1, the student varies Ma from 0.1 to 1 and records the output voltage peak amplitude. For task 2, the student varies Mf from 10 to 200 and observes the number of peaks in the frequency spectrum up to 20 kHz. The document also includes three post-lab assignments on a multilevel inverter simulation, developing a bipolar PWM inverter, and designing LC filters for the PWM inverters.

Uploaded by

amilapradeepsaranga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Open University of Sri Lanka

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering


Bachelor of Technology Honors in Engineering – Level 5
EEX 5453 – Power Electronics
Academic Year 2020/2021
Lab 3 – Inverters
Report Due Date:

Experiment 1 – Single Phase PWM Inverter with unipolar switching in PSIM


Create the following single phase inverter circuit using PSIM software.

Figure 1 – Circuit Diagram

Adjust your simulation control settings to match following settings.

Figure 2 - Simulation Control

1
PWM Modulation
You can obtain unipolar modulated PWM signals using following configuration. (Refer to Day
School 3 materials to get more understanding about unipolar and bipolar PWM.)

Figure 3 -Unipolar PWM Generator

Following are the attributes of waveform generators.


Carrier Wave: 2 V peak to peak. 10 kHz, 0.5 Duty Cycle, Triangular Wave, DC offset = -1 V
Sinewave 1: 2 V peak to Peak 50 Hz, Phase Angle: 0 degrees
Sinewave 2: 2 V peak to Peak 50 Hz, Phase Angle: 180 degrees

Figure 4 - Attribute of waveforms

2
Simulation Tasks (Following sections cover CLO7 of EEX5453)
Task 1: Effect of Amplitude modulation ratio (Ma)
The amplitude modulation ratio 𝑀𝑎 is defined as the ratio of the amplitudes of the reference
and carrier signals. In this part, you will understand how this parameter will affect the filtered
output of an inverter.
𝑉𝑚, 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝑀𝑎 =
𝑉𝑚, 𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑟
1. Set the resistor to R = 12 Ω.
2. Fix the carrier frequency to 10 kHz and duty cycle to 50%.
3. Fix frequency of both sine wave reference to 50 Hz.
4. Set the input dc voltage to 100 V.
5. First, set both sine references and triangular wave to 1 V peak amplitude, so that the
𝑀𝑎 will be equal to 1.
6. Observe the filtered output waveform and measure the Peak amplitude of the output
sinewave.
7. Repeat above steps with varying Ma from 0.9 to 0.1 in steps of 0.1. Record your
observations in the observation sheet.
8. Plot a graph by taking 𝑀𝑎 as X axis and Output voltage peak amplitude as Y axis.
9. Do you see a relationship between output voltage and 𝑀𝑎 .
10. Comment on your observations.

Task 2: Effect of Frequency modulation ratio (𝑀𝑓 )

The frequency modulation ratio 𝑀𝑓 is defined as the ratio of the frequencies of the carrier and
reference signals. In this part, you will understand how this parameter will affect the un-filtered
output of an inverter.
𝑓, 𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑟
𝑀𝑓 =
𝑓, 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒

1. Set the resistor to R = 12 Ω.


2. Fix the carrier wave duty cycle to 50%.
3. Fix frequency of both sine wave reference to 50 Hz.
4. Set the input dc voltage to 100 V.
5. In this part, we should keep amplitude modulation ratio as a constant. Therefore, set
both sine references and triangular wave to 1 V peak amplitude.
6. Now, set the frequency of carrier wave to 2.5 kHz (𝑀𝑓 = 50).
7. Observe the un-filtered output waveform and obtain Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of
the output voltage by clicking button in the window. Take screenshots of the
output for your analysis.
8. How many regions with peaks do you observe in the frequency spectrum up to 20 kHz?
9. Now repeat step 7,8 while changing 𝑀𝑓 in steps of 50 up to 200.
10. Comment on your observations.
11. Based on your observations. explain how 𝑀𝑓 will affect the filter design procedure.
12. Will the already available filter be able to produce a pure sinewave as we observed in
the part 1?

3
Post Lab Assignments
1. Post Lab 1 - Multilevel Inverter
Create the following single phase inverter circuit using PSIM software.

Figure 5 - Multilevel Inverter Circuit

Above circuit in figure 5 shows a 2-source multilevel inverter with source voltage = 100 V dc
each, 𝛼1 = 15° , 𝛼2 = 35° and frequency is 50 Hz.
Adjust simulation control, so that you can see few cycles of Vout clearly.
1. Observe Vout, Vinv1 and Vinv2 waveforms separately.
2. Comment on how synthesis of Vout waveform is done using Vinv1 and Vinv2
waveforms.
3. Obtain FFT of your Vout waveform.
4. Use X axis setting to adjust the range of your FFT X axis to 0 Hz to 1000 Hz.
5. Record peak magnitudes and their frequencies in the spectrum.
6. Calculate theoretical Fourier coefficients and compare them with experimental values
given by the PSIM.
7. Now, adjust 𝛼1 , 𝛼2 values, so that, 3rd harmonic peak in the spectrum will be zero.
8. Obtain clear screenshots of everything and include them in the report.

4
2. Post Lab Exercise 2 – Bipolar PWM Inverter

Refer to course materials and develop a PSIM simulation for bipolar switching PWM. (You
can edit the PWM modulator circuit in the lab simulation).
a. Carry out Simulation task 1 and 2 and obtain results.

3. Post Lab exercise 3 – Filter Design for PWM Inverters

Design LC low pass filters for unipolar PWM inverters for all the 𝑀𝑓 values tested in the
simulation task 2.
Hints:
Set cutoff at → 𝑓𝑐𝑢𝑡𝑜𝑓𝑓 = √𝑓𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑟 × 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑓

1
𝐿= 2
(2𝜋𝑓𝑐𝑢𝑡𝑜𝑓𝑓 ) 𝐶

5
Student Name: ……………………………… Registration No: ……………………………
Observations Sheet – Lab 3
Experiment 1 – Effect of Amplitude Modulation Index

Test No Ma Vout (Avg)


1 0.1
2 0.2
3 0.3
4 0.4
5 0.5
6 0.6
7 0.7
8 0.8
9 0.9

Attach a separate graph sheet to plot the curve.

What are your observations? Do you see any relationship between Ma and Vout.

6
Experiment 2 – Effect of Frequency Modulation Index

Test No Mf Number of Peaks up to 20 kHz


in the spectrum
1 10
2 25
3 50
4 100
5 150
6 200

Comment on your observations and filter design consideration for each case.

Please attach separate pages to write your observations and comments for post lab exercises.

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