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Lecture 2 Part B

The document discusses types of functions including: 1) Constant functions 2) Linear functions 3) Quadratic functions 4) Trigonometric functions such as sin, cos, tan 5) Exponential functions 6) Logarithmic functions 7) Absolute value functions It also covers the properties of even and odd functions, providing examples to illustrate whether a given function is even, odd, or neither. Examples are provided to classify functions as even or odd.

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Ridha Jmai
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35 views15 pages

Lecture 2 Part B

The document discusses types of functions including: 1) Constant functions 2) Linear functions 3) Quadratic functions 4) Trigonometric functions such as sin, cos, tan 5) Exponential functions 6) Logarithmic functions 7) Absolute value functions It also covers the properties of even and odd functions, providing examples to illustrate whether a given function is even, odd, or neither. Examples are provided to classify functions as even or odd.

Uploaded by

Ridha Jmai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Differentiation and Integration 1

Lecture 2 Part B

1
Types of functions
1. Constant function
It is a function f: R  R where f(x) = c  x  R
and represents a straight line parallel X-axis and cut Y-axis at c.
D(f) = R and R(F) = {c}.

2. Linear function (First degree)


It is a function f: R  R where f(x) = ax + b  x  R
and a  0. It represents a straight line cut the X-axis and
cut Y- axis. D(f) = R and R(F) = R.

2
3. Quadratic function
It is a function f: R  R where f(x) = ax2 + bx + c  x  R
and a  0. It represents a parabola with D(f) = R.

3
4. Trigonometric functions
4.1 y = f(x) = sin x
D(f) = R
R(f) = [-1, 1]
sin(-x) = - sin x
4.2 y = f(x) = cos x
D(f) = R
R(f) = [-1, 1]
cos(-x) = cos x

4.3 y = f(x) = tan x


D(f) = R-{(n+(1/2)): n  Z}
R(f) = R
tan (-x) = - tan x
4
4. Trigonometric functions

4.4 y = f(x) = cosec x


= 1 / sin x
cosec (-x) = - cosec x

4.5 y = f(x) = sec x


= 1 / cos x
sec(-x) = sec x

4.6 y = f(x) = cot x


= 1 / tan x
cot (-x) = - cot x

5
Some properties of trigonometric functions
1) sin2x + cos2x = 1
2) sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x
3) cos 2x = cos2 x – sin2 x
4) = 2cos2 x – 1
5) = 1 – 2sin2 x
6) sin (x ± y) = sin x cos y ± cos x sin y
7) cos (x ± y) = cos x cos y sin x sin y

6
5. The exponential function
y = f(x) = ax where a  R+ - {1}
D(f) = R and R(f) = (0, ∞).

6. Logarithmic function

y = f(x) = loga x
where a  R+ - {1}
D(f) = (0, ∞) and R(f) = R.

7
7. Absolute value function
y =

D(f) =  and R(F) = [0, ).


x = -x

8
Even function Odd function
The domain is symmetric The domain is symmetric
and f(- x) = f(x) and f(-x) = - f(x)
the graph of an even the graph of an odd
function is symmetric with function is symmetric with
respect to the y-axis respect to the origin
Even function Odd function Neither even nor odd function
f(x) = cos x f(x) = sin x f(x) = ax
f(x) = sec x f(x) = tan x f(x) = Loga x
f(x) = x f(x) = cosec x

f(x) = x2 , x4 , x6 , … f(x) = x , x3 , x5 , … f(x) = x2 + x3


9
Example 1 is f(x) = x3− x + 1 Even or Odd or neither?
Let's see what happens when we substitute −x:
f(−x) = (−x)3 − (-x) + 1) = − (x3 − x - 1) ≠ ± f(x) .
So f(−x) ≠ ± f(x) , which makes it is not an odd function, and it
is not an even function either
Example 2 is f(x) = x/(x2−1) Even or Odd or neither?
Let's see what happens when we substitute −x:
f(−x) = (−x)/((−x)2−1) = − x/(x2 − 1) = − f(x) .
So f(−x) = −f(x) , which makes it an Odd Function

10
Example 3 is f(x) = x2 + 1 Even or Odd or neither?
Let's see what happens when we substitute −x:
f(−x) = (−x)2 + 1) = − x2 + 1 = f(x) .
So f(−x) = f(x) , which makes it an even Function

11
Odd & even functions

2 3 6 1 4 5
6 ‫شكل‬ 5 ‫شكل‬ 4 ‫شكل‬ 3 ‫شكل‬ 2 ‫شكل‬ 1 ‫شكل‬
N(x) = (1/2)x M(x) = cos x H(x) = 5x K(x) = x G(x) = x3 F(x) = sin x

Odd function Even function

12 ‫شكل‬ 11 ‫شكل‬ 10 ‫شكل‬ 9 ‫شكل‬ 8 ‫شكل‬ 7 ‫شكل‬

N(x) = log x M(x) = 2cos x H(x) = 5x K(x) = - x G(x) = x2 F(x) = sin 3x
10 9 8 1 11 12
12
Name No. Date

6 5 4 3 2 1
N(x) = (1/2)x M(x) = cos x H(x) = 5x K(x) = x G(x) = x3 F(x) = sin x
True No.
Even
Odd

12 11 10 9 8 7
N(x) = log x M(x) = 2cos x H(x) = 5x K(x) = - x G(x) = x2 F(x) = sin 3x
True No.
Even
Odd
13
‫‪Name‬‬ ‫‪No.‬‬ ‫‪Date‬‬

‫حدد الشكل الصحيح المناظر لكل داله‬

‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬


‫‪N(x) = (1/2)x‬‬ ‫‪M(x) = cos x‬‬ ‫‪H(x) = 5x‬‬ ‫‪K(x) = x‬‬ ‫‪F(x) = sin x‬‬

‫‪True No.‬‬

‫حدد نوع كل داله من حيث كونها زوجية ام فردية ام خالف ذلك‬

‫‪Even‬‬
‫‪Odd‬‬

‫‪14‬‬
15

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