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Assignment 2

1. The document is a physics assignment that contains 14 problems related to topics in physics including: - Deriving an expression for the number density of standing electromagnetic waves in a blackbody cavity. - Describing observations from a photoelectric effect experiment using sodium. - Calculating wavelengths required to eject electrons with given energies from tungsten and sodium. 2. Several problems involve calculating photon and particle energies involved in Compton scattering, pair production, and electron-positron annihilation. 3. The final problems involve deriving relationships between the direction and energies of particles in Compton scattering and showing why an electron cannot absorb a photon.

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Prashanna Yadav
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27 views

Assignment 2

1. The document is a physics assignment that contains 14 problems related to topics in physics including: - Deriving an expression for the number density of standing electromagnetic waves in a blackbody cavity. - Describing observations from a photoelectric effect experiment using sodium. - Calculating wavelengths required to eject electrons with given energies from tungsten and sodium. 2. Several problems involve calculating photon and particle energies involved in Compton scattering, pair production, and electron-positron annihilation. 3. The final problems involve deriving relationships between the direction and energies of particles in Compton scattering and showing why an electron cannot absorb a photon.

Uploaded by

Prashanna Yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 2 2020-21

Physics-I: PH1001
January 6, 2021

1. Show that the number density of standing em waves in the frequency interval ν and
ν + dν inside a black-body is G(ν)dν = 8πν 2 dν/c3 . Express this formula in terms of
wavelength and plot it as energy density vs. wavelength for temperatures T1 = 800K
and T2 = 1000K. How does the plot look different from that of energy density vs.
frequency.

2. Suppose you are performing the photoelectric effect experiment using sodium as the
target metal. You find that with a 300 nm light with light intensity, you have about
1000 electrons being ejected per second. You are making observations of both the
number of electrons being ejected per second and the kinetic energy of these ejected
electrons.

(a) What do you observe if you decrease the intensity lower and lower as compared
to the original setup?
(b) What do you observe if you change the light radiation over a broad range(from
far IR to far UV)?
(c) What can you say about the nature of light from your observation?

3. The maximum wavelength for photoelectric emission in tungsten is 230 nm. What
wavelength of light must be used in order for electrons with a maximum energy of 1.5
eV to be ejected?

4. The stopping potential for photoelectrons emitted from a surface illuminated by light
of wavelength λ = 4910 A◦ is 0.71 V. When the incident wavelength is changed the
stopping potential is found to be 1.43 V. What is the new wavelength.

5. Electrons are accelerated in the television tubes through potential difference of about
10 kV. Find the highest frequency of the em waves emitted when these electrons strike
the screen of the tube. What kind of waves are these?

6. The smallest angle of Bragg scattering in Potassium chloride is 28.4◦ for 0.30 nm
X-rays. Find the distance between atomic planes in Potassium chloride.

7. A photon whose energy equals the rest energy of the electron undergoes a Compton
collision with an electron. If the electron moves off an angle of 40◦ with the original
photon direction, what is the energy of the scattered photon?

8. A positron with a kinetic energy of 2.0 MeV collides with an electron at rest and
the two particles are annihilated. Two photons are produced, one moves in the same
direction as the incoming positron and the other moves in the opposite direction. Find
the energies of the photons.

9. (a) Verify that the minimum energy a photon must have to create an electron-
positron pair in the presence of a stationary nucleus of mass M is 2mc2 (1+m/M ),
where m is the electron rest mass.
(b) Find the minimum energy needed for pair production in the presence of proton.

Enjoy the problem sheet


Assignment 2 2020-21

10. Derive the relation  


θ hν
cot = 1+ tan φ
2 mc2
between the direction of motion of the scattered photon and the recoil electron in the
Compton effect.

11. Derive the following relation between the kinetic energy K of the recoil electron and
the energy E of the incident photon in the Compton effect
2hν
sin2 2θ

K mc2
= 2hν 2θ

E 1 + mc 2 sin 2

12. Show that a free electron can not absorb a photon and conserve both energy and
momentum in the process.

13. What is the frequency, wavelength and momentum of a photon whose energy equals
the rest mass energy of an electron.

14. Through what angle must a 0.20 MeV photon be scattered by a free electron so that
it looses 10% of its energy.

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