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Mathematics Chapter No .1 Numbers

The document defines various types of numbers including natural numbers, integers, prime numbers, composite numbers, factors, multiples, highest common factor, rational numbers, irrational numbers, real numbers, terminating decimals, recurring decimals, even numbers, odd numbers, square numbers, cube numbers, significant figures, and decimal places. It provides examples for each type of number and definitions for terms like factors, multiples, highest common factor, rational and irrational numbers.

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48 views2 pages

Mathematics Chapter No .1 Numbers

The document defines various types of numbers including natural numbers, integers, prime numbers, composite numbers, factors, multiples, highest common factor, rational numbers, irrational numbers, real numbers, terminating decimals, recurring decimals, even numbers, odd numbers, square numbers, cube numbers, significant figures, and decimal places. It provides examples for each type of number and definitions for terms like factors, multiples, highest common factor, rational and irrational numbers.

Uploaded by

m.umerfaizan1895
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mathematics Chapter No.

1:- Numbers
Natural Numbers:
The natural numbers include whole numbers except 0.
E.g. 1,2,3,4,5,6…
Integers:
Positive natural numbers, negative natural numbers along with 0 are called integers.
-1,-2,-3,0,+1,+2,+3…
Prime Numbers:
A prime number is a number with exactly two factors (i.e. 1 and itself (1×3))
E.g. 2,3,5,7,111,13,17,19,23,29,31…
Composite Numbers:
Those numbers which have more than two factors.
E.g. 4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16,18,20…
Factors:
The factors of a number are the natural numbers which divide exactly into that number (without a
remainder).
8: 1×8 12: 1×12
2×4 2×6
3×4
Multiples:
Multiples of a number are numbers in its times table.
Multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30…
Highest Common Factor (HCF):
It is the highest factor which is common to all of the given numbers.
E.g. 8: 1×8 12: 1×12
2×4 2×6 In this example the common factors are 1, 2, 4 and the
3×4 Highest factor is 4; therefore the HCF of 12 and 8 is 4.
In this example the common factors are 1, 2, 4 and the highest factor is 4; therefore the HCF of 12
and 8 is 4.
Rational Number:

A rational number is one which can be expressed in the form where a and b are integers and b is
not equals to 0.

Irrational Number:
Numbers that can’t be expressed as as a fraction or a ratio of 2 integers are known as irrational
numbers.
Real Numbers:
These include all rational, irrational, fractions and integers.
Terminating Decimals:
These are decimal numbers which stop after a certain number of decimal places.
E.g. 7/8 = 0.875 it stops after three decimal places.
Recurring Decimals:
These are decimal numbers which keep repeating a digit or a group of digits.
E.g. 137/259 = 0.528 957 528 957 528 957… the six digits 528 957 repeat in this order.
Even Number:
Numbers which are divisible by 2
E.g. 2, 4, 6, 8…
Odd Number:
Numbers which are not divisible by 2
E.g. 1, 3, 5, 7
Square Number:
It is the result of multiplying a number by itself.
E.g. 12, 22, 32 ….. 1, 4, 9….
Cube Number:
It is the result of multiplying a number by itself 3 times.
E.g. 13, 23, 33 …. 1, 8, 27….
Significant Figures:
The following are few examples showing clearly what is meant by significant figures.
8064 = 8000 (correct to 1 significant figures)
8064 = 8100 (correct to 2 significant figures)
8064 = 8060 (correct to 3 significant figures)
0.00208 = 0.005 (correct to 1 significant figures)
0.00208 = 0.0021 (correct to 2 significant figures)
3.00508 = 3.01 (correct to 3 significant figures)
Decimal Places:
The following are few examples showing clearly what is meant by decimal places.
0.0647 = 0.1 (correct to 1 dp)
0.0647 = 0.06 (correct to 2dp)
0.0647 = 0.065 (correct to 3dp)
2.0647 = 2.065 (correct to 3dp)
Test of Divisibility:

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