Maths Extension 1 – Circle Geometry

Circle Geometry
Properties of a Circle
Circle Theorems:
! Angles and chords
! Angles
! Chords
! Tangents
! Cyclic Quadrilaterals
 Maths Extension 1 – Circle Geometry

Properties of a Circle

Radius
Major Segment

Diameter
Chord
Minor Segment

Tangent

Concyclic points form a Cyclic Quadrilateral

Sector

Arc

Concentric circles
 Maths Extension 1 – Circle Geometry

! A perpendicular line from the centre of a

circle to a chord bisects the chord.

! A line from the centre of a circle that

bisects a chord is perpendicular to the
chord.
O

| |

! Equal chords are equidistant from the

centre of the circle.

! Chords that are equidistant from the

centre are equal.

||
O
 Maths Extension 1 – Circle Geometry

! The angle at the centre of a circle is twice

the angle at the circumference subtended
by the same arc.
θ

2θ

! Angles standing on the same arc are

equal.

! Angle in a semicircle is a right angle.

180
 Maths Extension 1 – Circle Geometry

! Tangents to a circle from an exterior

point are equal.

B
A
||
O
 Maths Extension 1 – Circle Geometry

! The angle between a tangent and a chord

through the point of contact is equal to
the angle in the alternate segment.

θ
 Maths Extension 1 – Circle Geometry

! The opposite angles in a cyclic

A quadrilateral are supplementary.
α
! If the opposite angles of a quadrilateral
are supplementary, then the quadrilateral
is cyclic.

180 − β B

D
β

180 − α
C

! The exterior angle of s cyclic

A quadrilateral is equal to the interior
α opposite angle.

α
C
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1. B

Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
C

O
A

A, B and C are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O.

AC is a diameter of the circle.

(a) (i) Write down the size of angle ABC.

°
...........................

(ii) Give a reason for your answer.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................
(2)

Diagram NOT
F accurately drawn
E

O 130°

D
D, E and F are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O.
Angle DOF = 130°.

(b) (i) Work out the size of angle DEF.

°
...........................

(ii) Give a reason for your answer.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................
(2) Q1

(Total 4 marks)
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2.
D Diagram NOT
A accurately drawn

O
35°
B

B, D and E are points on a circle centre O.

ABC is a tangent to the circle.
BE is a diameter of the circle.
Angle DBE = 35°.

(a) Find the size of angle ABD.

Give a reason for your answer.

............................ °
(2)

(b) Find the size of angle DEB.

Give a reason for your answer.

............................ °
(2) Q2

(Total 4 marks)
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3.
B Diagram NOT
accurately drawn

36°
A D

The diagram shows a circle centre O.

A, B and C are points on the circumference.

DCO is a straight line.

DA is a tangent to the circle.

Angle ADO = 36°

(a) Work out the size of angle AOD.

°
..................................
(2)

(b) (i) Work out the size of angle ABC.

°
..................................

(ii) Give a reason for your answer.

................................................................................................................................
(3) Q3

(Total 5 marks)
 Leave
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4. B

Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
C

O
A

A, B and C are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O.

AC is a diameter of the circle.

(a) (i) Write down the size of angle ABC.

°
...........................

(ii) Give a reason for your answer.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................
(2)

Diagram NOT
F accurately drawn
E

O 130°

D
D, E and F are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O.
Angle DOF = 130°.

(b) (i) Work out the size of angle DEF.

°
...........................

(ii) Give a reason for your answer.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................
(2) Q4

(Total 4 marks)
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5.
Diagram NOT
D accurately drawn

A 70°
O x°
y° C

In the diagram, A, B, C and D are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O.

Angle BAD = 70°.
Angle BOD = x°.
Angle BCD = y°.

(a) (i) Work out the value of x.

x = ....................................

(ii) Give a reason for your answer.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................
(2)

(b) (i) Work out the value of y.

y = ....................................

(ii) Give a reason for your answer.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................
(2) Q5

(Total 4 marks)
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6.

Q Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
P
O

58°
A T B

P, Q and T are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O.

The line ATB is the tangent at T to the circle.

PQ = TQ.
Angle ATP = 58°.

Calculate the size of angle OTQ.

Give a reason for each stage in your working.

° Q6
...................................

(Total 5 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER: 26 MARKS

END
1. (a) Measure the length of the line AB.

…………………cm
(1)

A B

The line AB is to be a radius of a circle.

(b) Draw the circle with centre A.

(1)

(c) Work out the length of the diameter of the circle.

…………………….cm
(1)

(d) Mark with a cross (X) a point on the circumference of the circle.
(1)
(Total 4 marks)
2.

Diagram NOT
R
accurately drawn

56°
T
Q

P, Q and R are points on a circle, centre O.

POQ is a straight line.
TQ and TR are tangents to the circle.
Angle TQR = 56°.

(a) Explain why angle PQR = 34°.

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(1)

(b) Calculate the size of angle PRT.

Give reasons for your answer.

…………………..°
(3)
(Total 4 marks)
3.

B
E Diagram NOT
accurately drawn

O
63°

In the diagram, A, B and C are points on the circle, centre O.

Angle BCE = 63°.
FE is a tangent to the circle at point C.

(i) Calculate the size of angle ACB.

Give reasons for your answer.

...............................°

(ii) Calculate the size of angle BAC.

Give reasons for your answer.

...............................°
(Total 4 marks)
4.

P Diagram NOT
accurately drawn

S 56° O

P, Q, R and S are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O.

PR is a diameter of the circle.
Angle PSQ = 56.

(a) Find the size of angle PQR.

Give a reason for your answer.

……………………………
(2)

(b) Find the size of angle PRQ.

Give a reason for your answer.

……………………………
(2)

(c) Find the size of angle POQ.

Give a reason for your answer.

……………………………
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
5. A
Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
25°

60°

D C E

A, B, C and D are four points on the circumference of a circle.

ABE and DCE are straight lines.

Angle BAC = 25°.

Angle EBC = 60°.

(a) Find the size of angle ADC.

.........................°
(1)

(b) Find the size of angle ADB

.........................°
(2)

Angle CAD = 65°.

Ben says that BD is a diameter of the circle.

(c) Is Ben correct? You must explain your answer.

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 4 marks)
6.

B C

A, B and C are three points on the circumference of a circle.

Angle ABC = Angle ACB.
PB and PC are tangents to the circle from the point P.

(a) Prove that triangle APB and triangle APC are congruent.

(3)
Angle BPA = 10°.

(b) Find the size of angle ABC.

..............................°
(4)
(Total 7 marks)
7.

Diagram NOT
B accurately drawn

35° C
A
D
O

The diagram shows a circle, centre O.

AC is a diameter.
Angle BAC = 35.
D is the point on AC such that angle BDA is a right angle.

(a) Work out the size of angle BCA.

Give reasons for your answer.

...................................
(2)

(b) Calculate the size of angle DBC.

...................................
(1)
 (c) Calculate the size of angle BOA.

...................................
(2)
(Total 5 marks)

8.

In the diagram, A, B and C are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O.

PA and PB are tangents to the circle.

Angle ACB = 75°.

(a) (i) Work out the size of angle AOB.

…………………….°

(ii) Give a reason for your answer.

………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………..
(2)
 (b) Work out the size of angle APB.

…………………….°
(3)
(Total 5 marks)

9. (a) Measure the length of the line AB.

…………………cm
(1)

A B

The line AB is to be a radius of a circle.

(b) Draw the circle with centre A.

(1)
(Total 2 marks)
10.

A, B and C are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O.

Prove that angle AOB (the angle subtended by AB at the centre of the circle)
is twice angle ACB (the angle subtended by AB at the circumference of the circle).

(Total 3 marks)
11.

T
O
40º

A 30º

B C

Diagram NOT accurately drawn

T, A and B are points on the circumference of the circle, centre O.

AT is a diameter of the circle.
Angle BTC = 40°
Angle TAB = 30°

Explain why TC cannot be a tangent to the circle.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………
(Total 2 marks)
12.

48º

O
Diagram NOT accurately drawn

B
A

A, B and C are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O.

Angle ACB = 48°

(a) Write down the size of angle AOB.

Give a reason for your answer.

..........................°
(2)
 G

O
F
Diagram NOT accurately drawn
D

D, E, F and G are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O.

(b) Prove that, in the cyclic quadrilateral DEFG,

angle DEF + angle DGF = 180°

You may use, without proof, any standard theorem (fact) excluding those that refer to a cyclic
quadrilateral.

(3)
(Total 5 marks)
13.

C
Diagram NOT accurately drawn

B and C are points on a circle, centre O.

AB and AC are tangents to the circle.
Angle BOC = 108°.

Work out the size of angle BAO.

Give a reason for each stage in your working.

.............................°
(Total 3 marks)
14.

52º

P xº

Diagram NOT accurately drawn

T and S are points on the circumference of a circle.

PT and PS are tangents to the circle.
Angle STP = 52.
Angle TPS = x.

(i) Work out the value of x.

x = ................................

(ii) Give reasons for your answer.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................
(Total 2 marks)
15.

Diagram NOT accurately drawn

In the diagram, A, B and C are points on the circumference of a circle, centre O.

Angle ACB = 75°.

(i) Work out the size of angle AOB.

…………°

(ii) Give a reason for your answer.

…..................…………………………………………………………...……………

…..................…………………………………………………………...……………
(Total 2 marks)