CRANE OPERATORS WORK INSTRUCTION

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(INSTRUCTION NO: 64)

CRANE OPERATORS WORK INSTRUCTION

Security is the most important issue for

operators.
Operators should not start working without
ensuring the safety of the area where they
will work.

In addition, Operators should do the following;

Shall always keep his machine, indicators, windows clean.
Before start working, should put all tools in the tool box.
The operator must learn to use (read) the load lifting chart inside the machine.
Before lifting the load to be lifted, he must take a look and follow the values shown on the load and
distance chart.
The operator will check the crane's controls, brakes, safety switches and levers before start working with
the crane.
Operators who can not see well, can not hear well, are not in good health, use alcohol and stimulants are
prohibited to use machines.
He must provide protection around of the area where he will work with a warning plate and barrier.
He must definitely ensure that nobody can get under the load. If there is such a possibility, he should not
lift the load.
He should not lead the load manually. He must ensure that routing ropes are used.
During lifting and lowering the load, hard movements, maneuvers that may adversely affect the crane
should be avoided and no jokes etc. should be made.
He will not work with a crane if its periodical inspection has not been made.
He will check the cloth and chain ropes and slings, eyebolts etc. lifting equipment that he will use for
lifting, will not do lifting with the equipment not in good condition, not having sufficient capacity for
lifting, worn, damaged, etc.
No work should be done under strong wind speed.
The operator will continue working if he is sure that safe working is possible, otherwise will not perform
any unsafe and dangerous work. If he feels danger in working, will inform the immediate foreman /
supervisor and stop working.
Personal Protective Equipment of the Crane Operator
Safety shoes (steel-toe, rubber-sole)
Safety helmet
Work clothes (easy to move)
Dust goggles (depending on the work situation), Light and fire glasses (depending on the work
situation)
Dust mask (depending on work situation)
Ear plugs (depending on work situation)
Personnel to Use Cranes

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1- Cranes will be used only by authorized personnel with operator certificate. (G Class Crane Operator Certificate)
Periodic Inspections and Maintenance of Cranes
2- Make sure that the quarterly periodic inspection and control of the crane you use has already been done on time by
responsible engineers, and if not, inform the authorities. Do not use the crane until its quarterly periodic inspection
is done.
3- Operators are responsible for the maintenance and control of the stationary cranes and rubber-wheeled cranes they
use.
4- Do not work with a faulty crane, report the fault to the responsible engineer immediately, do not operate the crane
until the necessary repairs and checks are done.
General Rules
5- Lifting must be done under the supervision of the engineer in charge,
6- A load-lifting chart is hanged at a place that can be seen in all cranes. It is forbidden to lift a load outside the load
capacity limits specified in this chart.
7- Do not use a crane other than the crane you are the operator of. However, you can use another crane only within the
knowledge and instruction of the responsible engineer.
8- Do not engage in any other work while working on the crane and inside the cabin. Never talk on the phone. Do not
smoke or drink anything while working.
9- Before start working with the crane, thoroughly check the working area. Do not start working until other workers
on the site leave the crane working area.

10- The engineer's responsible during the crane's working should not start the work without the ground on which the
crane will work is made firm and smooth.
11- When working in areas with poor visibility or outside of the field of view, request an authorized flagman from the
responsible engineer. The flagman should stand where you can easily see each other and give direction to work
with predefined marks.

(See International Hand Signs Guidance

Directive)

12- Regardless of who gives, while working, consider every STOP sign and stop.
13- During loading and unloading, only the slinger will direct the crane operator with hand signs.
14- It is forbidden any one else other than the operator to be in the crane cabin or on the crane while working.
15- The keys should not be left on the crane after the work is over,
16- Do not keep flammable - combustible materials around when refueling.
17- During the night work, the entire working area where the crane works should be effectively illuminated.
18- Before starting work, make sure that all the visual and audio warning systems and lights of the crane are working.
(rotating beacon, horn, headlights etc.)
19- Have a fully loaded and periodically controlled fire extinguisher and first aid kit in the operator's cabin.

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20- Do not lift loads that exceed the lifting capacity of the crane you are using.

21- Pay attention to the energy transmission lines within the working area. Keep the crane boom away from energy
transmission lines. Strictly, while working and / or in stationary equipment, the maximum approach distance
accepted for conductors under voltage will not be exceeded according to Article 5 of TEIAS OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY REGULATION.

If the voltage on the line is unknown, stay at least 4.5 meters away.

1000-15.000 Voltage, between 66 cm

15.001-36.000 Voltage, between 82 cm
59.000-72.500 Voltage, between 110 cm
140.000-170.000 Voltage, between 155 cm
200.000-250.000 Voltage, between 213 cm
340.000-420.000 Voltage, between 352 cm

Upper values are used for the high voltage equipment operated at voltages outside the ranges given above.

22- If the boom of the crane touches the power transmission line or enters in its area of effect, apply the following
measures without worrying. Do not forget that you will cause an electric shock otherwise!!!!

If the Construction Machine Contacts the

Electric Line;
Calm down.
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If possible, slowly disconnect the
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CALM DOWN
If possible, calmly disconnect the machine from
the line.
If that's not possible, call the emergency
manager immediately.
Be sure to sit inside the cabin, do not get out
until help arrives and the power is cut off.

Never Go Down To The Ground And Touch The Machine While The Construction Machine Contacting The
Electric Line. Don't Let Anyone Touch The Machine Either....

OTHERWISE AN
ELECTRIC SHOCK
WILL OCCUR.

DANGER OF DEATH!
Never step on the ground and touch the
machine while the Construction Machine
contacting the Power Line. Otherwise, the
electric current will flow over you and flow
into the ground.

If the Risk of Fire Increases While Waiting;

Jump neatly and forwardly from

the Construction Machine. EK-GS-01-F064-01
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IF FIRE RISK INCREASES WHILE WAITING

Jump neatly and forwardly from the Construction

Machine.
Never touch the machine.
Encircle the machine and do not allow anyone to
approach.

23- In works near the electric line, grounding must be done to the crane.
24- If it is necessary to work by transporting materials on its frame, care should be taken that the load is placed
balanced and properly.
25- After placing the load on the frame, it should not be moved with the boom extended.
26- Check the hook safety lock. The safety latch of the crane load hook will always be in working order.

27- Lift only the loads up to the load capacity indicated on the hook.
28- When lifting the load, make sure that the rope is on the plumb-line (upright).
29- Do not act unless you are sure that the load you are lifting is securely attached to the hook. Make sure that the load
to be lifted is balanced and absolutely free.

30- Do not carry people in the material basket with a crane.

31- All loads with risk of falling will be carried in the basket.
32- Baskets to be used in lifting will be thoroughly checked before lifting.

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33- Do not pass the load over people, do not keep the load up in the air for a long time.

34- While parking the rubber-wheeled crane, respectively; gather the hook, lower the boom, lock the boom swing lock,
unload the main coupling, stop the engine, apply the parking brake and the swing brake, take the ignition key off.
35- Do not touch the crane reel, drum and rope in motion and do not allow others to touch. Do not touch the rope
wrapped around the drum. If the rope overlaps, do not touch it with your hand and slacken the rope (take up the
slack) in slow motion. Make sure that the rope in the drum is wrapped properly.

36- Cranes will be very well leveled and outriggers will be supported with plates against the risk of sinking.

37- Before starting the set up and leveling processes by extending the crane outriggers, strengthened by controlling the
ground on which the outriggers will step. Do not install the crane if the ground is not strong enough that will
prevent the outriggers to sink into the ground.
38- If working on sloping terrain, the crane should not be operated without leveling,
39- Outrigger opening will be adjusted according to the capacity of the work to be done by taking measures against
overturning of the crane.

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40- In the case of hydraulic leakage, the outriggers will not be supported with wedges and the crane will be taken out
from operation and repaired.
41- During assembly, the operator absolutely will not leave the crane cab.
42- Before lifting any load, after lifting the load 10 centimeters from the ground, the operator will check whether there
is any problem in the sling, whether the load is in balance, and whether the brakes sufficiently hold the load in
place, and then will continue to lift the load by making sure that there is no problem.
43- In cases where it is seen that the crane boom length is short, the load definitely will not be pulled.
44- It is forbidden the personnel to move on the load by holding on to the rope or hook.
45- Ensure that the load is as close to the ground as possible when moving with the load.
46- A routing rope will be used to guide the load and stop the swing movement of the load.

47- Iron bundles should never be lifted by attaching to the tie wire. They must definitely be lifted by wrapping and
strangling with the ropes.

48- Check for gantry cranes if there is material on the rail and around.

About Sling and Rope Usage

49- Be sure to use strong and robust slingshot with CE.
50- Use slings suitable for the job. Make sure that the sling is suitable for the load to be lifted and conforms to the
desired standards.

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51- Make sure that the crane winch rope and sling are not worn.

52- Dispose of faulty ropes / slings by cutting them to prevent others from using them.
53- Place rope protectors at the points where the ropes / slings touch the sharp edges of the load.

54- Take measures to prevent vehicles from passing over ropes / slings and protect them against bad weather
conditions.
55- Ropes / slings should be stretched slowly and the load should be lifted and lowered without swinging.
56- Always wear gloves when working with steel ropes.
57- The load will be attached to the hook by slings.
58- Sling jointing should be made with locked eyebolts in accordance with the standards,
59- Slings will not be shortened by knotting or using bolts.

60- Make sure that the sling attaching is done properly and in accordance with the technique and that it will lift the load
safely.

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61- The slings shall not be separated from the crane hook without taking measures, so that the load to be lowered to the
ground safely without slipping.
62- If there are sharp twists and gums and burrs in ropes, do not use them.

63- While lifting the load, care shall be taken not to trap hands and fingers between the load, sling and rope.
64- If any of the following conditions are seen in polyester (cloth) slings, the slingshot will be withdrawn from use
immediately.
a. Wear
b. Broken or cut fiber
c. Change in the size or roundness of the fibers
d. Discoloration or decay

Environmental conditions
65- If any oil or hazardous material is leaking or there is anything polluting the environment, stop the crane and notify
the authorities.
66- Remove spilled hazardous waste as specified in the environmental regulations and send it to hazardous waste
storage.

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General Instructions
67- Be sure to obey the caution and warning signs within the construction site.
68- Be sure to follow the construction site rules, instructions, as well as work health and safety and environmental rules
described in the training.
69- All operators are obliged to attend the given trainings and fulfill the requirements of the trainings.

Some Crane Types

Tower crane Mobile crane Crawler (lattice-boom)

crane

Truck-mounted Crane (Hiab) Folding Boom Truck Crane (Hiab)

Telescopic crane Gantry crane Jib crane

Safe Load Lifting and Lowering Example

1 2

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Sign shows the first person's right position and, Sign shows the second person's right position, when lifting the
load

The crane will be installed correctly. The The crane operator will check the angle
load to be lifted will be attached to the between where he will take the load and
ropes correctly. where he will lower the load.

Only one person will get on the trailer The routing ropes will be tied one from
body and tie the load and routing ropes. the right and from the left and held.

The load to be lifted will be correctly

People holding the routing ropes will not
stand under the load, but will pull the ropes guided by ropes and brought to the place
to be lowered. In no way the load will be
and guide the load in the air.
intervened directly by hand.

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