HIGHER EDUCATION

SYSTEM
UGC NET Higher Education System Syllabus

 Institutions of higher learning and education in ancient India.

 Evolution of higher learning and research in Post Independence India.

 Oriental, Conventional, and Non-conventional learning programs in India.

 Professional Technical, and Skill-Based education.

 Value education and environmental education.

 Policies, Governance, and Administration.

 THE CHARTER ACT 1813
Allocation 1 lakh for
education

East India Company

(End of monopoly)

(Lord Minto – I)
Education in the British Rule
The Company's charter was renewed in 1813, which compelled the Company
to assume responsibility for the education or Indians
1 Lakh for education
Orientalist-Anglicist Controversy
 Anglicists argued that the government spending on education should be exclusively for

modern studies.

 Orientalists argued that western sciences and literature should be taught

 Anglicists -

 English language as the medium

 Indian languages (vernaculars)

 General committee of public instruction 1835

 LORD WILLIAM
BENTICK

 ORIENTALIST &
ANGLICIST

 Downward Filtration
theory
 LORD WILLIAM
BENTICK

 ORIENTALIST &
ANGLICIST

 Downward Filtration
theory
ENGLISH AS
MEDIUM
WOODS DISPATCH -Magna carta of English education
• Providing grants-in-aid to private schools that admitted female students.
• Training and appointing female teachers, who could serve as role models and
mentors for female students.
• Promoting female literacy through vernacular languages and books.
• Establishment of universities (Bombay, Calcutta and Madras )
  Establishment of universities for European education in Bombay,
Calcutta and Madras(1857).
 Setting up of English Schools, promoting English in the Higher
Education level

UNIVERSITY OF CALCUTTA (UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS)

(LORD CANNING)
 10 + 2+ 3 System

•10 years of primary and

secondary education
•2 years of intermediate education
•3 years of university education
Girl candidates were allowed to appear in the matriculation examination
for the first time by Calcutta University 1873
 MAGNA CARTA OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

 Vernacular Languages & English

 Bombay , Madras and Calcutta(1857)
 Promoted female & vocational education
 Technical Schools
 First teacher training institute- Saidapet
Establishment year- 1882

 Primary and women education

 Establishing more schools and
colleges, especially in rural
areas.
 The medium of instruction in
primary education should be
the mother tongue.
 Mountstuart Elphinstone's minutes of 1823, which stressed the need for establishing
schools for teaching English and the European sciences.

 It recommended the appointment of district Examination officers, School supervisors, and

training to teachers.
 Sadler committee(1917)
 Dr. Michael Sadler
 12+2+3 education system
 Improve the quality and standards of
university education & Affiliated
 Teachers should be recruited
through competitive examinations,
given proper salaries and pensions
 Given below are two statements
Statement I: The Wood's Despatch recognised for the first time that the government
should give frank and cordial support to female education and take effective measures
For its expansion
Statement II: Girl candidates were allowed to appear in the matriculation examination
for the first time by Calcutta University
In light Of the above statements, choose the Most appropriate answer from the options given
below
A)Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B)Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C)Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
D)Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
 Given below are two statements
Statement I: The Wood's Despatch recognised for the first time that the government
should give frank and cordial support to female education and take effective measures
For its expansion
Statement II: Girl candidates were allowed to appear in the matriculation examination
for the first time by Calcutta University
In light Of the above statements, choose the Most appropriate answer from the options given
below
A)Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B)Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C)Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
D)Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
Radhakrishnan commission 1948 / University Education
Commission
 This commission is appointed by the government of India on the recommendation of

central advisory board of Education

 Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan is appointed as the chairman

 The Commission’s 1949 Report assessed

 To encourage research by providing adequate facilities, funds,

and incentives.
 Subject-wise exams at different stages for acquiring the first degree Uniform examination

standards in all universities

 Raised pay scale for teachers

 The establishment of a University Grants Commission

1925:
• Inter-University Board was established
 To promote Universities activities
1944:
• Sargent commission
1945:
• University Grants Committee was formed to
supervise three Central Universities
 Aligarh
 Banaras
 Delhi.
In 1947:
• To control all the universities
In 1948:
• University Education Commission was set up.
whose chairman was Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
• University Grants Committee should be transformed into
University Grants Commission
On 28 December 1953:
• Maulana Abul Kalam Azad inaugurated University
Grants Commission.
On November 1956:
UGC (University Grants Commission) was formally established as a
statutory body of the Government of India University Grants
Commission Act, 1956
In 1994 and 1995:
• UGC introduced six centres at
 Guwahati
 Bangalore
 Bhopal
 Pune
 Hyderabad
 Kolkata
Education commission- The Kothari Commission (1964-66)
has said, "the destiny of India is being shaped in her
classrooms.

 Increasing public spending on education to at least 6% of GDP

 10 + 2+3 pattern of education structure in the country

 Adopting a three-language formula at the state level

 Promoting research and innovation culture in higher education

institution
MUDALIAR COMMISSION(1953)

 The Secondary Education Commission

 It was also known as the Mudaliar Commission after its chairman

Dr. A. Lakshmana swami Mudaliar

 11+2+3

 “ National Board of Secondary education”

 Name of Education Policy National Education Policy
Organizing Committee Ministry of Education
Motto of the policy Education, promotion and
enlightenment
Release date 29 July 2020
Number of Editions of Education 3 ( 1968 , 1986 and 2020)
Policy in India
A major revision from the last Replacement of 10 + 2 by
education policy 5+3+3+4
Four Pillars of Policy Access, equity, quality and
accountability
Objective of the Policy 100% Adult literacy
 National Education Policy, 1968
The National Policy on Education 1968 was based on the recommendations
of the Kothari Commission (1964-66)

 10+2+3 for school education

 Free and compulsory education for all children up to the age of 14
 Hindi, English and Sanskrit, and introduced the three-language formula for
secondary education.
National Education Policy, 1986.
 To expand and improve the facilities for distance education
 For the handicapped, the objective is to integrate the physically and mentally
handicapped with the general community as equal partners,
 Adult education
 To strengthen the culture of research and innovation in science , technology and social
science
 NATIONAL KNOWLEDGE COMMISSION

 National Knowledge Commission (NKC) was set up by Prime Minister

Manmohan.
 13 June 2005.
 It focused on key areas like education, science, technology, e- governance, etc.
 The NKC's mandate is five key areas related to Access, Concepts, Creation,
Application, and Services.
 It recommended the following:- Easy access to knowledge, preservation of
knowledge system, dissemination of knowledge, and better knowledge service
were concerns of the commission.
 NATIONAL KNOWLEDGE COMMISSION
 Access : ensure that everyone can benefit from knowledge
 concepts: improve the quality and relevance of education
 creation: To faster innovation and research
 application: how to use knowledge for social and economic development
 services: how to develop better services for knowledge dissemination and
preservation
Some examples of the NKC's recommendations are:
• Establishing 1500 universities by 2015 to increase the gross enrolment ratio in
higher education to at least 15 %
• Promoting vocational education and training through a National Vocational
Education Qualification Framework and a network of community colleges
• Developing world-class research institutions in various fields of
science, engineering, social sciences and humanities
• Enhancing access to knowledge through libraries, e-governance,
translation and languages
Who among the following was the Chairman of University
Education Commission ( 1948)?
A) Dr. D.S. Kothari
B)Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
C)Dr. Zakir Hussain
D)Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
Who among the following was the Chairman of University
Education Commission ( 1948)?
A) Dr. D.S. Kothari
B)Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
C)Dr. Zakir Hussain
D)Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
The first education commission in Independent India is:
A) National Knowledge Commission
B) Secondary Education Commission
C)The Education Commission
D)University Education Commission
The first education commission in Independent India is:
A) National Knowledge Commission
B) Secondary Education Commission
C)The Education Commission
D)University Education Commission
Identify the correct set of key mandate areas Of the National Knowledge Commission
A. Access
B. Concepts
C. Delivery
D. Applications
E. Services
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A , B , C and D only
B. A , B , D and E only
C. A, C , D and E only
D. B, C , D and E only
Identify the correct set of key mandate areas Of the National Knowledge Commission
A. Access
B. Concepts
C. Delivery
D. Applications
E. Services
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A , B , C and D only
B. A , B , D and E only
C. A, C , D and E only
D. B, C , D and E only
"Destiny Of India is being shaped in their classrooms". This is stated in

A) Education Commission

B) NKC report

C) NPE -1986- 1986

D) University Education Commission

"Destiny Of India is being shaped in their classrooms". This is stated in

A) Education Commission

B) NKC report

C) NPE -1986- 1986

D) University Education Commission

Which one Of the following led to the formulation of 10+2+3 system of
education?
A)Elphinstone report
B)Hunter Commission
C)Macaulay's Minute
D)Wood's despatch
Which one Of the following led to the formulation of 10+2+3 system of
education?
A)Elphinstone report
B)Hunter Commission
C)Macaulay's Minute
D)Wood's despatch
Arrange the following in chronological order of their occurrence
A. Sadler Commission
B. Macaulay's Minutes
C. Hunter Commission
D. Wood's Despatch
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
A) C , B, A, D
B) B , D ,C, A
C) A, D, B, C
D) D, A,C, D
Arrange the following in chronological order of their occurrence
A. Sadler Commission
B. Macaulay's Minutes
C. Hunter Commission
D. Wood's Despatch
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
A) C , B, A, D
B) B , D ,C, A
C) A, D, B, C
D) D, A,C, D