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2023 Ch5 Exponential

This document covers exponential and logarithmic functions including: 1) Sketching transformations of exponential functions h(x)=2^x such as h1(x)=0.2x, h2(x)=2x+1-3, and h3(x)=3×2^x-1. 2) Properties of exponential functions including the identity g(x+y)=g(x)g(y) for g(x)=2^3x. 3) Index laws for exponential expressions and solving exponential equations. 4) Relationship between exponential and logarithmic functions and transformations of logarithmic functions. 5) Solving logarithmic equations and graphs of logarithmic functions.

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12 views7 pages

2023 Ch5 Exponential

This document covers exponential and logarithmic functions including: 1) Sketching transformations of exponential functions h(x)=2^x such as h1(x)=0.2x, h2(x)=2x+1-3, and h3(x)=3×2^x-1. 2) Properties of exponential functions including the identity g(x+y)=g(x)g(y) for g(x)=2^3x. 3) Index laws for exponential expressions and solving exponential equations. 4) Relationship between exponential and logarithmic functions and transformations of logarithmic functions. 5) Solving logarithmic equations and graphs of logarithmic functions.

Uploaded by

kaustubhsonty
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Exponential Graphs

Sketch 𝒉(𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙 on each set of axes and transform according to the given
functions, clearly label all the key features.

ℎ1(𝑥) = 0.2𝑥 ℎ2(𝑥) = 2 𝑥+1 − 3

𝑥
ℎ3(𝑥) = 3 × 2 𝑥 − 1 ℎ4(𝑥) = 23 + 1

If 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑒 𝑥 , sketch
−𝑓(𝑥) 𝑓(−𝑥)
2𝑓(𝑥 − 1) + 1 −𝑓 (−2𝑥 ) − 1

Identity of exponential functions:


1. For 𝑔(𝑥) = 23𝑥 , show that 𝑔(𝑥 + 𝑦) = 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑔(𝑦)
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2. If 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 𝑛 , show that 𝑓(𝑥𝑦) = 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑓(𝑦).


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Revision on Index Laws:


1
5(𝑥 3 𝑦 2 𝑧 −1 )2
i. (8𝑥 4 𝑦 3)2 ii. 1 4
10𝑥 2 𝑦 5

Solving exponential equations:

3𝑛−2
i. = 27 ii. 2𝑛−1 × 42𝑛+1 = 16
92−𝑛

iii. 8(3𝑥 ) − 6 = 2(32𝑥 )


iv.

Relationship between exponential and logarithm

Exponential Logarithm

𝑦 = 2𝑥 log 2 𝑦 = 𝑥

Understanding Transformations
𝑥
𝑦= 2 +3

𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 3

𝑦 = 2𝑥+3

𝑦 = 3 × 2𝑥

𝑦 = 23𝑥

Logarithmic Laws
Law1 Law 2 Law 3
log10 (𝑎𝑏) 𝑚 Log of a power
log10 ( )
𝑛

Ex1

Ex 2

Ex 3
Solving logarithmic equations:
1 4𝑥
a. log 2 (5𝑥 + 1) = 4 b. log 𝑒 ( 5 ) = 0
2

𝑐. log 2(𝑎) + log 2 (𝑏) − log 2 (𝑐) d. log 2 (𝑎)𝑝 -log 2 (𝑏) + log 2 (𝑐)𝑞

Graphs of Logarithmic Functions


For each of the function below, state

i. Domain and range.


ii. Describe its transformations.
iii. Sketch the graph.
iv. Find its inverse and express in function notation.
𝑎. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2 log 𝑒 (3𝑥 + 3) b. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2 log 𝑒 (1 − 𝑥) − 2
Changing bases and its transformations
Write 3𝑥 as a base of 2 Write 3𝑥 as a base of 𝑒

Find the transformation that maps 𝑦 = 3𝑥 into 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥

Find the transformation that maps 𝑦 = 2 log 𝑒 (3𝑥 + 3) into 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥


Application of Logarithm Functions and Equations
Solving for 𝑥:
a. 3log10(𝑥) + 2 = 5 log10(𝑥) b. log10(𝑥) (log10 𝑥 2 ) − 5 log10(𝑥) + 3 = 0

𝑐. 8 log 𝑥 (4) = log 2 (𝑥) 5


𝑑. 𝑒 𝑥 − 12 = −
𝑒𝑥

e. 2𝑒 𝑚𝑥 = 5 + 4𝑒 −𝑚𝑥 f.

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