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Tutorial (Calculus)

This document contains a 10-question tutorial on multivariate calculus and partial differential equations. It covers topics such as finding domains of multivariate functions, sketching level curves, evaluating limits, implicit differentiation, partial derivatives, and applying concepts like Clairaut's theorem. The questions range from basic graphing and limit problems to more advanced calculations involving partial derivatives of physical quantities like temperature, pressure, volume, and energy.

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nuwandinanayakkara
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views

Tutorial (Calculus)

This document contains a 10-question tutorial on multivariate calculus and partial differential equations. It covers topics such as finding domains of multivariate functions, sketching level curves, evaluating limits, implicit differentiation, partial derivatives, and applying concepts like Clairaut's theorem. The questions range from basic graphing and limit problems to more advanced calculations involving partial derivatives of physical quantities like temperature, pressure, volume, and energy.

Uploaded by

nuwandinanayakkara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Mathematics

Faculty of Engineering
University of Moratuwa

MA1024 | Methods of Mathematics


Tutorial 03
Multivariate Calculus and PDE

1. a. Find the domain of the following functions indicated by the questions and indicate
these domains graphically.
√ 𝑥+𝑦+1
i. 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥−1
ii. 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑙𝑛(𝑦 2 − 𝑥)

b. Sketch the level curves for the function ℎ(𝑥, 𝑦) = √9 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 for 𝑘 = 0,1,2,3

2. Prove or disprove whether the following limits exist.


5𝑥 2 𝑦 2
a. lim
(𝑥,𝑦)→(0,0) 𝑥 2 +𝑦 2
2𝑥 3 +𝑦 3
b. lim
(𝑥,𝑦)→(0,0) 𝑥𝑦 2

3. a. Give an example of a 2-variable function in which the iterated limits are equal, but the
double limit does not exist near the neighborhood (0,0).

b. Suggest a 2-variable function in which the iterated limits do not exist, and the double
limit exits near the neighborhood (0,0)

4. Let 𝑓1 , 𝑓2 , … . . , 𝑓𝑛 be 𝑛 number of real valued functions defined on a subset 𝑆 of the set of


all real numbers. Let 𝑎 ∈ 𝑆 and 𝑓𝑘 is continuous at 𝑎 for each 𝑘 𝜖 (1, … , 𝑛). Let 𝑓: 𝑆 → 𝑅
(𝑅 is the set of all real numbers) be defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑎𝑥{𝑓1 (𝑥), 𝑓2 (𝑥), . . . . . , 𝑓𝑛 (𝑥)} for
each 𝑥 𝜖 𝑆. Discuss the continuity of 𝑓 at 𝑎 and prove your assertions. (Hint: consider the
(𝑓𝑘 +𝑓𝑗 ) |𝑓𝑘 − 𝑓𝑗 |
function, 𝑔 = + ).
2 2

𝑥𝑦
5. Consider the function 𝑓: 𝑅 2 → 𝑅 defined by 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 for each (𝑥, 𝑦) 𝜖𝑅 2 − {(0,0)}
and 𝑓(0,0) = 0. Prove that the partial derivatives 𝑓𝑥 (𝑥, 𝑦) and 𝑓𝑦 (𝑥, 𝑦) exist for every
(𝑥, 𝑦) 𝜖 𝑅 2 and evaluate these derivatives explicitly in terms of 𝑥 and 𝑦.

6. Find all second partial derivatives of 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 𝑙𝑛𝑧.

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𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
7. Use implicit differentiation to find and
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
a. 𝑦𝑧 = 𝑙𝑛(𝑥 + 𝑧)
b. 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥𝑦𝑧) = 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 3𝑧

8. a. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are the lengths of the three sides of a triangle and 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶 are the magnitudes
𝜕𝐴 𝜕𝐵 𝜕𝐶
(in radians) of the opposite angles of the sides 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 respectively, find , , by
𝜕𝑎 𝜕𝑏 𝜕𝑐
𝜕𝐴 𝑘 𝜕𝐵 𝑘 𝜕𝐶 𝑘
implicit differentiation of the law of cosines, show that 𝜕𝑎 = 𝑏𝑐 , 𝜕𝑏 = 𝑎𝑐 , 𝜕𝑐 = 𝑎𝑏 where 𝑘
is a constant.

60
b. The temperature at a point (𝑥, 𝑦) on a flat metal plate is given by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦) = 1+𝑥 2+𝑦 2,
where 𝑇 is measured in celsius and 𝑥, 𝑦 in meters. Find the rate of change of temperature
with respect to distance at the point (1,2),
i. in the 𝑥 − direction
ii. in the 𝑦 − direction

1
c. The Kinetic energy of a body with mass 𝑚 and velocity 𝑣 is 𝐾 = 2 𝑚𝑣 2 .
𝜕𝐾 𝜕2 𝐾
Show that = 𝐾.
𝜕𝑚 𝜕𝑣 2

𝑛2 𝑎
9. a. The Vander Waals equation for 𝑛 moles of a gas is (𝑃 + 𝑉 2 )(𝑉 − 𝑛𝑏) = 𝑛𝑅𝑇 where
𝑃 is the pressure, 𝑉 is the volume, and 𝑇 is the temperature of the gas. The constant 𝑅 is
the universal gas constant and 𝑎 and 𝑏 are positive constants that are characteristic of a
𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑃
particular gas. Evaluate 𝜕𝑃 and 𝜕𝑉.

b. The gas law of a fixed mass 𝑚 of an ideal gas at absolute temperature 𝑇, pressure 𝑃,
𝜕𝑃 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑇
and volume 𝑉 is 𝑃𝑉 = 𝑚𝑅𝑇, where 𝑅 is the gas constant. Show that 𝜕𝑉 𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑃 = −1.

𝜕𝑃 𝜕𝑉
c. For the ideal gas in 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 𝑏. above, show that 𝑇 𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑇 = 𝑚𝑅.

10. Use Clairaut’s theorem to show that if the third order partial derivatives of 𝑓 are
continuous, then 𝑓𝑥𝑦𝑦 = 𝑓𝑦𝑥𝑦 = 𝑓𝑦𝑦𝑥

-End of the Tutorial-

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In2020-Semester 2

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