Chemical Safety
Chemical Safety
Chemical Safety
Safety
Safety is not the concern of one but of everyone.
Safety hazards pictograms are advance warnings of possible harm, damage or adverse effect on humans, animals and things. Safety first at all times.
Risk
The probability or
likelihood that a person or
a thing is harmed or
damaged when exposed to
a hazard.
Hazards & Classifications
❑Physical hazards
Factors within the environment that
may cause harm on the body even without
touching it and they are generally
discernible and perceptible.
❑Chemical hazards
Chemical substances that may cause harm upon
exposure to them.
❑Ergonomic hazards
Physical factors in the environment that may cause problems on the
musculoskeletal system.
❑Safety hazards
Working conditions that can cause injury,
illness or death.
❑Psychological
hazards
The aspects of the working environment
that may affect the mental health of the
individuals such as workload, stress and
discrimination.
❑Biological hazards
Biological substances such as viruses, bacteria and animals that may
threat the health of living organisms when exposed to it
Hazardous Substance
Any chemical that presents physical or health hazard.
❑Physical Hazard Substance
Chemical reagents or substances that are combustible liquids,
compressed gases, explosives, flammable, organic peroxides, oxidizers,
pyrophoric, unstable or reactive or water-reactive.
1. Product Name /
Identifier
2. Signal Word
3. Precautionary
Symbols /
Pictograms
4. Physical, Health and
Environmental
Hazard Statement
5. Precautionary
Measures
6. Supplier
Identification
7. Supplemental
Information
GHS Labeling: Hazard Communication
Physical Hazards
• Oxidizing solids
• Oxidizing liquids
• Oxidizing gases
Physical Hazards
Self-heating substances
Self-reactive substances
Reactive Hazards Organic peroxides
Corrosive to metals
GHS Labeling: Hazard Communication
Health Hazards
• Carcinogenicity
• Respiratory sensitization
Target Organ • Reproductive toxicology
Effects • Target organ systemic toxicity
• Germ Cell Mutagenicity
• Aspiration toxicity
GHS Labeling: Hazard Communication
Environmental Hazards
▪ Flammable solids
Solid substances which can either be readily combustible or may cause or
contribute to fire through friction. They can be in the form of granules, powder and
pastry which is easily ignited when come into contact with an ignition source.
▪ Flammable liquids
Liquid substances with flash points of not more than 93°C.
▪ Flammable gases
Gases with flammable range in air at 20°C and at standard pressure of
101.3kPa.
▪ Flammable aerosols
Gas that (1) was compressed, liquefied or dissolved under pressure within a
non-refillable container that was made up of metal, glass or plastic and (2)
contains any component classifies as flammable solid, liquid or gas.
▪ Self-heating substances
Solid or liquid substances that are not classified as pyrophorics but is
liable to self-heat when comes in contact with air even in the absence of energy.
▪ Self-reactive substances
Substances that are either (1) thermally unstable liquids or (2) solids that
may undergo strong exothermal decomposition even in the absence of the
participation of oxygen but (3) are not classified as corrosives, explosive or organic
peroxides under the GHS.
▪ Organic peroxides
Substances which are either solid or liquid substance that contains
bivalent O-O structure. These substances may be liable to explosive decomposition,
burn rapidly, be sensitive to impact or friction or react dangerously to other
substances.
▪ Corrosive to metals
Substances that materially damaged metals through chemical reaction.
▪ Explosives
Substances or mixtures of substances that can either be solids or liquids
which in their selves are capable to produce a gas, by a chemical reaction, at such
speed as to cause damage to the surroundings.
▪ Respiratory sensitizers
Chemical substances that cause the airways to be hypersensitive after
inhalation of the substance.
▪ Reproductive toxicity
Chemical substances may cause infertility, adverse effects on sexual functions
and/or developmental toxicity on the offspring.
▪ Aspiration toxicity
Substances that may have severe acute effects of varying degrees of
pulmonary injury or death following aspiration.
The GHS Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provides comprehensive information on the
chemical substance being handled. It comprises of the following minimum
elements:
2. Hazards identification
Includes the GHS classification of the substance or mixture, GHS label
elements and precautionary statements and other hazards that are not covered
by GHS.
3. Composition or information of ingredients
For substances, this include the substance’s chemical identity, CAS
number, EC number, impurities and stabilizing additives. For mixtures, the chemical
identity and concentration of the ingredient(s) which is (are) identified us
hazardous, the cut-off levels of reproductive toxicity and, carcinogenicity,
mutagenicity and other hazard classes.
5. Firefighting measures
Provides a list of suitable distinguishing media, the specific hazards
arising from the chemicals and the proper protective equipment and precautions
needed during firefighting activities.
6. Accidental release measures
Provides the personal and environmental precautions including the proper
personal protective equipment and the appropriate method and materials used
during clean ups.
5. Torso protection
a) Laboratory gowns and coats
Constraints of Hazard Controls
1. The use of PPE does not change the fact that the hazard still exists.