HOTEL at VARANASI

PREETI MEHLA
ENROLMENT NO. 35217601617
YEAR: 2017-2022

THESIS GUIDE: PROF. SANJAY MEHRA & PROF. SATISH KHANNA

THESIS CO ORDINATORS: PROF. RASHMI B. TANDON & PROF. KAVITA REVO

COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
VASTU KALA ACADEMY
9/1 QUTAB INSTITUTIONAL AREA, ARUNA ASAF ALI MARG
NEW DELHI – 11006
 Acknowledgement

I wish to thank here all the persons who made this thesis possible: thank you to my thesis guides Prof. Sanjay Mehra and
Prof. Satish Khanna for reading my thoughts and providing them with a clear direction and your constant support and
encouragement and interest in my project has been a very big source of motivation for me and has enabled me to produce
better outcomes each time. Your constant support has been a huge source of encouragement. This thesis would not have
been what it is without your expertise, understanding and patience. You both are a constant inspiration. Thank you to Ar.
Juhi for guiding me about Varanasi context and inspiring me to take good care of ecological balance. Thank you to Ar.
Divyansh Saini for your wonderful insight into my thesis. Our conversations always motivated me to challenge myself
further and look at my thesis with a whole new set of possibilities. I am grateful for your mentorship. Special thanks to all
my friends for support and insights. Last but not the least, thank you to my family: thank you for believing in my
capabilities, making me aware of my strengths and supporting me with all my dreams. thank you to my grandparents for
teaching me the value of compassion and to always have faith in God.
Thank you ALL for making this possible.
Table of Contents
ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................................................................................
1.Synopsis...............................................................................................................................................................................
1.1 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................................................
1.2 HISTORIC OVERVIEW........................................................................................................................................................
1.3 THESIS PROPOSITION............................................................................................................................................................
1.4 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS....................................................................................................................................................
1.5 RESEARCH AREA.................................................................................................................................................................
2. SITE SELECTION AND SITE ANALYSIS....................................................................................................................................
3. CASE STUDIES ......................................................................................................................................................................
4. DESIGN DERIVATIVES...........................................................................................................................................................
5. DETAILED AREA PROGRAM .................................................................................................................................................
6. CONCEPT..............................................................................................................................................................................
7. DESIGN DEVELOPMENT STAGES .........................................................................................................................................
8. FINAL PROPOSAL..................................................................................................................................................................
References................................................................................................................................................................................
Tourism: Tourism is fast becoming the biggest industry in the
world,“The greatest show on earth“. The lifeblood of much of that
industry is heritage and culture.

Hotel and tourism:

Hotels are an important component of the tourism product.
They contribute to the overall tourism experience through the
standards of facillities and services offered by them. With the aim of
providing contemporary standards of facillities and services available in the hotels.
Tourism of India
What hotel may be !! home away from home
Hospitality is making a tourist fell totally welcome not only as a guest, but also as the guest of the complete family of hotel.
It is the business of making and keeping friends and promoting an atmosphere of better understanding.

THE PROBLEM
The origin of the term ‘hotel’ appears to be French. It seems to be closely linked with the word ‘’inn’’ which originally was
a stop-over for travelers of the middle class who just wanted a place to lay the head for the night. Then, these places were
not really commercially oriented and admitted only on goodwill. Later, the inn developed into ―a public place for the
lodging and entertainment of travelers, or any person wishing to use the accommodation. Some of these inns became large
and of more pretentious in nature and were referred to as hotels.
The function of hotel has graduated from the early simple operation of providing guests with foods and a place to lay their
heads to a wide variety of complex services which include Provision of lodging and comfortable accommodation, provision
of assorted types of meals, provision of halls for conferences and seminars, provision of recreational and leisure facilities,
Provision of laundry and cleaning services, provision of modern amenities like car hire service to guests, telephone and
telex facilities, bank, shops, Provision of adequate parking facilities for guests‘ automobiles.
Therefore, hotels worldwide have been classified based on the amount of services offered to users and the scale of facilities
provided. The classification of hotel is from one star (*) to seven star (*******).
Hotels of this kind should have spacious and luxurious accommodation, matching the best international standards. Interior
design should impress with its quality and attention to details, comfort and elegance. Furnishings should be immaculate.
Services should be formal, well supervised and flawless in addition to guests' needs, without being intrusive. The restaurant
will demonstrate a high level of technical skill, producing dishes to the highest international standards. Staff will be
knowledgeable, helpful, well versed in all aspects of customer care, combining efficiency with courtesy.
Green building brings together a vast array of practices and techniques to reduce and ultimately eliminate the impacts of
new buildings on the environment and human health. It often emphasizes taking advantage of renewable resources, e.g.,
using sunlight through passive solar, active solar, and photovoltaic techniques and using plants and trees through green
roofs, rain gardens, and for reduction of rainwater run-off. Many other techniques, such as using packed gravel or
permeable concrete instead of conventional concrete or asphalt to enhance.

This study is to explore the methods and techniques which ensure the broad application of green architecture principles in a
hotel design especially in the area of indoor environmental quality, energy consumption, material usage, ecology, land use
and site. It emphasizes the use of environmentally friendly principles in both construction and choice of materials, buildings
where travelers and tourists will fill at home and brought close to nature. It is in this environment that visitors appreciate
notions of architectural master piece, construction, circulation, materials, and volumes, light and shadow, and link them
with used practices in their surroundings.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

 At the start of the 21st Century human are faced with numerous activities and its attendant enormous effects on the
environment, ecological systems, and even on humans themselves. More than any other human endeavor; his activities on
the environment have direct, complex, and long-lasting impacts on the biosphere. The impacts of embodied energy of
building alone are enormous on human health.
This study will provide some background on green buildings and a historical perspective on the international green building
movement in general.
Buildings and development as a common concern in green architecture provide countless benefits to society, but they also
have significant environmental impacts (EPA, 2004). These numerous environmental and social impacts come both in the
form of the existing built environment and the process of adding to it. According to a World Watch paper entitled ’A
Building Revolution’, the building industry is responsible for:
• 40% of world's total energy,
• 30% of consumption of raw materials,
• 25% of timber harvest,
• 35% of world's Carbon iv oxide (CO2) emissions,
• 16% of fresh water withdrawal,
• 40% of municipal solid wastes,
• 50% of ozone- depleting Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC s) still in use,
• 55% of timber cut for non-fuel uses,
• 30% of the residents having sick building syndrome
High performance green buildings are facilities designed, built, operated, renovated, and disposed of using ecological
principles for the purpose of promoting occupant ‘s health and resource efficiency plus minimizing the impacts of the built
environment on the natural environment.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Most hotels around the world and Nigeria in particular seem to be highly synthetic. They depend so much on artificial
means of lighting and ventilation paying less attention to tropical design principles. This has led to overall increase in the
production of greenhouse gases (GHG) and “sick building syndrome” (SBS). Less attention is paid to proper landscaping of
the environment in such a way that users will appreciate nature. They lack natural features like water bodies and greenery
which help to cool the environment naturally.
Also, most hotels are not properly integrated with the environment considering site terrain and climatic factors. It has
increased impacts of building construction on ecological systems and biodiversity, while decreasing the ecological values of
site.

PRESENT SCENARIO:
Hotel Industry in India has witnessed boom in recent years. The growth in the Indian tourism industry has fuelled the
growth of Indian hotel industry. Ministry of Tourism compiles monthly estimates of Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAs) in
India and Foreign Exchange Earnings (FEE) from tourism on the basis of data received from major airports.
(Whenever people do an Indian trip and stay in a host of properties like city five-star, they do not experience any Indian
traditional and culture which make their stay a memorable one.)

NEED: India has a shortage of nearly two lakh hotel rooms and it is struggling to manage a surge in tourist arrivals,
officials in the tourism ministry said.
According to a report of the working group on tourism for the 12th Five Year Plan (2014 – 2019), for a projected annual
growth of 12 per cent in foreign tourist arrivals (FTAs), the projected requirement of additional hotel rooms in 2018, over
2014, was estimated to be 1,90,108.
ALSO !!
Uttar Pradesh share a great 13.3% of total FTAs in INDIA and is currently the 3rd state as per FTAs, in case of domestic
tourist arrivals U.P. holds a share of 14.3% of the total.
Uttar Pradesh Tourism has now considered “THE HERITAGE ARC“ which provides an opportunity to explore the state in
all its glory.

SCOPE:

The proposed design has a chance to be an example to other upcoming projects in the city. The design proposal
would include full-fledged services and guest facilities with spatial and furniture details.

OBJECTIVES:
• To design a 5 star hotel promoting the concept of India’s unique heritage and culture to enhances the image of the
city and considering the aspects of socio-economic and environment.
• To design a hotel responding to the site conditions.
• To follow the immediate urban context and design accordingly.
• To create a structure which would reflect upon the values and feel of the site.
• To use the site views to the fullest and follow every byelaw that the site commands.
• To create efficient service networks keeping in mind the highest standards of hospitality industry.
• To investigate the needs, peculiarities, and problems of the study environment with particular reference to hotel
design.

AIM: A hotel is broadly noticed by it’s great service and facilities to a tourist, and also they do experience Indian
traditional and culture which make their stay a memorable one. Also achieve a fully functional Hotel design without
any compromise to aesthetics and services.

LIMITATION:
The site is situated in the Varanasi and it is near to Varanasi Ghats, so its climate have difference accordingly. Thus,
following every regulation and still responding to the site conditions, the design is efficient and fully functional on
its own.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is considered important because though there is a great movement in the developed countries to ideals of
green building. Hence this study aims to help in creating awareness towards promoting the practice of green
building principles in the country. It can be one of the most potent and effective means to both improve the
performance of buildings and transform market expectations and demand.

PROJECT DETAILS:
The project details of the site were given by VDA Varanasi as the project lies in their zone.
• The site lies in Varanasi.
• The land is approved for Transport infrastructure and commercial structures. with a plot size of 40.61 acres.
• Ground coverage = 40% and max. 10% for atrium.
• Permissible FAR is 2
• Parking standard of 1 ECS for 100 sqm of floor area shall be applicable.
• 85m height restriction.
INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS HOSPITALITY?
The word hospitality is derived from the word “hospice”, meaning a house of rest for pilgrims during medieval periods
(Grottola cited in Mill, 2008; Powers, 1988). A hospice was also an early type of what we currently call a nursing home,
and the term is obviously connected to hospital.

WHAT IS A HOTEL?
A hotel is an establishment which provides lodging based on a short-term basis. Facilities provides range from a basic bed
and storage for clothing to luxury facilities like en-suite bedrooms. Larger hotels may provide additional guest facilities
such as a swimming pool, business centre, conference facilities and social function services. Some hotels offer meals as a
part of the room and board arrangement. They also provide a wide range of speciality restaurants along with an all dining
restaurant (24 hours) which is open to the visitors all day long.

HISTORY OF HOTEL:
The hospitality facilities which are being offered to the travellers has been a feature of the earliest civilization. In Greco-
Roman culture hospitals for recuperation and rest were built at thermal baths. During the middle ages, the monasteries and
abbeys would offer accommodation for travellers on the road. The precursor to modern hotel was the inn of Medieval
Europe dating back to Ancient Rome and providing facilities such as food and lodging and also offer stabling and fodder
travellers horses and also the horses for the male coach. A typical layout of an inn had an inner court with bedrooms on the
two sides with kitchen and parlour at the front and the stables at the back. For a period of about two years from the mid-17th
Century, the coaching inns were used as places for lodging for the coach travellers. By the end of the Century, coaching
inns were being run more professionally with a regular time-table being followed a fixed menu for food. Inns began to cater
to the rich clients in the mid- 18th Century which consequently grew in grandeur and the level of service provided. One of
the first hotels in a modern sense were opened in Exeter in 1768. In 1812, Claridge’s Hotel was opened in London. Hotels
proliferated in number throughout Western Europe and North America in the 19th Century like the Savoy Hotel in United
Kingdom and the Ritz chain of hotels in London and Paris along with the Tremont and Aster House in the United States
which mostly catered to the wealthy clientele.

TYPES:
Hotel operations vary in size, function, and cost. Most hotels and major hospitality companies that operate hotels have set
widely accepted industry standards to classify hotel types. General categories include the following (Various, 2013);
• Conference and resort hotels often contain full-sized luxury facilities with full-service accommodations and amenities.
Examples may include: Conrad Hotels, InterContinental Hotels, Ritz-Carlton, Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts, Dorchester
Collection, JW Marriott Hotels, Starwood – Westin Hotels, Hilton, Marriott, and Hyatt
• Historic Inns and boutique hotels often contain luxury facilities of varying size in unique or intimate settings with full-
service accommodations.
• Select Service Examples may include: Holiday Inn, Courtyard by Marriott and Hilton Garden Inn
• Limited Service Examples may include: Hampton Inn, aloft, Holiday Inn Express, Fairfield Inn, Four Points by Sheraton,
and Days Inn
• Extended Stay Examples may include: Staybridge Suites, Homewood Suites by Hilton, Residence Inn by Marriott,
element, and Extended Stay Hotels
• Timeshare Examples may include: Hilton Grand Vacations, Marriott Vacation Club International, Westgate Resorts,
Starwood Vacation Ownership, and Disney Vacation Club
• Destination Club
• Boatels – floating hotels

CIRCULATION SPACES:
Circulation spaces are the most important public spaces in a Hotel. Not only do they encompass general public inside, but
also do the work of binding all the separate elements of the hotel into a single entity. Corridors, lobbies, etc. are the
backbone of the Hotel circulation. Not only do the guests depend on them for transportation, the service personnel also
depend on them for efficient service delivery. Hospitality design nowadays has come a long way from medieval inns and
rest houses. The level of sophistication demands a very efficient and robust mechanism so that the guests in a hotel do not
come into contact with the internal service network or staff.13 Hotel design basically works upon the segregation and
efficient functioning of guest and service movement. Although, generally the form of a hotel is dominated by the guest
room tower, the overall design is greatly affected by the circulation areas and the public spaces thus created. A very crucial
part of circulation space design is its integration with the service lines, i.e. various shafts for electrical and mechanical
services, and fire escape staircases, etc. Although the overall built form of the hotel is dictated by the room tower design,
this seminar will try to find out the extent of circulation & service network design on the developed form. As mentioned
earlier, circulation spaces are vital in overall service network planning of a hotel, thus this chapter would be analyzing the
different types and the impact of these on the design of the built form. Guest rooms are sited to take advantage of the best
views and orientation while minimizing noise and disturbance. This also applies to those public areas in which daylight is
essential: from restaurants, small meeting rooms and foyers or lounge areas to larger convention halls. The figure below
gives a schematic layout of various spaces in a hotel and how they are connected by service networks.

TYPES OF HOTEL

• Based on Location
• Based on size
• Based on Target Market
• Based on Level of Service
• Based on Ownership and Affiliation
• Based on Star rating
• Based on Length of Stay
• Based on Theme
Based on Location

City center/Downtown : Generally located in the heart of city within a short distance from business center, shopping
arcade. Rates are normally high due to their location advantages. They have high traffic on weekdays and the occupancy is
generally high. Example: Taj Mahal, Mumbai

Motels: They are located primarily on highways, they provide lodging to highway travelers and also provide ample parking
space. The length of stay is usually overnight. Example: KTDC, Kerala Suburban hotels: They are located in suburban
areas, it generally have high traffic on weekend. It is ideal for budget travelers. In this type of hotel rates are moderately
low.

Airport hotels: These hotels are set up near by the airport. They have transit guest who stay over between flights. Example:
Centaur hotel , New Delhi

Resort hotels: They are also termed as health resort or beach hill resort and so depending on their position and location.
They cater a person who wants to relax, enjoy themselves at hill station. Most resort work to full capacity during peak
season. Sales and revenue fluctuate from season to season. Example: Raj Vilas , Jaipur

Rotels: These novel variants are hotel on wheel. Our very own "palace on wheels" and "Deccan Odyssey" are trains
providing a luxurious hotel atmosphere. Their interior is done like hotel room. They are normally used by small group of
travelers. Example: Palace on wheels

Floating hotels: As name implies these hotels are established on luxury liners or ship. It is located on river, sea or big lakes.
In cruise ships, rooms are generally small and all furniture is fixed down. It has long stay guest. Example: Royal Caribbean
cruise ships
Boatels: A house boat hotels is referred as boatels. The shikaras of Kashmir and Kettuvallam of Kerala are houseboats in
India which offers luxurious accommodation to travelers. Example: Shikaras , Kashmir

Based on size
• Small – Less than 25 rooms
• Medium – 25-99
• Large – 100-299
• Mega – More than 299 rooms

Classification of fully operational hotels in the following categories:-

• 1. Star Hotels: 7 Star, 6 Star, 5 Star, 4 Star, 3 Star, 2 Star & 1 Star
• 2. Heritage Hotels: Heritage Grand, Heritage Classic & Heritage

Based on Star rating

• Single Star 1*
• Two Star 2*
• Three Star 3*
• Four Star 4*
• Five Star 5*
• Six Star 6*
• Seven Star 7*

Based on Theme
Heritage hotel: In this hotel a guest is graciously welcomed, offered room that have their own history, serve traditional
cuisine and are entertained by folk artist. These hotels put their best efforts to give the glimpse of their region’s history and
culture. Example: Jai Mahal palace in Jaipur.

Ecotels : these are environment friendly hotels these hotel use eco friendly items in the room. Example: Orchid Mumbai is
Asia first and most popular five star Ecotels.

Boutique hotels: This hotel provides exceptional accommodation, furniture in a themed and stylish manner and caters to
corporate travelers. Example: In India The Park Bangalore is a boutique hotel

Spas: is a resort which provide therapeutic bath and massage along with other features of luxury hotels in India. Ananda spa
in Himalayas are the most popular Spa.
HERITAGE BUILDING?
“Heritage building” means and includes any building of one or more premises or any part there of and/or structure, artifact
which requires conservation and preservation for historical and architectural and artisanry and aesthetic and cultural and
environmental and ecological purpose and includes such portion of land adjoining such building or part thereof as may be
required for fencing or covering or in any manner preserving the historical and architectural and aesthetic.

POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN HERITAGE AND HOSPITALITY:

The link between heritage and hospitality is old. This link is seen in historic hotels, which may
date back hundreds of years. In fact, there is a wide application of heritage in hotels. However, theseapplications vary
substantially. For example, they may be applied in the whole hotel or part of it. They may reflect tangible or intangible
elements of heritage or both. The relationship between heritage and hospitality is flexible i.e. there are no firm rules that
manage heritage application.

HERITAGE-HOSPITALITY LINK:
• Distinctive hospitality,
• The way(s) of heritage application,
• Hotel establishments
• Authenticity, and
• Balancing hotel profits and heritage preservation.
• Heritage has two applications:
• Positive - Caring of culture and landscape for a sense of identity and belonging.
• Negative - Utilization of the past for commercial ends.

BENEFITS OF HOTEL CLASSIFICATION

The advantage of adopting a Classification System cannot be overemphasized; it is a worthy venture in all
ramifications. This is because guests expect to find the minimum operational standards regardless of the location or
provider. Hence, when hotels are graded and classified, government's plan in terms of accommodation is made
easier.

Marketing strategy also become easier with guest profiles of different categories available and investors have
benchmarks for improving standards and/or adding a range of facilities.
It also helps public and private organs in their promotions with clearer focus and eliminates bad properties which
impact negatively on the reputation of the destination.

TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF HOTEL AREAS

Hotels provide a service to their customers whose requirements are:

• Clean, quiet and comfortable rooms
• Good food
• Good service, and
 • Value for money

The financial viability of the project depends on keeping capital requirements and
operating costs to a minimum. This depends largely on the standards of planning,
construction and equipment of the building. For the architect the two most important
technical decisions are:
• Location of the main kitchen, and
• Provision of an efficient duct system

Four distinct types of areas are involved:

Guest rooms, public areas, administration offices and ‘back-of-house’ facilities:

Relationships between these areas must be planned to provide separation of

customer and back-of-house areas but also allow efficient service without cross-
circulation or distraction.

CIRCULATION SPACES

Circulation spaces are the most important public spaces in a Hotel. Not only do they encompass general public
inside, but also do the work of binding all the separate elements of the hotel into a single entity. Corridors, lobbies,
etc. are the backbone of the Hotel circulation.

Not only do the guests depend on them for transportation, the service personnel also depend on them for efficient
service delivery.
Hospitality design nowadays has come a long way from medieval inns and rest houses. The level of sophistication
demands a very efficient and robust mechanism so that the guests in a hotel do not come into contact with the
internal service network or staff.

Hotel design basically works upon the segregation and efficient functioning of guest and service movement.
Although, generally the form of a hotel is dominated by the guest room tower, the overall design is greatly affected
by the circulation areas and the public spaces thus created.

A very crucial part of circulation space design is its integration with the service lines, i.e. various shafts for electrical
and mechanical services, and fire escape staircases, etc.

Although the overall built form of the hotel is dictated by the room
tower design, this seminar will try to find out the extent of
circulation & service network design on the developed form.

As mentioned earlier, circulation spaces are vital in overall service

network planning of a hotel, thus this chapter would be analyzing
the different types and the impact of these on the design of the
built form. Guest rooms are sited to take advantage of the best
views and orientation while minimizing noise and disturbance.
This also applies to those public areas in which daylight is
essential: from restaurants, small meeting rooms and foyers or
lounge areas to larger convention halls.

This figure gives a schematic layout of various spaces in a hotel

and how they are connected by service networks.
CRUCIAL DECISIONS

Many crucial decisions are to be taken which eventually would come to dictate the arrangement of circulation
networks which in turn would affect the overall built space design. Some decisions are mentioned below:

PARKING: VALET OR SELF-PARK

In valet parking, the user does not have to go to the on-site parking or basement level car park to park his car; a valet
does that for him, whereas, if the user has to park a car himself then there has to be a separate lift for the guests to
travel to the guest lobby. This poses more security issues as the safety of the basement would be compromised.
Also, the guests have to be guided every time to their respective vehicles, whereas the valets could locate the cars
more easily and thus the circulation in the basement car park could be more efficient and swifter.

LUGGAGE HANDLING: BY GUEST OR BELLMAN

In case of luggage handling, the decision is generally dependent on the scale of the hotel. If it is budget hotel or up
to a 3-star hotel, the general practice is to let the guests escort themselves to the guest rooms with their own luggage,
whereas, in 4 Star and above hotels, bellboys are necessary to carry the luggage of the guests.

Another decision to be taken here is if the luggage is to be carried in the public elevators or there would be specific
luggage lifts near the guest lift lobby.

This would need an alteration to both the guest circulation from the guest lobby and for the service personnel.

FRONT DESK PROCEDURES: COMPUTERS, ROOM STATUS

These are a few questions which don’t necessarily affect the spatial design of the lobby but surely affect the
furniture design and the related buffer space to be allotted for guests and staff movement.
Depending on the kind of services provided the space arrangement of the lobby is decided.

GUESTROOM FOOD SERVICE: CART OR

TRAY

Guestroom food services are one of the most

important factors to be considered while designing
the service core of a hotel. As a thumb rule, 2.5
minutes is considered the optimum time for food to
reach from the central kitchen to the guest room.
Nowadays, though, cloches with burners in the
trollies are being used. However, it is good practice
to limit the distance, from service cores to guest
rooms, to not more than 40 meters.
SITE SELECTION :

"Varanasi is older than history, older than tradition, even older than legend and looks twice as old as all of them put
together." -- Mark Twain

INTRODUCTION

Varanasi, one of the world’s oldest living cities, Is rightly called the religious capital of India. Considered as the abode of
LORD SHIVA, Varanasi also Known as Benaras rests on the bank sacred river “Ganges”. Kashi! A cultural capital of India
a melting pot, where both life and death come together. History of Varanasi is as old as Indian civilization in itself. In the
Indian mythology Varanasi or Kashi finds an important place. The ganga gaths “River Front ” are the most popular
pilgrimage spot of Varanasi and are center of music and learning. The art and culture of Varanasi Is unique. Its has a rich
style of forms and folk art. It also presents a unique, social and cultural fabric. All these combined together to give a distinct
look to the city of Moksha. “A Symbol of Spiritualism, Philosophy and Mysticism”.

To experience the richness of Varanasi do visit Ganga Monastery with a comfortable accommodation, antique architecture
and warm hospitality, which gives a homely feeling. The Ganga Monastery overlooks holy Gangas and the surroundings are
truly refreshing.
Varanasi, Banaras or Kashi, on the banks of the Ganga, one of the most sacred pilgrimages to Hindus also happens to be
one of the oldest, continually inhibited cities in the world. Named in reference to the confluence of the rivers Varuna and
Assi, Varanasi is a melting pot of religion, mythology, spirituality, and also nirvana in a luxury setting. This is what the
recently restored Brijrama Palace Hotel in Varanasi promises its guests — the luxury of the material world and the
soothing calm of the spiritual world. Majestically facing the Ganga at the Darbhanga Ghat, the original struct ure was
built in 1812 by Shridhara Narayana Munshi (Munshi Ghat, adjacent to the palace is named after him), the then minister
for the estate of Nagpur. In 1915, King Rameshwar Singh Bahadur of Darbhanga (Bihar) acquired the palace. Post 1915,
the second floor of the palace was constructed and an elevator — one of the first in Asia — was installed.
Brijrama Palace, Varanasi: Tryst With Grandeur

The experience begins at the Raj Ghat, where guests are greeted by a boatman in traditional livery and escorted
to the bajra, a traditional Indian wooden boat that takes you to the hotel, while the guide regales you with tales
of the ghats that you cross. From the jetty where the bajra stops, the stone steps enhance the grandeur of the
Brijrama Palace. The courtyard on the ground floor is a unique space, beautifully restored to retain its original
features of rain water outlets along the slight roof, neatly scooped into the stone. The floor of the courtyard
pattern in marble is flanked on either side by small alcoves.

Light streams down the atria during the day, while at night the embellished feature walls and roofs of the lounge
and sitting spaces glow from all the mirrorwork on the walls. The interiors are a mix of architectural styles,
reflecting the change of hands over the years. While the lined sandstone pillars, semicircular bastions and floral
motifs are all Maratha elements, the Greco-Roman statuettes and carvings of river dolphins are courtesy the
Maharaja of Darbhanga (in modern-day Bihar). The current owners, 1589 Hotels, have tastefully added hand-
painted frescoes, thekari artwork, mirrorwork murals, and wooden-blade ceiling fans, a design element from the
‘40s. There are several original artworks from the 18th century adorning the walls and pillars of the hotel as
well as stunning antiques that lends the heritage property a ‘living with history' vibe in Varanasi.

Brijrama Palace, Varanasi: Embellished in Traditional Motifs

The luxury heritage hotel has 32 well-appointed rooms across several categories — Nadidhara, Dhanurdhara,
Vasundhara, Maharaja Suite, Varuna Burj on three different floors. The décor is elegant with traditional furniture
and embellished in the jewel colours of Banarasi silks. Traditional lamps and beautiful paintings adorn the walls of
the rooms that boast of time-honoured interiors with a chic twist. If it's the view you are after, aim for the 300
square foot Varuna Burj Room, also known as ‘The Bastion,' a semi-circular room which is an extension of the
palace wall. Guests can enjoy a spectacular 180-degree view of the crescent at Varanasi and experience the Ganges.

Brijrama Palace, Varanasi: World on a Platter

The magnificent central atrium — the Bada Aangan — stages live classical music or dance performances every day.
Panaya, the in-house shop, stocks rich Banarasi silks, Ayurvedic cosmetics and religious mementos for gifting.
Beautiful views can be enjoyed from The Kamalya Terrace. The main restaurant, Darbhanga, serves a wide range of
Indian and European/Asian dishes but as with all establishments situated in close proximity to the Ganges, only
vegetarian food is served and no alcohol is available. The vegetarian fare is fit for royalty. The rich gastronomic
sojourn that is the Banarasi thali consists of nine hearty dishes, including Banarasi dum aloo, matar nimona
(mashed-pea curry) and ghuguni (bengal gram curry), along with crispy, colourful sago papads, and your choice of
bread. The last course features the flavoursome world-famous Banarasi paan. The chef can also rustle up Chinese,
Italian, Mexican, or Thai delicacies for those craving their global fare. Brijrama Palace serves you Banaras
wholeheartedly, right next to the mighty and graceful Ganga.

History : Varanasi is one of the oldest cities in the world, which is still in use. The city was first named as
Kashi. According to mythology, Gods created this city for them to live amidst humans. Lord Shiva is said to
have lived in Khasi. According to historians, the civilization in Varanasi was started by Aryans during the
Ganges Valley civilization. By the end of 2nd century BC, Varanasi was one of the thriving and wealthy regions
of the country. In 6th century BC, Lord Buddha gave his first sermon, just 10 km away from Varanasi,
introducing the new religion, Buddhism. Many people from around the country reached Kashi to learn about
various fields. A Chinese traveler, Hsuan Tsang visited Kashi in 635 AD.
The land flourished until 12th century, when invaders destructed most of the ancient Kashi. Many Muslim
rulers destroyed Varanasi for three centuries until Akbar came into throne to restore the city to its previous
glory, only to be again destroyed by Aurangzeb in 17th century. In 18th century, Varanasi was announced as a
separated kingdom, with the capital at Ramnagar. British declared it as a separate state in the beginning of
20 th century. After independence, Varanasi was added to Uttar Pradesh boundary.

Etymology: Traditional etymology links "Varanasi" to the names of two Ganges tributaries forming the city's
borders: Varuna, still flowing in northern Varanasi, and Assi, today a small stream in the southern part of the city, near
Assi Ghat. The old city is located on the north shores of the Ganges, bounded by Varuna and Assi. In the Rigveda, an
ancient Indian sacred collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns, the city is referred to as Kāśī (काशी: Kashi) from the
Sanskrit verbal root kaś- "to shine", making Varanasi known as "City of Light",[16] the "luminous city as an eminent
seat of learning". The name was also used by pilgrims dating from Buddha's days.

Hindu religious texts use many epithets to refer to Varanasi, such as Kāśikā (काशशका Sanskrit: "the shining one"),
Avimukta (अशिमुक्त: Sanskrit: "never forsaken" by Shiva), Ānandakānana (आनंदकानन: Sanskrit: "the forest of bliss"),
and Rudravāsa (रुद्रिास: Sanskrit: "the place where Rudra/Śiva resides")

Hindu mythology

According to Hindu mythology, Varanasi was founded by Shiva, one of three principal deities along
with Brahma and Vishnu. During a fight between Brahma and Shiva, one of Brahma's five heads was torn off by
Shiva. As was the custom, the victor carried the slain adversary's head in his hand and let it hang down from his hand
as an act of ignominy, and a sign of his own bravery. A bridle was also put into the mouth. Shiva thus dishonored
Brahma's head, and kept it with him at all times. When he came to the city of Varanasi in this state, the hanging head
of Brahma dropped from Shiva's hand and disappeared in the ground. Varanasi is therefore considered an extremely
holy site. The Pandavas, the protagonists of the Hindu epic Mahabharata, are said to have visited the city in search of
Shiva to atone for their sin of fratricide and Brāhmanahatya that they had committed during the climactic Kurukshetra
War. It is regarded as one of seven holy cities (Sapta Puri) which can provide Moksha; Ayodhya, Mathura, Haridwar,
Kashi, Kanchi, Avanti, and Dvārakā are the seven cities known as the givers of liberation. The princesses Ambika and
Ambalika of Kashi were wed to the Hastinapur ruler Vichitravirya, and they later gave birth
to Pandu and Dhritarashtra. Bhima, a son of Pandu, married a Kashi princess Valandhara and their union resulted in the
birth of Sarvaga, who later ruled Kashi. Dhritarasthra's eldest son Duryodhana also married a Kashi princess
Bhanumati, who later bore him a son Lakshman Kumara and a daughter Lakshmanaa.

Ancient period
Varanasi grew as an important industrial centre, famous for its muslin and silk fabrics, perfumes, ivory works, and
sculpture. During the time of Gautama Buddha, Varanasi was part of the Kingdom of Kashi. The Buddha is believed
to have founded Buddhism here around 528 BCE when he gave his first sermon, "The Setting in Motion of the
Wheel of Dharma", at nearby Sarnath. The celebrated Chinese traveller Xuanzang, also known as Hiuen Tsiang,
who visited the city around 635 CE, attested that the city was a centre of religious and artistic activities, and that it
extended for about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) along the western bank of the Ganges. When Xuanzang, visited Varanasi in
the 7th century, he named it "Polonise" and wrote that the city had some 30 temples with about 30 monks. The
city's religious importance continued to grow in the 8th century, when Adi Shankara established the worship of
Shiva as an official sect of Varanasi.[28]
Medieval period

Kabir, a 15th-century Indian mystic poet and saint Chandradeva, founder of

the Gahadavala dynasty made Banaras a second capital in 1090. After fall of Pala Empire,
the Chero dynasty ruled Varanasi till Mughal rule.
Varanasi remained a centre of activity for intellectuals and theologians during the Middle Ages,
which further contributed to its reputation as a cultural centre of religion and education. Several
major figures of the Bhakti movement were born in Varanasi, including Kabir who was born
here in 1389, and Ravidas, a 15th-century socio-religious reformer, mystic, poet, traveller, and
spiritual figure, who was born and lived in the city and employed in the tannery industry.
Early Modern to Modern periods (1500–1949)
Numerous eminent scholars and preachers visited the city from across India and South Asia. Guru Nanak visited
Varanasi for Maha Shivaratri in 1507, a trip that played a large role in the founding of Sikhism.
Varanasi experienced a Hindu cultural revival in the 16th century under the Mughal emperor Akbar, who invested in
the city and funded to build two large temples dedicated to Shiva and Vishnu. The Raja of Pune established the
Annapurna Mandir, and the 200-metre (660 ft) Akbari Bridge was also completed during this period. The earliest
tourists began arriving in the city during the 16th century. In 1665, the French traveller Jean-Baptiste
Tavernier described the architectural beauty of the Vindu Madhava temple on the side of the Ganges. The road
infrastructure was also improved during this period. It was extended from Kolkata to Peshawar by Emperor Sher
Shah Suri; later during the British Raj it came to be known as the famous Grand Trunk Road. In 1656,
Emperor Aurangzeb ordered the destruction of many temples and the building of mosques, causing the city to
experience a temporary setback. However, after Aurangazeb's death, most of India was ruled by a confederacy of
pro-Hindu kings. Much of modern Varanasi was built during this time, especially during the 18th century by
the Maratha and Bhumihar Brahmin Kings. The kings governing Varanasi continued to wield power and importance
through much of the British Raj period, including the Maharaja of Benares, or simply called by the people of
Benaras as Kashi Naresh.
The Kingdom of Benares was given official status by the Mughals in 1737, and continued as a dynasty-governed
area until Indian independence in 1947, during the reign of Dr. Vibhuti Narayan Singh. In the 18th
century, Muhammad Shah ordered the construction of an observatory on the Ganges, attached to Man Mandir Ghat,
designed to discover imperfections in the calendar in order to revise existing astronomical tables. Tourism in the city
began to flourish in the 18th century. In 1791, under the rule of the British Governor-General Warren
Hastings, Jonathan Duncan founded a Sanskrit College in Varanasi. In 1867, the establishment of the Varanasi
Municipal Board led to significant improvements in the city's infrastructure and basic amenities of health services,
drinking water supply and sanitation
Author Mark Twain wrote in 1897 of Varanasi, "Benares is older than history, older than tradition, older even than
legend, and looks twice as old as all of them put together." In 1910, the British made Varanasi a new Indian state,
with Ramnagar as its capital, but with no jurisdiction over the city proper. The religious head, Kashi Naresh, has had
his headquarters at the Ramnagar Fort since the 18th century, also a repository of the history of the kings of
Varanasi, which is situated to the east of Varanasi, across the Ganges. The Kashi Naresh is deeply revered by the
local people and the chief cultural patron; some devout inhabitants consider him to be the incarnation of Shiva.
Annie Besant founded the Central Hindu College, which later became a foundation for the creation of Banaras
Hindu University in 1916. Besant founded the college because she wanted "to bring men of all religions together
under the ideal of brotherhood in order to promote Indian cultural values and to remove ill-will among different
sections of the Indian population."
Varanasi was ceded to the Union of India in 1947, becoming part of Uttar Pradesh after Indian
independence. Vibhuti Narayan Singh incorporated his territories into the United Provinces in 1949.

Languages
More than 95% of the local population speaks Hindi and around 3% of the population mentioned Urdu as
their first language. Bhojpuri is also spoken in Varanasi. Historically, Sanskrit was the oldest language of
Banaras. However, English is quite common today in Varanasi.

Literature
Varanasi was once the center of spiritual education. It was called, SarvaVidya ki Rajdhani (the capital of
knowledge of everything). Varanasi developed many scholars, intellects, and others in different fields. Many
universities were built in Varanasi, in the past.
Many writers thrived in Varanasi like Tulsidas Kulluka, Kabir Das, Jaishankar Prasad, Bharatendu
Harishchandra, Acharya Shukla, Tegh Ali, Baldev Upadhyaya, Vagish Shashtri, Vidya Niwas Mishra, and
others. The city also thrived in Ayurveda medical education and Panchkarma treatment. Many hospitals were
erected and the famous Indian medical book, Sushruta Samhita’s author, Sushruta lived and trained in Varanasi.
Culture of Varanasi
Varanasi, the ancient powerful city of Banaras, gets it fame from the history, art, archaeology, geography,
mythology, and other classes of culture. Varanasi is associated with divinity, civilization, and the birthplace
of modern culture. Today, Varanasi stands as a museum to the art, culture, spirituality, and lifestyle of
ancient Indians.
Facts:
• The city of Banaras is one of the oldest still surviving cities of the world.
• This city was the epicenter for studying Yoga, medicine, holistic healing science, natural science, and others.
• Varanasi is the spiritual capital of the country.
• Varanasi is also the leading trade center for gold brocades, Banarasi silk, silver articles, and others
• The city has more than 3,000 temples dedicated to different Gods of Hindu religion.
• The largest and ancient university of Asia is located in Varanasi. Banaras Hindu University is an important
tourist attraction today.
• During rainy season, a couple of frogs are wedding by a priest in Ashwamegh Ghat. The newly-wed couple is
left in the river.
• It is a popular belief that if one draws his last breath in Varanasi, he will reach heaven. Due to this, every year,
hundreds of people come to Varanasi to stay until they die. Some even jump into the river to take their lives.
• This city has 88 ghats, making it the city with the most number of river banks in the world.
• Varanasi has numerous other names apart from Banaras and Kashi. Top names popular among people are
Sudarsana, Brahma Vardha, Mahasmasana, Ramya, and others.

Religions:
Varanasi is the birthplace of three main religions of India; Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism. These
spirituality beliefs and rituals revolve around the holy River Ganges, which is believed to be sent to Earth by
Lord Shiva to flourish the land. Apart from 3,300 temples in Varanasi, it also has 3 churches, 9 Buddhist
temples, 3 Gurudwaras, 1,388 mosques and Dargahs, and 3 Jain temples.
Art
Varanasi has a unique art culture. In the past, it was the center of traditions and culture. Every modern
cultural performance was derived by the ancient art and culture of this land. According to historians, the
Banaras or Kashi was famous for many art works and performance arts. Top art works that flourished the
land were metal works, Banaras silk weaving, copperware, and others.

Dance And Music

Varanasi is an epitome of music, since the ancient times. Vocal and instrumental music thrived in Benaras.
Even today, the city is filled with rich folk music works. The dance and music forms of Varanasi were said
to be developed by Lord Shiva. The music traditions were spread by Renu, son of Vishva mitra. Ancient
saints famous for music skills are Meera, Kabir, Surdas, Tulsidas, and Ravidas. The modern form of music
developed during the neo-Vaishnava movement.
During 16th century, new forms of music like Hori, Dhamar, Chaturanga, Assarwari, and other s were
developed. In the recent times, modern music forms like Chaiti, Banarasi Thumri, Kajri, Hori, and others
were developed. Notable music personalities of Varanasi are Samta Prasad, Kishan Maharaj, Samar Saha,
and others.
There is a Varanasi School of Music inside the city, which trains children in traditional and folk versions of
music like Kajri, Chaiti, and others. Both instrumental and vocal music are taught in this schoo l. Top music
instruments of Varanasi are sitar and tabola. If you plan on buying instruments from Varanasi, remember
that the instruments can be made with mango tree wood and teak wood. The one with mango tree wood is
inferior and cheap in price. The instruments made with vijyasar, a herbal tree wood is very expensive and is
considered as a heirloom.

Festivals
Top festivals celebrated in Varanasi are Mahashivratri, ShavanMaah, Holi, Deepavali, Dhrupad Mela, Ekadashi,
Akshya Tritiya, and others. Almost all Hindu festivals are celebrated religiously here.
Top music festival of Varanasi are Drupad Festival of TulsiGhat ( March/April), Sankat Mochan Sangeet Samaroh
(April/May), Kartik Purnima (November), and others. During Buddha Purnima and Shivratri, many music
performances take place.

BENARES HOTELS LTD. (BENARESHOTELS) - COMPANY HISTORY

Promoted by chairman Vibhuti Narayan Singh in 1971 Benares Hotels (BHL) is in the hotel business in Varanasi Uttar
Pradesh. In Mar.'94 it undertook a project financed by term loans to provide the hotel with a restaurant and bar. It has also
finalised plans for further expansion of the hotel which are currently under implementation.In 1994-95 the inflow of tourists
into the country was adversely affected by the plague epidemic in the country. In spite of this the company achieved
improved working results in 1994-95 showing an increase of 11.6% in revenue.The hotel is located close to the temples
making it more convenient for foreign tourists. It has a large banquet hall a swimming pool and a well-maintained garden.
During the year 1998-99 Company declared dividend for the the year is 60% to the shareholders and also earned in foreign
exchange earnings amounting to Rs 9.74 crores.The company recorded a impressive performance in increased
occupancyhigher room realisation and higher F & B revenue and because of this the profit after tax increased by 6 % when
compared to previous year.

Banaras and Ganga relation by a student:

Banaras and Ganges share a very special bond. No other piligrimage shares that bond. From early morning to late night
ganga looks like the lifeline of this holy city. The ghats of Ganges are always full with countless people trying to understand
the mystery of life. They all include dehati Indians to high profile foreigners. Assi is the closest ghat to the BHU. When I
lived there as a student, I daily went to Assi Ghat in the evening. A sitting on this ghat gave immense peace and happiness.
You can roam on the bank of Ganges, chat with a foreinner, you can also see people trying to cheat these
foreignes…everything is there. But the ghats of ganges are remarkable place to see while you are in Varanasi.
• The city of Varanasi -“sacred city” of India and it is recognized as the “most ancient continuously living city of the
world”.
• The city is unique in the architectural, artistic and religious expressions of traditional Indian culture and is, even today a
living example of this culture.
• As fast as continuity of cultural tradition is concerned banaras surpasses all civilization centers.

Varanasi , also known as Benares or Kashi , is a city on the banks of the river Gange in Uttar Pradesh.
Varanasi is located 840 km southeast of New Delhi, 320 km southeast of Lucknow, 121 km east of Allahabad.

ACCESS TO THE CITY:

By Air: The airport is at Babatpur, 23 km from the city centre and is about 30 km from
the ghats.
By Rail: Varanasi is linked to all major cities of the country and is the focal point for
the Northern and North-Eastern Railways in India. Varanasi Cantt. is the main railway
station of the city and is located on the Grand trunk Road.
By Road Varanasi is situated at the junction of three national highways -NH2 from
Kolkata to Delhi, NH7 to Kanyakumari and NH29 to Gorakhpur and undoubtedly it is
one of the busiest roads of India
CLIMATE: The city enjoys sub-tropical monsoon climate. The temperature varying
between 5c – 45 c in a year. The relative humidity is high during monsoon reaching up
to 82-85%. Annual rainfall in varanasi is around 1000 mm.

The Development of the city

• Trade has increased
• more tourist visits
• increase in economy
• availability of infrastructure
• connectivity with surrounding areas
• increase in populationextension in the boundary of banaras

SITE FOR HOTEL :

The land has been allotted by VMP/ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE for the development of Transport infrastructure
and Commercial structures. The surrounded area is semi-developed area. Area is well connected by road network and has
power supply with all necessary amenities. Also the proposed project will result in the increase in the social infrastructure as
the population related to Commercial complex in form of supporting staff, working staff & visitors will increase.
Varanasi is located in middle Ganges Valley In the North India, in Eastern part of U.P.
The Varanasi city is geographically located at 25000' to 25016' N Latitude and 82050' to 83010' E Longitude. The
topography of the city is averaging between 50 feet (15 m) and 70 feet (21 m) above the river. The Ganga River flows from
South to North having the world-famous Ghats on its left bank.

Location : Varanasi, U.P.

Latitude: 25° 19' 26.30"N to 25° 19' 42.71"N
Longitude: 83° 01’51.69"E to 83° 20' 22” E Kashi, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
Surrounding : Surrounded by most of the
residential land use, Commercial, Ghat and Railway station.
Site Orientation: facing North
Site Topography: It is observed that the site falls on the ridgeline, and the streamline falls outside the site on the northern
side that connects to river Varuna. From the contour study it is observed that that the flow in the northern side is towards the
streamline, which finally drains into river Varuna, and the flow in the eastern side is towards, river Varuna. The south side
of the site is elevated and the flow is towards river Ganga. Hence, it is inferred that in the northern, eastern, and southern
side of the site, the flow is away from the site.
ON site context: dense green
Climate : Humid Sub- Tropical
Soil : very fertile deep loamy (alluvial) soil, Sandy, Sandy Loam, Clay Loam, Sodic / Saline Soil
Access Roads: NH-44
Connectivity : Varanasi lies along the NH-2
which connects it to Delhi and Kolkata.
Railway Station: Kashi Railway Station (Proposed project area includes Kashi Railway Station and its surrounding area)
Air Port: Lal Bahadur ShastriInternational Airport: 26 km (SE)
Current use: The present land utilization is: Coal yard, Settlements, Encroachments, Public/semipublic (Mosque and
railway station)
Land: Coal Handling Yard having 4 sidings to be shifted to VyasNagar Station.
Vegetation: Tree cutting is anticipated. Tree cutting permission by Forest department, Varanasi has been granted for cutting
of trees at the project site.
Site has 246 Nos. of trees with 23 varieties. However, out of 1,64,342.84 sq. m of the IMS core area, the project will have
43,723 Sq.m (27%) green area of which 20,478 sq.m (12%) green area is proposed on land surface.
Buildings: Yes. Demolition of Existing Buildings and structures
Solid Waste: About 4.47 TPD solid waste is expected to be generated. Seven collection points with 3 days storage space
(including 2 days buffer space) are proposed to be created at site. The door to door collection of the municipal waste,
transferring the same to these interim storage spaces and further conveyance to the Municipal solid waste handling sites will
be the scope of the municipal department or their nominated agencies. No solid waste management plant is envisaged in the
site.
Liquid Waste: Sewage generation from the project site is expected to be about 1,683.10KLDwhich will be treated through
in-situ STP having capacity 1,508 KLD. Treated waste water will be used for flushing, landscape, DG Cooling water
makeup and HVAC Cooling tower water.
New electrical underground power lines is proposed from 132/33 kV substation located at Ledhpur, located at 7 km from
the project site.
Treated waste water from STP located at Dinapur Village about 3 km from the project site will be used during construction
phase. Surface water from river Ganga will be used as water source for the project during operation phase. Alternatively,
civic body supplied water can also be used as a source of water supply for the project during operation phase.
Changes in water bodies: No change Surface Drainage: Surface drainage is expected tobe affected due to construction of the
project. However, it is proposed to have a peripheral garland drain to be constructed routing the natural drainage system to
the river Ganga
Timber will not be used in the proposed project.
The direct and indirect benefits of the project are detailed below:
Direct Benefits:
• More convenience and less time for interchange between modes
• Lower transportation costs
• Increased usage of common facilities such as waiting rooms, escalators, concourse etc.
• Increased economic productivity and efficiency
• Better mobility for elderly and disabled
• Higher returns due to increased passenger footfall and improved commercial development
• Reduced energy consumption and environmental pollution
• Employment Generation
Indirect Benefits:
• Decongestion of City Traffic
• Use of multiple modes of transportation
Construction or demolition wastes: Demolition wastes like brick, rods, RCC etc. will be generated. These will be handled
as per C&D Waste Management & Handling Rule, as applicable
Construction Work: Top soil: 20 mm - 25 mm top soil will be collected and stored separately at safe and designated
location. The top soil will be used later for development of green belt and landscaping. Excavated earth for basement, if
found to be sand, will be used for construction purpose. If the excavated earth is not sand, then the soil will be disposed at
designated location as per Varanasi Development Authority Guidelines.
HFL: The proposed site is located nearby the banks of river Ganges. The highest flood level of river Ganga is 73.901m in
year 1978. From the topo drawing, it is observed that except for a small parcel of land on the southwest portion of the
proposed site, rest of the land area is above the HFL. The master plan for IMS is diligently planned considering all the
constraints including HFL.
Contour study for 2 km radius based on GIS data: There are two water bodies namely River Ganga at a distance of
approximately 100 m from site in south and River Varuna at a distance of approximately 100 m from site in northeast. From
GIS data, the exact flow direction based on the contour is assessed for 2 km radius surrounding the site and the rainfall
runoff flow pattern and catchment area based on the same was studied Rainfall runoff flow pattern based on contour study
Ridge line: “Line forming along the highest points of elevation”
Stream line: “Line forming along the lowest points of elevation”
It is observed that the site falls on the ridgeline, and the streamline falls outside the site on the northern side that connects to
river Varuna. From the contour study it is observed that that the flow in the northern side is towards the streamline, which
finally drains into river Varuna, and the flow in the eastern side is towards, river Varuna. The south side of the site is
elevated and the flow is towards river Ganga. Hence, it is inferred that in the northern, eastern, and southern side of the site,
the flow is away from the site. From the figure, it is also observed that small portion of land parcel mentioned as land parcel
B of about 2.08 acres will have flow towards the site.
Hence, it is suggested to provide peripheral drain to take care of the flow from the catchment area (B). In the western side,
the terrain immediate to the site is elevated and hence the site will have inflow from the catchment area of about 14.07 acres
mentioned as land parcel A in the above figure. It is recommended to provide peripheral drain to take care of the flow from
the same.
SITE CONTEXT & SURROUNDINGS :
The project lies in the eastern side of Varanasi City, along the river Ganga. The bank on which the project site is located
(i.e. Varanasi City) is densely populated.
Archeological Site: The project site is abutting Rajghat Archeological Site (under Archeological Survey of India) 88 Ghats
are also prominent landscape of Varanasi Sarnath, a place of GautamBuddha Siting, and is a pilgrim place for Buddhists is
located about 15 km north of the project site
Ecological: The project site is on the wester side of the Kachua Sanctuary at a distance of 75 m Rivers: VarunaRiver 220 m
North East, Ganga River, 130 mSouthEast, Confluence area of River Varuna& River Ganga
The project site is on the wester side of the Kachua Sanctuary at a distance of 75 m Ganga Dolphin (Su-Su)was cited in the
region
Inland Water: River Ganga (130 m) and River Varuna (220 m) Coastal: None Marine: None Underground Water: Dug
well and Tubewell are existing within the project site
The site is within Kasi Railway Station. Varanasi, being a tourism and pilgrimage place, Kashi Railway station is one of the
access points to the City
Within 15 km of the project site:
Hospitals: BHU, Other Government and Private Health Care Establishment is available in the City
Schools/Educational Institutions: Various schools from UP Board, CBSE and ICSE are available in the city. World class
educational institute includes Banaras Hindu University (BHU) is in this city. Other government and private educational
institutions are also available.
Places of worship: Some of the prominent places of worship in Varanasi is are: Kasi Vishwanath Temple,
DashashwamedhGhat, AssiGhat, TulsiManas Temple, Durga Temple, SankatMochan Temple etc.
Community facilities: Government offices, Banks, Police Station, Fire Stations etc. are available in the city
SITE ACCESSIBILITY:
From Bus Stand
• Ashapur Ghazipur Bus Stand : 5.4Km (14min)
• Varanasi Bus Stand : 5.6Km (16min)
From Railway Station
• Sarnath Railway Station : 7.4km(23min)
From Airport
• Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport : 26Km (42min)
Geography
Varanasi is located at an elevation of 80.71 metres (264.8 ft) in the centre of the Ganges valley of North India, in the
Eastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh, along the left crescent-shaped bank of the Ganges, averaging between 15
metres (50 ft) and 21 metres (70 ft) above the river. The city is the headquarters of Varanasi district. By road,
Varanasi is located 797 kilometres (495 mi) south-east of New Delhi, 320 kilometres (200 mi) south-east
of Lucknow, 121 kilometres (75 mi) east of Allahabad, and 63 kilometres (39 mi) south of Jaunpur. The "Varanasi
Urban Agglomeration" – an agglomeration of seven urban sub-units – covers an area of
112 km2 (43 sq mi). Neighbourhoods of the city include Adampura, Anandbagh, Bachchhaon, Bangali Tola,
Bhelpura, Bulanala, Chaitganj, Chaukaghat, Chowk, Dhupchandi, Dumraon, Gandhinagar, Gautam Nagar, Giri
Nagar, Gopal Vihar, Guru Nanak Nagar, Jaitpura, Kail Garh, Khanna, Kotwali, Lanka Manduadih, Luxa,
Maheshpur, Mahmoorganj, Maulvibagh, Nagwar, Naipokhari, Shivala, Siddhagiribagh, and Sigra.
Located in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of North India, the land is very fertile because low-level floods in the Ganges
continually replenish the soil. Varanasi is situated between the Ganges confluences with two rivers: the Varuna and
the Assi stream. The distance between the two confluences is around 2 miles (4 km), and serves as a sacred
journeying route for Hindus, which culminates with a visit to a Sakshi Vinayak Temple.

Demographics:
According to the 2011 census Varanasi district has a population of 3,676,841, This gives it a ranking of 75th in India (out of
a total of 640). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 17.32%. The district has a population density of
2,399 inhabitants per square kilometre (6,210/sq mi) . Varanasi has a sex ratio of 909 females for every 1000 males, and a
literacy rate of 77.05%.

Climate:
Varanasi experiences a humid subtropical climate with large
variations between summer and winter temperatures. The dry
summer starts in April and lasts until June, followed by the
monsoon season from July to October. The temperature ranges
between 22 and 46 °C (72 and 115 °F) in the summers. Winters in
Varanasi see very large diurnal variations, with warm days and
downright cold nights. Cold waves from the Himalayan region
cause temperatures to dip across the city in the winter from
December to February and temperatures below 5 °C (41 °F) are not
uncommon. The average annual rainfall is 1,110 mm (44 in). Fog is
common in the winters, while hot dry winds, called loo, blow in the
summers. In recent years, the water level of the Ganges has
decreased significantly; upstream dams, unregulated water
extraction, and dwindling glacial sources due to global warming may be to blame.

Economy
According to the 2006 City Development Plan for Varanasi,
approximately 29% of Varanasi's population is
employed. Approximately 40% are employed in manufacturing,
26% work in trade and commerce, 19% work in other services,
8% work in transport and communication, 4% work in
agriculture, 2% work in construction, and 2% are marginal
workers (working for less than half of the year).
Among manufacturing workers, 51% work in spinning and
weaving, 15% work in metal, 6% work in printing and
publishing, 5% work in electrical machinery, and the rest work in
a wide variety of industry sectors. Varanasi's manufacturing industry is not well developed and is
dominated by small-scale industries and household production.

Tourism
Tourism is Varanasi's second most important industry. Domestic tourist most commonly visit for religious purposes
while foreign tourist visit for ghats along River Ganges and Sarnath. Most domestic tourists are from Bihar, West
Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, and other parts of Uttar Pradesh, while the majority of foreign tourists are from Sri Lanka
and Japan. The peak tourist season falls between October and March. In total, there are around 12,000 beds available
in the city, of which about one half are in inexpensive budget hotels and one third in dharamsalas. Overall,
Varanasi's tourist infrastructure is not well developed.
In 2017, InterContinental Hotels Group made an agreement with the JHV group to set up Holiday Inn and Crowne
Plaza hotel chains in Varanasi.

Tourist arrival in Varanasi

Year International Domestic Total

2013 285,252 4,966,161 5,251,413

2014 287,761 5,202,236 5,489,997

2015 302,370 5,413,927 5,716,297

2016 312,519 5,600,146 5,912,665

2017 334,708 5,947,355 6,282,063

2018 348,970 6,095,890 6,444,860

2019 350,000 6,447,775 6,797,775

The prominent malls and multiplexes in Varanasi are JHV Mall in the Cantonment area, IP Mall in Sigra, IP Vijaya
Mall in Bhelupur, Vinayak Plaza in Maldhaiya and PDR Mall in Luxa. The city has several banks, including
the Allahabad Bank, Andhra Bank, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank, Central Bank of India, Corporation Bank, Indian
Overseas Bank, and State Bank of India.
Ghats
The Ghats in Varanasi are world-renowned embankments made in steps of stone slabs along the river bank where
pilgrims perform ritual ablutions. The ghats are an integral complement to the Hindu concept of divinity represented
in physical, metaphysical, and supernatural elements. Varanasi has at least 84 ghats, most of which are used for
bathing by pilgrims and spiritually significant Hindu puja ceremony, while a few are used exclusively as Hindu
cremation sites. Steps in the ghats lead to the banks of Ganges, including the Dashashwamedh Ghat,
the Manikarnika Ghat, the Panchganga Ghat, and the Harishchandra Ghat, where Hindus cremate their dead. Many
ghats are associated with Hindu legends and several are now privately owned.
Many of the ghats were constructed under the patronage of the Marathas, Shindes (Scindias), Holkars, Bhonsles,
and Peshwas. Most are bathing ghats, while others are used as cremation sites. A morning boat ride on the Ganges
across the ghats is a popular tourist attraction. The extensive stretches of ghats in Varanasi enhance the riverfront
with a multitude of shrines, temples, and palaces built "tier on the tier above the water's edge".
The Dashashwamedh Ghat is the main and probably the oldest ghat of Varanasi located on the Ganges, close to
the Kashi Vishwanath Temple. It is believed that Brahma created this ghat to welcome Shiva and sacrificed ten
horses during the Dasa-Ashwamedha yajna performed there. Above and adjacent to this ghat, there are also temples
dedicated to Sulatankesvara, Brahmesvara, Varahesvara, Abhaya Vinayaka, Ganga (the Ganges), and Bandi Devi,
which are all important pilgrimage sites. A group of priests performs "Agni Pooja" (Sanskrit: "Worship of Fire")
daily in the evening at this ghat as a dedication to Shiva, Ganga, Surya (Sun), Agni (Fire), and the entire universe.
Special aartis are held on Tuesdays and on religious festivals.
The Manikarnika Ghat is the Mahasmasana, the primary site for Hindu cremation in the city. Adjoining the ghat,
there are raised platforms that are used for death anniversary rituals. According to a myth, it is said that an earring of
Shiva or his wife Sati fell here. Fourth-century Gupta period inscriptions mention this ghat. However, the current
ghat as a permanent riverside embankment was built in 1302 and has been renovated at least three times throughout
its existence.
The Jain Ghat is believed to birthplace of Suparshvanatha (7th Tirthankara) and Parshvanatha (23rd tirthankara).
The Jain Ghat or Bachraj Ghat is a Jain Ghat and has three Jain Temples located on the banks of the River. It is
believed that the Jain Maharajas used to own these ghats. Bachraj Ghat has three Jain temples near the river's banks,
and one them is a very ancient temple of Tirthankara Suparswanath.

Temples:
The Kashi Vishwanath Temple, the most important temple in Varanasi.
Shri Vishwanath Mandir has the tallest temple tower in the world.
The 18th century Durga Kund Temple, also known as the "Monkey
temple".
Parshvanath Jain temple

Among the estimated 23,000 temples in Varanasi, the temples most popular for
worship are: the Kashi Vishwanath Temple of Shiva; the Sankat Mochan
Hanuman Temple; and the Durga Temple, known for monkeys that reside in the
large trees nearby.
Transport
Varanasi is well-connected by air, rail, and road. One of the major factors in Varanasi, is its access to all parts of the
country. Within the city mobility is provided by taxis, rickshaws, cycle rickshaws, and three-wheelers, but with
certain restrictions in the old town area of the city.
Air transport: Varanasi is served by Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport (IATA: VNS, ICAO: VEBN), which
is approximately 26 km (16 mi) from the city centre in Babatpur. The airport's new terminal was inaugurated in
2010, and it was granted international airport status on 4 October 2012. Air India, Air India Express, Buddha
Air, IndiGo, Malindo Air, SpiceJet, SriLankan Airlines, Thai AirAsia, Thai Smile and Vistara operate flights from
Varanasi to Ahmedabad, Bangkok, Colombo, Delhi, Gaya, Kathmandu, Khajuraho, Sharjah, Kuala
Lumpur, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Bengaluru, Goa, Guwahati, Jaipur, Kolkata and several other cities.
Over 3,010,702 passengers passed through the airport in 2019–20, making it the 20th busiest airport in India. The
total aircraft movement for the session 2019–20 was 24,056 while cargo tonnage equalled 3,580. Total footfall of
the international passengers for the session 2019–20 was 231,730.
Railways
Varanasi Junction, commonly known as Varanasi Cantt Railway Station, is the city's largest train station. More than
360,000 passengers and 240 trains pass through each day. Manduadih railway station is also a Terminal station
of Varanasi. Because of huge rush at Varanasi Junction the railway developed the station as a high facilitated
terminal.Varanasi City railway station is also one of the railway stations in Varanasi district. It is 4 km North-East of
Varanasi Junction railway station. It serves as Terminal station because of heavy rush at Varanasi
Junction. Mughalsarai Junction railway station is also the important station in Varanasi suburban.
Some important express trains operating from the Varanasi Junction railway station and Manduadih railway station
are: Shiv Ganga Express runs between New Delhi Junction and Manduadih station while Mahamana Express runs
between Varanasi junction and New Delhi Junction; the Udhna Varanasi Express that runs between Udhna (Surat)
junction and Varanasi, a distance of 1,398 kilometres (869 mi); the Kashi Vishwanath Express that runs between
Varanasi and New Delhi railway station; the Kanpur Varanasi InterCity express, also called Varuna express, which
runs over a distance of 355 kilometres (221 mi) and connects with Lucknow (the capital city of Uttar Pradesh)
and Varanasi; and the Sabarmati Express which runs between Varanasi and Ahmedabad. Vande Bharat Express,
a semi-high speed train was launched in the month of February in 2019 in the Delhi-Varanasi route. The train
reduced the time travel between the two cities by 15 percent as compared to the Shatabdi Express
Varanasi has following railway stations within the city suburbs:

Station Number of
Station Name Railway Zone
Code Platforms

Varanasi Junction BSB Northern Railway 9

Manduadih North Eastern

MUV 8
Railway Station Railway

Varanasi City North Eastern

BCY 5
Railway Station Railway

Kashi Railway
KEI Northern Railway 3
Station
 Station Number of
Station Name Railway Zone
Code Platforms

Sarnath Railway North Eastern

SRNT 3
Station Railway

Deen Dayal
East Central
Upadhyaya DDU 8
Railway
Junction

Shivpur Railway
SOP Northern Railway 3
Station

Northern
Bhulanpur
BHLP Railway/North 2
Railway Station
Eastern Railway

Lohta Railway
LOT Northern Railway 3
Station
Roads:
Auto rickshaws and E-rickshaws are the most widely available forms of public transport in the old city. In the outer
regions of the city, taxis are available. Daily commuters prefer city buses, which operate on specific routes of urban
and suburban areas. The city buses are operated by Varanasi City Transport Service Limited. Nearly, 120 buses are
operated by Varanasi City Transport Service Limited.
The following National Highways pass through Varanasi:
The heavy traffic of the city is monitored through Integrated Traffic Management System. The smart traffic
management system equips the city with automatic signal control system, separate signal system for pedestrians,
traffic management centre at state level, area traffic control system, corridor management and dynamic traffic
indicators for smooth movement of traffic. Varanasi Traffic Police keeps an eye through Smart Command and
Control Centre.
Inland waterways
National Waterway 1 passes through Varanasi. In 2018, a new inland port was established on the banks of Ganges
River. The Multi-Modal Terminal is designed to handle 1.26 million metric tons of cargo every year and covers an
area of 34 hectares. Nearly, 170 crore was invested by the Government to setup an inland port. Maersk started its
container service in 2019 by moving 16 containers on NW-1 from Varanasi to Kolkata. The port also catered
PepsiCo, IFFCO Fertilizers, Emami Agrotech and Dabur for cargo movement
According to Bye-Laws:
Min land area: 1000 sq.m. for Hotel
For 1000 sq.m. land
• For organized area : min. 18m wide road required, 40% ground coverage, 2.00 f.a.r.
• For unorganized area: min. 24m wide road required, 40% ground coverage, 2.50 f.a.r.

If land area goes beyond to 10,000 sq.m. : min road width 30m, and F.A.R. goes upto 4.00

Area Distribution in Hotel:

• 20% of F.A.R used for retail, office and Business purpose
• 20% of F.A.R. used for service apartments
• 5% of ground coverage used for Atrium (which is not included in F.A.R.)
5 star Hotel requirement:

• Min 2Ha area and min 30m road width

• Max. 40% ground coverage and basic 3.00 F.A.R. and used 1.00 F.A.R. for purchasing purpose
• Min 25% F.A.R used for Hotel and other for Business

Parking:
• every 2 guest room : 1 ECS
• 100sq.m. area: 2 ECS ( business, office, service apartment, banqueting)
• Star/badget: 100sq.m. : 1.5 ECS parking pace

Set back:
let’s assume : max. 36m height
Acc. to 3.4.5 table :
35 to 40m : 12m set back for all sides

Height:
Max. Height of building: 1.5 x (road width + front set back )
: 1.5 x (25m road width + 12m)
: 1.5 x 37= 55.5m (within permissible)
CASE STUDY:

Noor Mahal, Karnal

Noor Mahal, a five-star luxury hotel, is inspired by India’s rich heritage and captured
the royalty created by Indian maharajas over the centuries. the hotel has been designed
with intricate details to capture the authentic essence of traditional Moghul and
Rajputana styles of architecture. with the unique combination of traditional royal
essence and modern amenities, the Noor hotel exudes warmth and comfort for all its
guests. besides the conventional luxuries of a five star hotel, Noor hotel also offers
many other lavish amenities that makes it one of the most sought after weekend gateways to unwind, relax and enjoy with
your family & friends.

PROJECT OVERVIEW:

ARCHITECT- Ar. Himmat Singh & Ar. Nimesh Patel

Interior Designer- Mr. M.A. Kamat and Tushar Joshi
Client- Mr. Mandeep Choudhary
Chairman- Mr. Mandeep Chaudhary
Managing Director- Mrs. Bini Chaudhary
Area: 8 Acre
Star rating: 5 star
Accommodation: 125 rooms

Site Location: The hotel is located in front of the proposed bypass of Karnal.
The hotel is gaining profits because it's the only five star hotel in Karnal at present and also in the nearby cities like
Panipat, Kurukshetra, Ambala, Jind, Hisar and Yamunanagar.

ACCOMODATIONS: At NOORMAHAL, we have 125 fabulous rooms painted in comfort and most elegantly designed.

THEY ARE FURTHER DIVIDED IN 5 CATEGORIES:

▪ KHWABGAH CHAMBER (1 ROOM)
AREA- 2700 sq ft.
The centrally air-conditioned Khwabgah is a royal sleeping space that comprises of a living area, 2 bedrooms, office
chamber, a dining room with a separate bar and a private terrace, offering the view of the Karnal city.

▪ PRESIDENTIAL SUITE (1 ROOM)

AREA- 1500 sq ft.
The well-furnished suite includes of a living room, a bar, an in-room pantry and 2 huge stunning opulent bedrooms. Along
with leisure vacationers, the suites are also ideal for business visitors as it also has Business Kit that has letter head, fax
sheet, pad, envelop, pen and pencils.
▪ HERITAGE ROOM (12 ROOMS)
AREA- 650 sq ft.
Sophisticated furnishing, comfortable rich furniture and a wonder décor adorn the living room and the bedroom.
▪ CLUB ROYAL (32 ROOMS)
AREA- 420 sq ft.
The capacious air-conditioned Club Royal Rooms boast opulent interiors and a world of modern conveniences
▪ CLUB ROYAL (77 ROOMS)
AREA- 370 sq ft.
The centrally air-conditioned Club Rooms have lavish interiors that are clubbed with contemporary comforts, offering a
memorable stay.

Plans:

▪ Basement plan: 40% area is for B.O.H, like stores, A.C. Plant Room, D.G. Set Room, Food Store, Laundry,
Electrical Panel, Transformer, Wet Garbage Room, Butchery Room, Sewerage Treatment Plant, H.R.
Manager, Staff cafeteria, administrative offices, account section, pay roller section, IT room, security room,
hotel bakery kitchen and icing room, housekeeping room and 60% area is being used for parking etc.

▪ Lower Ground Floor: 3 Halls for Banquets, conference & Convention Functions & Banquet Kitchen with
Cold Rooms, Food & Beverage Offices & marketing Offices.

▪ Upper Ground Floor: Lobby, Front Reception, Commercial Areas Like Shopping arcade, Pastry Shop, 2
Restaurants, Main Kitchen, Coffee Shop, Elevators, Health Club, Gym & Rest Rooms plus 5 meeting halls.
Board Room, 1 Business Centre, G.M.' Secretariat, Director's offices.

▪ First Floor Plan: 59 keys including club royal, club rooms, heritage suites and one presidential suite, lifts,
house keeping room, corridor, pantry, elevator and public areas like courtyard etc.
 ▪ Second Floor: 63 Keys including Club Royal Rooms, Club Rooms, Heritage Suites and one Presidential
suite, Lifts, House Keeping Room, Corridor, Pantry, Elevator, and Public Areas like courtyard etc.

Analysis of Individual Spaces:

Reception an Waiting Lounge: There are two counters on the reception. one is the cashier desk and the other is for
the guests to enquire about various details and room availability during their stay in hotel. There is also one
information desk just in front of main entrance. the information desk has all the information regarding the festive
events being organized in the hotel or buffets details of the hotel restaurants. Next to the reception and the
information desk is the aesthetically blended waiting lobby. the waiting lobby has three sets of seating arrangement.

Corridors and the courtyard: The exquisite corridors of the hotel surround the hotel on the lower ground level.
The corridors have Italian marble flooring, Rajputana style paintings on the walls and chandeliers. these air
conditioned corridors and on two sides of the hotel these corridors open up in Raja Bagh and Rani Bagh, two
gardens of the hotel. the courtyard in the center is a remarkable feature of this hotel as it takes you to the true palace
sentiment of Rajasthan.

Public Spaces/Lobby Area: Reception and lobby area a large area to gather the guests and its well furnished with
its traditional interior décor. Main emphasis at entry is the fountain and a dome at a ceiling with chandelier. It has
the capacity of persons at a time i.e. 60-70. Different styles of arches frames are made. Floor finishing of reception
and lobby area is different i.e. floral pattern with borders and diamond marble flooring respectively. Every couch set
has different back panel design. There are total 6 couch set.

Rooms and Suites: At NOOR MAHAL, there are122 fabulous rooms painted in comfort painted in comfort and
most elegantly designed. There are 2 Presidential Suites: luxury paired with impeccable personalized service
showcasing the finest in divine comfort & elegance. There are 6 Heritage Suites: Combining the best of luxury,
space and service standards. Also the hotel has 34 Club Royal Rooms: Extremely well appointed with rather lavish
interiors and an array of modern amenities for luxuries stay and 80 Clubs Rooms: Beautifully designed rooms with
all the comforts of modern amenities.

Spa, Fitness Centre and Swimming Pool:

The Seventh Heaven, Spa: The body enters on the journey of transformation as one enters the screen and soothing
interiors of The Seventh Heaven spa. Set amidst luxurious surroundings, overlooking shimmering swimming pool,
the spa is a heaven clam. there are two separate sections each for shower room. There is also a separate section for
couples, which has its own massage room, sauna and jacuzzi. A Spa is the primary purpose of providing individual
services and treatments for Spa seeking clients, with a focus on health. It has maximum provision of 5 persons. It
has a jacuzzi bath tub (4 persons).

Fitness center: The fitness center caters to the needs of the fitness enthusiast with a complete range of
cardiovascular and strength equipment’s, free weights with stretching and relaxation areas. Unlike the rest of the
hotel, the fitness center center has bright colors in its interiors adding more enthusiasm to the space and the room
has wooden flooring. A well furnished are providing a range of facilities designed to improve and maintain physical
fitness and health. It has capacity of 20 persons at a time.

Swimming pool: The outdoor swimming pool is heated during winter and is a place to relax or swim a few laps.
The swimming pool, fitness center and the spa have a separate lift lobby for to make it easy for the guests to access
these areas with comfort and privacy. Depth – 5ft, Children pool depth – 3ft, POOL BAR- it has a traditional style
gazebo which is meant for pool bar. 9 benches are provided in pool to sit and drink. 6 sunbeds .
The Frontier Mail: A fine dining restaurant, the Frontier Mail serves lip-smacking dishes during lunch and dinner.
The train takes its cue from the first train that operated during the pre- independence time, between Mumbai and
Peshawar. It serves for 94 persons at a time. In this you can also see live cooking and live music is also their in the
evening. It is decorated with pendant lamps of that time. And also photography of 19th century i.e. from Mumbai to
Peshawar.

Meeting Rooms and Banquet Halls: NOOR MAHAL offers a range of facilities for corporate meeting,
conferences, workshops, training programs, off sites and other corporate events. One can choose from one of the
nine meeting spaces as per the requirement. The summit boardrooms with all conference facilities and air
conditioned environ. Seven banquets with pre-function areas which exceeds 18,000 sq. ft. of regal elegance & air
conditioned space and two lawns with over 45,000 sq. ft. of immaculately manicure greens.

The Pool Bar: This colonial style English bar is one place which lets you unwind. One can relax in this charming
bar and enjoy and eclectic collection of fine spirits, cognacs and cigars meant for the connoisseur. This well-stocked
colonial style English bar is the perfect place to unwind. The bar serves a vast variety of scintillating cognacs, fine
spirits and cigars. It serves a capacity of 40-60 persons. It has wooden ceiling and classical jalli partition between
polo and bar.

The Cake Factory: This fabulous bakery offers a variety of cakes, pastries, pies, decorative, cookies, brownies, and
many others mouth water delicacies.

Salon Area: Rajasthani style deigned salon, chik used at windows. It comprises of 15 persons at a time.

Conferences and Meeting Area: It has maximum of 15 persons capacity. Chic curtains of jute are used and
acoustic panels too.
Member’s Lounge: It has capacity of 15 members. Wooden panelling as well as cloth finishing material is used at
walls. Wooden flooring.

Khaas Mahal: This is an exclusive open air restaurant where special meals can be organized.

Deewan- E- Khas: The first courtyard is Deewan-e-Aam on the lobby level providing an access from all 4 sides &
on First Floor a small doorway provides direct access to Deewan-e-Khas. It is surrounded by rooms & balconies
with low jallis & chajjas. 60-70 capacity.

Service Areas: If hotel is famous then its sure that it has good services. Staff of the hotel can cater to the needs of
the guests properly only if the hotel services areas are well designed. A bad layout of kitchen can delay in food
service; improper location of storage area can cause problems at times of loading and unloading. Like these three are
many other factors which depend entirely on the service areas of a hotel. HVAC and fire exit service is provided at
the top of the hotel. Chiller plant is placed at lower basement area. Lifts capacity is of 4-6 persons.

Kitchens: There are four kitchen in the hotel. The first kitchen which is on the upper ground level serves to the two
hotel restaurants, meeting rooms and the guest that are residing in the hotel. The second one is on the lower ground
level and serves to the banquets halls. There is a separate kitchen for bakery items and this third kitchen is in the
basement level. Fourth kitchen is attached to the staff cafeteria and is used for the same purpose. It is also in the
basement of the hotel.

Kitchen for Restaurants - The kitchen has six different sections for cooking different cuisines. There is a washing
area and two chambers for cold storage.
Kitchen for bakery - This kitchen is used just to make bakery items. The bakery kitchen has one more section
attached to it in which the ovens and microwaves are placed known as the icing room.

Kitchen for banquets - The kitchen has one chamber for cold storage and is connected with the three banquet halls
by the aisle. The kitchen is in use only when the banquet halls are in use.

Kitchen for staff - Next to the kitchen is the cafeteria which is used by the hotel staff members only. This cafeteria
can also be accessed by guest’s drivers.

Main Storage - This section is on the basement level of the hotel. This storage items that come in the hotel first pass
through security check then are approved by receiving manager, and then items like milk n cheese are passed
through the lab and then are sent to the main storage room. Storage room also has a cold storage chamber.

Laundry and linen section - These two section are again in basement of the hotel. Both the sections are next to the
house keeping department of the hotel. The linen room is also close to the ladies and gents locker rooms. There are
three Dg sets of 500kv each and two chillers of 350 tons each. There are eight pumps in total out of which three are
primary pumps and five are secondary pumps. There is a hot water generator of 150kv.

Control panel: This room has a LT panel and 3 Dg set breakers. It works on the PLC principal which is
programmable logic controller which can be easily connected and controlled by a computer.

LPG gas storage room, gas bank: The room where LPG gas cylinders are stored is outside the main building block
on the rear side of the hotel. A maximum of fifty cylinders can be kept in this room at one time. Gas pipelines
connect the cylinders with kitchens of the level.
FLOOR PLANS:
BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN LOWER GROUND FLOOR PLAN
UPPER GROUND
FLOOR PLAN
FIRST FLOOR PLAN TERRACE LEVEL
PLAN

Vertical zoning

Imperial Hotel, Delhi

The Imperial in New Delhi is not only a distinguished hotel but one which is primus interparish within the
community of Asia’s fine hotels. The 24 kings palms that lead on to the porch, are an integral part of and witness to
the very creation of New Delhi. As New Delhi landmark’s Hotel, it is located on Janpath, the erstwhile queen way.
It is steps away from the renowned shopping district and major city attractions and a half-hour drive from the
international airport.

PROJECT OVERVIEW:

Architect: Edwin Landseer Lutyens, Ar. F.B. Blomfield

Year of Completion : 1931

Address: 1, Janpath, new Dellhi-110001, India

Location : 17 kms. from IGI Airport, 3 kms. from New Delhi Railway Station. 8 km. from ISBT

Area: 8 Acre

Architecture style: Victorian and Colonial Style

Accommodation : 231 Rooms,43 Suites

Banquet & Conference : Hall - 3.

Cuisine : Thai, Italian, Continental, Indian, Malaysian, Vietnamese.

Dining : Restaurants - 4, Bar - 2.

Other Facilities : Tea-Coffee maker, Room safe, Ironing board
and Butler service on request, Fax machine, Computer data
ports, Health Club, Swimming pool.

Locational Advantage: Located near Connaught Place, close

to places of tourist attraction (Parliament House, India Gate,
President’s House etc.) on Janpath, 20km’s. from Airport, 2
km’s. from railway Station, 5 km’s. from Bus Stand.

Accommodation: 261 rooms including living Quarters, Special

Imperial and Heritage Rooms, Lutyen’s Suite and Royal
Imperial Suite.

amenities at Hotel Imperial: Beauty Parlour, Travel Desk,

Barber shop, Courier service, Front Desk, Free Newspaper,
Parking, Bar, Banquet, Restaurant, Safe Deposit Box,
Conference Facilities, Business Centre, Sauna, Jacuzzi, Swimming pool, Health Club.

History of Hotel: 1911, is a landmark year in the history of New Delhi when it was declared the Capital if India by
King George V. 1911 pays a tribute to this historic milestone and is a celebration of aesthetics with rich interiors,
cuisine showcasing the melting pot culture of Delhi and service that is truly a reflection of Imperial India. 1911 is
spread over three areas, 1911 Brasserie, the Bar and the verandah lounge, overlooking the Imperial lawns.

The Suits:
DECO SUITE

• 630-650 sq.ft.
• Art deco interiors
• view of the Spice Route courtyard, terrace garden and the Atriums
• Seating area for 05-06 guests Exclusive
• Exclusive linen from porthault

DELUXE SUITE:

• 750 sq. ft. – 850 sq. ft.

• Two spacious room (bedrooms and living room)
• Separate dressing room and a dresser.
• Seating area for 5-6 guests.
• View of the front of the rear garden of the Hotel.
• Exclusive linen from Porthault

HERITAGE ROOM:

• 486 sq. ft.

• Seating area for 4-5 guests.
• Choice of marble or parquet Porthault.
• Exclusive linen from Porthault.
• Choice of king size or 2 single beds.
 • Electronic in room safe.

GRAND HERITAGE ROOM: It is larger than the heritage room. A room of 450-486 square feet with a Hollywood bed,
marble bathroom with kohled fittings, dual phone line with voice mail, electronic safe, tea/coffee maker, individual climate
control facility, mini-bar, 32 inch tv, wi-fi and national news paper.

ELIZA ROOM: A special room for single lady guest with a king size bed, highly secured room with camera outside the
room, ladies amenities, climate control, 32 inch tv, channels of international language and national news paper.

HERITAGE SUITE:

• 550 sq. ft.

• Two spacious rooms
• Seating area for 5-6 guests
• Marble baths
• King size bed
• Electronic in room safe

IMPERIAL ROOM:

• 324 sq. ft.

• Marble baths
• Choice of king size or 2 single beds
• Private bar with refrigerator
 • Individual climate control
• Hairdryer

LUTYEN’S SUITE:

• 850 sq. ft.

• Two spacious rooms
• Separate dressing room and a dresser
• Décor and furniture inspired by the Lutyen’s style

ROYAL IMPERIAL SUITE:

• 2100 sq. ft.

• Sitting area 240 sq. ft.
• Dining area 240 sq. ft. for up to 12 persons
• Study room: 90 sq. ft.
• Master bedroom 450 sq. ft. with four poster king sized bed

Restaurants: The imperial houses award winning restaurants, with a culinary palette that ranges from Southeast
Asian, multi cuisine and Indian to French and Italian. Each restaurant has an interesting tale to tell on account to its
origin and inspiration. The two bars have an impressive range of beverages including a notably unique to the hotel
wine list.

The romance of alfresco dinning blossoms at the imperial in three delightful venues, well- manicured lawns, an
oriental courtyard and n Italian terrace to enjoy a fair weather.
The Spice Route: Heralded as one of the top ten restaurants in the world by Conde Nast traveler, the spice route-
serving southeast Asian cuisine, has been designed to reflect the journey of spices form the Malabar coast in Kerala
through Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Indonesia to Thailand and Vietnam. The restaurant is an overwhelming visual
depiction of the art and culture that travelled through these regions.

The Atrium: The Atrium with its high domed ceiling, tropical surroundings and humming fountain creates just the
right atmosphere for a meeting of any kind. Tea time is a ritual at the Atrium. Morning tea comes with an array of
cakes and patisseries, while the traditional English afternoon tea is a divine interlude. The Atrium is a perfect place
to unwind, no matter the purpose or plan.

Patiala peg: Patiala peg, one of the most popular bar in Delhi lives up to its name, which indicates larger measure
of 75 ml pegs instead of the usual 60 ml. As the legend goes, the bar commemorates an exciting tent pegging
encounter that took place in the early 1900s between viceroy’s team and team of the Maharaja’s of Patiala. The bar
has a remarkable collection of photographs of the Maharaja’s of Patiala during the second World War.

1911 Brasserie: 1911 brasserie offers trendy and stylish French cuisine for dinner. Exquisite table linen from the
house of Porthault, Paris, specially designed crockery, candles, glassware, flower arrangement and chic wooden
platters complement the excellent food. Wines have been exclusively selected for the Imperial by experts in Europe
and the New World.

Daniell’s Tavern: In 1786 Thomas and William Daniell arrived in India to paint the unrivalled scenery and
architecture of Hindustan. Daniall’s tavern relives the journey of the daniells and traces Thomas and William
daniells footsteps on a gastronomic journey through each of the places they visited. Interestingly, some of the
recipes has been taken out of the diaries of the daniells. The pan- Indian restaurant showcases original lithographs
by the daniellls.

Banquet and Meeting

Royal Ball Room: Probably the only authentic ballroom remaining in India with levels, the Royal Ballroom evokes
the splendour of lords and ladies bowing and courtesying, before the swirled across the floor to the strains of waltz.
This is where distinguished guests amused themselves when the hotel was opened in 1931 and this is the room
where the first grand ball was held in the presence of lord wilingdon.

Relaxation: The swimming pool

The swimming pool, dotted by the Royal palms and nestled in the shaded grounds of the hotel. Offers the tranquil,
refreshing experience. A well-equipped pool bar serves delectable snacks and drinks to the guests. The fitness
centre, located in the lobby, provides state-of-the-art cybex multi-station equipment, lifecycles, treadmills, climber-
stepper, cross trainer and bench press with television and channel music. It also provides personal guidance for yoga
session and meditation classes.

Hotel Services: Hotel provides with various services to its clients like Billiards/snooker/pool table, airport-railway
transfer facility, laundry facility, Limousine/town car facility, Spa & Jacuzzi room, medical assistance on call,
meeting & conference halls and gift shop etc.

Events: There are three halls where the events, meetings and conferences can be organized and they are Royal
ballroom, Emily Eden & Hodges room, One Imperial Place.
FUNCTIONAL ORGANISATION: HOTEL IMPERIAL
Vertical Zoning:
WESTIN Gurgaon, New Delhi
INTRODUCTION

The Westin Gurgaon is a 310 key, five star luxury business hotel completed in 2010. The stand-alone site is located
in the IT hub of Gurgaon, in close proximity to the Delhi – Jaipur Highway immediately to the north. The complex
responds to its elongated site and to the sea of movement which surrounds it by offering an oasis of calm achieved
through a composition of formal, spatial and material compositions.
• Predominant Use - Commercial Residential
• Period of Construction - 2007-10
• Architects - Studio U+A, New York/Gurgaon
• Project: Westin Hotel
• Location: Gurgaon, Delhi
• Plot Area: 17765.7 Sqm. (4.39 Acres)
• Permissible Ground Coverage: 40%
• Ground Coverage: 46%
• Permissible F.A.R: 1.5
• Permissible Built-Up Area: 26648 Sqm.
• Height Restriction: 60m
• Overall Building Height: 37.5m
• No. Of Keys: 310

VALIDITY AND OBJECTIVE OF CASE STUDY

Westin being one of the most revered hospitality destinations in whole of Delhi NCR was an ideal choice for the
case study. Also the site conditions were suitable for the study.
The building is designed keeping in mind the highest standards of Starwood Group International, although the site
area is just 4.3 acres, thus giving an opportunity to study the vertical and horizontal distribution of functional spaces
and service areas.

LOCATION AND CONNECTIVITY: Westin is located 17 kilometers South-West of IGI Airport - T3. Situated
in the IT hub of Gurgaon sector 29, it is well connected with all the modes of transportation.

COMMUNITY:

-Medanta Medicity - 2.0 km

-Lotus Temple (Bahai Temple) - 25.8 km

RECREATION:
-Kingdom of Dreams - 0.5 km

-Tennis Court - 3.2 km

-Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary - 16.0 km
SHOPPING:

-Dilli Haat - 22.5 km

-Connaught Place - 27.4 km

SURROUNDING LAND USE & URBAN CHARACTER:
As can be gleaned from Figure 32 of nearby buildings and the studied hotel, there is a certain form of urban control
in terms of overall facade treatment. Although materials used in skin cladding are different for all buildings, the
colour beige or earthen yellow can be seen in predominant use. Also, the vertical expanses of the buildings are
similar, i.e. Eight to ten floors, which is well within the mandatory height restriction of 30 meters as mentioned in
the bye laws.

LOCAL BYE LAWS

FAR Allowed - 1.5
Site Area - 4.39 Acres
Allowed Built-up Area - 26,648 Sq. Meters
Height Restriction - 60 Meters
Overall Building Height - 37.5 Meters
Allowed Ground Coverage - 40 %
Ground Coverage - 46 %

DEVELOPMENT OF FORM: The shape of the building is

governed by two major factors, i.e. the site constraints and
form of public spaces creating a rather eclectic mix of
contemporary and minimalistic design.

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF FUNCTIONAL SPACES

IN HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL PLANES

When we go inside the hotel, the first thing that comes into
view is the quite spacious lobby. The lobby here overlooks
the central water feature. The lobby is connected to the
brasserie and the coffee shop.
The materials used in the interior complement the exterior environment and create a sense of expanse; the materials
being white and beige Italian marbles for flooring, and textured white paint for wall coating.

CIRCULATION

The circulation network revolves around the main lobby of

the hotel, as can be seen from the given plan of the ground
floor. The lobby space connects several spaces, such as, the
front office, banquet entrance, coffee shop and brasserie.
SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT IN VERTICAL PLANE

The north elevation, the public face of the hotel, is an

arrangement of distinct architectural elements, which have
been layered both horizontally and vertically. An elevated
two story open faced granite Loggia affords views from the
street and from within, and contains a set of object
buildings, housing the rhomboid All Day Restaurant in
travertine, a cylindrical Front Office in hammered bronze,
and rectilinear Function Room in green marble.
SERVICES:
• Air conditioning - Central A.C plant located in basement with AHUs for guest rooms on the respective floors and in
plenum for banquet halls
• Electrical layout - Transformer is located beside Prego. Main panels are located in the basement with shafts running to
serve all the floors.
• Fire protection - There is a fire escape staircase on the western corner of the hotel with every floor provided with four
fire hydrant closets.

INTERIORS: The corridors are constricted according to standards but, the quality of the space is improved by
cladding the walls with wooden panels. Art installations are placed everywhere a corridor terminates.

The sense of expanse is enhanced by providing both sides of the lobby with floor to floor curtain glazing.
The lobby is flooded with diffused sunlight in the day and in the night the artificial lighting is done by hanging
fixtures from the double heighted ceiling. It is made sure that the intensity of the lighting is kept at an optimal level
to give a serene environment to the guests.

Radisson Blu, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi

INTRODUCTION:

Located 15 km from IGI Airport, Radisson Blu - Paschim Vihar is the third hotel from
Carlson Group in Delhi.
Based on Neo-Gothic style of architecture, the building is a typical business hotel with
deep rooted commercial values. The ground floor of the hotel not only contains the
lobby and coffee shop but also consists of a shopping mall whose services are inside
the 3rd basement level. The ground floor also contains the entrance to the banquet lobby which is in turn on the 1st
floor of the building.

Predominant Use - Commercial Residential

Period of Completion - 2010
Architects - Anil Sharma Architects, New Delhi

VALIDITY AND OBJECTIVE OF CASE STUDY: As opposed to WESTIN, which is a form based
development; the design of Radisson Blu concentrates on efficient mechanical and civil services. Similar to the
proposed project, it has more than 200 guest rooms and every facility to augment the business class customers.
LOCATION & CONNECTIVITY: Radisson Blu is located 15 kilometers from T3, IGI airport and well connected
to the rest of the city.

SURROUNDING LAND USE & URBAN CHARACTER: As can be seen from the
surrounding land use, the location of the hotel is not quite right and it also is in contrast
with the surrounding urban character which is predominantly mid-rise and surrounded
by vacant land. Figure 41 above shows the immediate urban land use and thus the
context of the building; and it can be seen clearly that it is contrast to its surroundings
in one way or another.

LOCAL BYE-LAWS:

FAR Allowed - 4.0

Site Area - 3.78 Acres
Allowed Built-up Area - 61,188 m2
Total Built-up Area - 81, 800 m2 (20,000 m2 more than allowed limit)
Height Restriction - 60 Meters
Overall Building Height - 37.5 Meters
Allowed Ground Coverage - 30 %
Ground Coverage - 6480 m2 (2,000 m2 more than allowed limit)

SERVICES:

The hotel has an installed capacity of 2000 tons of refrigeration and

750 tons for the diesel generators.

INTERNAL PLANNING:
The internal planning of Radisson Blu is very efficient in terms of
segregation of served and servants, and robust service planning.
Also the guest facilities are accessible to all the guests from every
floor.

INTERIORS
On entering the building, the first thing to show up is the Grand
Lobby. Based on Neo-Gothic style of architecture, the materials
and textures used give a very grand atmosphere.

This is done in order to create a sense of vastness. Materials used in

the lobby are white patterned tiles to create a Gothic Motif. The
walls are clad with wall tiles of black color. As evident from the
picture, the lobby has to rely on artificial lighting solutions for
proper visual comfort, as there is an evident lack of day lighting.
Mirrors are also used in abundance, so as to create a sense of
vastness and also to reflect the minimal amount of sunlight available.
OVERALL ANALYSIS
• The building seems to be in contrast with the surrounding built character.
• As can be observed from the site photographs of surrounding areas taken from pool area; neither the buildings heights
nor form developed are in harmony.
• Being a 5-star property, the hotel has to have a certain standard of design but, in this case, the hotel’s design is so
misplaced that it does not respond to either of the climatic or site conditions. The building is a standalone facility
which could have been successful even if it were to be placed someplace else.
• Overall Radisson Blu is a well-designed hotel, adhering to the brand standards of Radisson group. It fulfills all the
prerequisites to be a 5 star facility, the service design is impeccable, but the only place where there is an issue would
be the overall design of the built structure, which is much monotonous when compared to the other study.

HERITAGE VILLAGE RESORT, PANCHGAON

INTRODUCTION

The heritage village Panchgaon invites you to a charming world of ethnic

grandeur. Reminiscent of the magnificent Haveli’s of Rajasthan.

Architect - Ar. Madhav Naik

Client - Sita Travels
Engineer - Ashwani Sharma
Under Construction
LOCATION AND APPROACH: Approximately 50mins drive from Delhi's international airport

It is far from the madding crowds. Its peaceful ambiance is perfect for a relaxing holiday

Climate: Moderate Temp. ,5 – 30C – winters, 35 – 40C - summers

TOPOGRAPHY: Flat

The site is divided into different zones like

• Public areas
• Private areas
• Semi –private areas
• Service areas
• Recreational areas.
• Hindu Methodolgy to be shown in the Hotel by using all the
elements of Hindu character like Koisks , Jharokas , domes
• The feel of privacy as well as space for social interaction has been provided.
• Rooms are flanked on both sides of the central landscaped court creating a feeling of being close to nature.
• The concept of courtyard planning has been used by arranging the rooms in a cluster around a courtyard.
• Private areas are placed rear so that privacy is maintained there.

BUILT UP AND OPEN SPACE RELATIONSHIP

 • This beautiful eco-friendly hotel is set amidst green, spacious lawns spread over 12 sprawling acres.
• Floor Area ratio is 0.34

ORIENTATION OF BUILDING: The orientation of the building is along the north-south, axis.

Building Blocks are placed with consideration of wind movement.

• This block provides a grand entrance to the hotel.

• Porch at the entrance gives a very welcoming feature to the hotel.
• The service zone is provide on the left side of the restaurant and also has a separate entry on the west side.
• The water treatment is done with the help of an underground treatment plant and then the treated water is use
for irrigation purpose.
• Laundry, housekeeping, general store, an A.C. Plant, cold storage, kitchen , pantry etc are the components of
the service zone.
• For fire fighting, two pump rooms have been provided on the either
side of the hotel.
• This palatial hotel offers discerning guests a perfect blend of old world charm and modern amenities.
• The building expresses the traditional Indian architecture, and further an influence of Rajasthani architecture
in it’s buildings.
• Various traditional building elements and materials have been used.
• Central facilities located right at the center not only serve the stay-in guests but also visitors.
• Service entry is very convenient and efficient because of it’s location.
• There is a clear distinction between public, semi-public and private areas.
• Circulation pattern is also well defined and efficient.
AHMEDABAD HOTEL, AHMEDABAD, INDIA

INTRODUCTION

Ahmedabad Hotel is glaring example of the rapidly growing design standards in the Indian
construction industry. Designed by Indian architects and built by the Indian firms, this hotel is
going to be a benchmark for upcoming projects in India.

Location - Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

Designed by - Studio Symbiosis
Architects - Amit Gupta, Britta Knobel Gupta, in collaboration with Vandana Sehgal
Start date – April, 2012
Facade Consultants: Priedemann
Site Area: 6860 sqm
Built-up Area: 24,000 sqm
VALIDITY AND OBJECTIVE OF CASE STUDY
Ahmedabad hotel was chosen as a case study because of the dynamic design
principle involved. It was also taken to imply the fact that such designs are
not only conceived but also implemented in India.

DEVELOPMENT of FORM: On the lower three floors the proposal

consists of reception lobby, shopping area, banquet hall, meeting rooms,
restaurants, lounge space and service areas. All these elements are tied with
a coherent design language of natural canyon like formations. The spaces
are carved out using the same design principles with which a wave carves
out a canyon.
SPACE PLANNING: The building comprises of three waves which are very carefully translated into dramatic key
spaces on the lower floors and on the upper floors they translate into room grids with focus on standardized room
sizes. These waves emerge effortlessly from the landscape creating a sense of harmonic relationship with the
ground. The entry to the building has been marked with a column less cantilever that creates a dramatic entrance
space.
The different functions in the building with different
programmatic requirements are blending together thus
resulting in this iconic building.

The profile of the building has been designed with keen

emphasis given both to the smooth transition from the
horizontal landscape to the vertical structure and to the
standardization and repetition of the façade components.
The profile of the building has been designed with keen emphasis given both to the smooth transition from the
horizontal landscape to the vertical building and to the standardization and repetition of the façade components. The
façade is designed as an intricate part of the building. The interdependent relationship between the skin and structure
of the building makes the system a very coherent one.

LITERATURE STUDY – HYATT REGENCY, PUNE

 • Project: Hyatt Regency
• Location: Pune, Maharashta, India
• Plot Area: 15224.11 Sqm. (3.76 Acres)
• Ground Coverage: 46% (7126.73 Sqm.)
• F.A.R: 2
• Total Built-Up Area: 55574.6 Sqm.
• No. Of Floors: 2b + G + 9 (40m Height)
• No. Of Rooms: 219 Luxurious Guestrooms (Hotel Block) 84 Apartments (Service Apartment Block)
• No. Of Rooms Per Floor: 31 Guestrooms (Hotel Block) 13 Apartments (Service Apartment Block)
• Total no. of Bays: 245 Bays (hotel block), 227 bays (service apartment block)
• Guestroom Area: Range From 40 Sqm. To 165 Sqm.
• Area Of Basement: 18533.2 Sqm.
• Area per Room: 181.6 Sqm.
• Open Space: 10% (1522.4 Sqm.)
• Amenity Space: 15% (2283.6 Sqm.)
• Parking Area: 11929 Sqm.
• No. Of Parking: 353 Cars
• No. Of Cars Per Room: 1.2
• Guest room Grid size: 8.8 m x 7.5 m

FEATURES
• 5000 sq.m. of Jaisalmer Flower Limestone in an antique finish has been dry clad on the Twin Towers.
• The glass was double coated to provide sound insulation and prevent glare.
• A raised reflective water body cladded with tropical granite which is grooved and chipped.
• Floating Lanterns on reflective waterbody having solid stone spherical base & brass tops.
• Entrance Driveway: cobbled in black granite and yellow Jaisalmer hand cut cobbles in 200x100x100 mm.
 • The columns were covered with mirrors & ceiling made of mild steel providing indirect lighting.
• The modern interiors include hardwood flooring or carpet.
• Each apartment was bright & sunny with high ceilings and picture windows.
• Temperature controlled indoor swimming pool with sun deck terrace.
Climate Study: Shading devices are not provided because they have used double coated glass natural ventilation is
not provided as though the whole building is air condition. Temperature of Pune is max in April-May and lowest in
Dec-Jan.

Physical and Visual Context: As the building is a corner block no view is blocked.
The two adjacent roads gives the direct view of the entrance façade.

Non-Familiar Activities:
• bakery in hotel at entrance
• open kitchen in restaurants
• light fittings
• canopy with load caring rods
• green wall used to block the bad view
• escalators in hotel
• linen chutes

Visual, Structural and Material Studies:

Odyssey was awarded the hardscape contract for the Hyatt Regency, Pune. Odyssey was involved in the stonework
for various elements of the building including its landscape.
Facade: 5000 sqm of Jaisalmer flower limestone in an antique finish has been dry clad on the twin towers. The
glass was double coated to provide sound insulation and prevent glare.
Hardscape, Water features and Artworks:
• Entrance Driveway – cobbled in black granite and yellow Jaisalmer hand cut cobbles in 200x100x100mm.
• A raised reflective water body cladded with tropical granite which is grooved and chipped.
• Floating lanterns on reflective water body having solid stone spherical base and brass tops.
• lotus pad cut- work lattice is water jet cut in 50mm thick black granite and is flanked by 216 lotuses carved
from spherical stones of 150mm diameter and installed on brass stems on either side of the lattice.

Interiors:
• 1200 pieces cut out of glass were used and the pieces were anchored with cables.
• The columns were covered with mirrors and ceiling made of mild steel providing indirect lighting.
• Square was used as a basic module to create patterns in the interiors with varying light effects.
• The modern interiors include hardwood flooring or carpet.
• Master bedrooms with king size beds having a luxurious bath and rain shower.
• Modern kitchens in apartments equipped with high end appliances.
• Each contemporary apartment was bright and sunny with high ceilings and picture windows.
• Flexible configurations- one or two bedrooms
• Spa with textured wall and ceramic flooring.
• Corridors with carpet
• Gym with wooden flooring.

Observation and Experiences:

Analysis of Spaces:
• On entering the light effect tends to draw the guests towards the grand entry of the hotel.
• When we enter into the space there is a transition in the volume which creates a dramatic effect on the viewer.
• Analytically the entrance foyer has a strong linear axis which directs the user.
• On entering the lobby the user experiences the huge scale of the space. which gives it a wow feeling.
 • There is a chandelier which lights up the whole space giving an experience of the connection between the
human scale and the space.
• The lobby is clean and with no furniture in it. thus creates grand welcoming space.
• The chandelier is made of leftover glass pieces .

Services:

Parking:
• parking – on upper basement (to save commercially valuable space of ground floor).
• area of basement: 18533.2 sq.m
• parking area: 11,929.0 sq.m
• no. of parking: 353 cars
• no. of cars per key: 1.2 per key.

Fire Protection System:

1. Electronic based smoke detectors warning alarms

• A system of interconnected smoke detectors is installed within every room, corridors, all public, semi public
and private areas.
• smoke detector panel located on lobby level.
• each panel – 120 detectors.
• each detector gaurds 30 sq.m area .

2. water based fire sprinklers fire hydrants

• fire sprinklers systems are provided throughout the building.
• fire pumps installed on the technical floor pressurizes the wet system of the sprinklers and fire hoses/racks
• wet riser – an arrangement of fire fighting within the building by means of vertical rising mains with landing
valves on each floor/landing for fire fighting purposes.
 • fixed carbon dioxide/foam/deco water spray extinguishing system.

Fire Lifts:
• To enable fire services personal to reach the upper floors with the minimum delay.
• The lift should have a floor area of not less than 1.4 sq.m.
• Loading capacity not less than 545 kg.
• Lift should have automatically closing doors.
• The speed of the fire lift shall be such that it can reach to top floor from ground level within one minute.
• Lift landing, doors should have fire resistance of 1 hour.
ACMV (Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation)
• Central Air Conditioning system is generally preferred. AC Plant room (4.0m*9.0m) AHU (air handling unit)
(4.0m*5.0m)
• It is located at the basement, preferably at the centre of the building to reduce length of supply and return
ducts.
• Thumb rule for the capacity of the plant is one ton for each 150 sq.ft of the floor area.
• It is located on each floor .
• For taking return supply ducts from main ac plant to ahu room vertical shaft of size 1.5m*2.0m is required.
• From ahu suspended dutiable units of upto 7.5 ton run at maximum 450mm below floor slab beam bottom.
• Each register on supply duct covers area within 3.6m radius.
Water Supply

1. For drainage and sanitation use

a) Water req. per person in hotel 180 lits.
b) Single rooms 5% extra of 180 lits.
c) Suites, or double rooms 10% extra of 180 lits.
2. For drinking use
a) Maximum amount of drinking water slits
b) Kitchen, cooking water slits

3. Storage of water
a) Ground water storage – addition of amount use for drinkage & domestic use.
b) Fire fightting storage tank - 2 times of ground water storage.
c) Overhead water storage – 1.5 times of ground water storage.
Drainage Systems:

Drainage and Sanitation Requirements in public areas

1). one w.c. for 50 people
2). one urinal for 25 people
3). one bath for 25 people
Technology & Construction used in Hotel:

Smart Energy Management

Smart thermostats and occupancy sensors can monitor and respond to fluctuations in occupancy. Likewise, smart
energy-management systems use sophisticated machine-learning algorithms to continuously analyze historical
thermodynamics, local weather patterns and peak demand loads to optimize energy consumption in real-time, all
year round. Smart energy savings aren’t just wild speculation. Smart energy-management systems can reduce hotel
energy costs by up to 20 percent and generate some of the fastest payback periods in the industry (between 12-24
months). They can also significantly increase the resale value of a hotel.

The energy savings from Internet of Things technology is not limited only to heating, ventilation and air conditioning
systems. Smart lighting technology also enables hoteliers to better understand their energy needs, automate
consumption and adapt to real-time changes in occupancy. Just as smart HVAC systems use occupancy sensors and
machine-learning algorithms to continuously analyze demand load patterns and optimize HVAC energy consumption, smart
lighting systems similarly allow hotels to set preferred lighting times, track occupancy patterns and improve overall lighting
energy consumption throughout the year.

For instance, when the Chatwal Hotel in New York retrofitted approximately 1,300 lamps in the hallways, common areas,
and 80 rooms, it saved more than 410,000 annual kilowatt-hours, equating to a 90 percent reduction in lighting energy
consumption. Indeed, the Chatwal Hotel saved around $124,255 in the first year alone.

Predictive Maintenance
Just as smart EMSs enable hoteliers to monitor, track and optimize energy consumption, predictive maintenance
allows them to use sensor data to identify wasteful or hazardous trends and alert maintenance staff before a given
issue escalates into a much costlier one. So rather than waiting for a component to break down before being serviced
or replaced, IoT technologies are enabling engineering staff to predict maintenance needs based on system usage,
prevent system failures and reduce the costs of operating a faulty system.

A single leaky toilet can cost as much as $840 per year. Add to that the cost of water damage that occurs until the leak is
detected. By monitoring water lines with smart, low-cost IoT-enabled water meters, hotels can see a return on their water
consumption in about four years.
Similarly, some online management platforms continuously collect data related to HVAC runtimes for each unique room
and assigns them efficiency ratings. This rating is an indicator of how quickly a room can be heated or cooled back down to
the guest’s preferred temperature and provides engineering teams with critical alerts when HVAC equipment needs
attention.

Smart Guest Experiences

No hotel can operate without guests, and for that reason, hoteliers can expect to see smart technology further shape
guest experiences and expectations. Not only can guest data be used to help better accommodate guest needs, but in
conjunction with occupancy sensors, it can also be used to automate guest interactions throughout their stay,
reducing both friction points and labor costs. In this way, smart technology will continue to make it possible for
hotels to predict and personalize several guest services based on previous visits and aggregated guest data.

Big Data and Big Data Protection

One of the main benefits of smart technology is how it aggregates data and makes it actionable. But with big data
comes big responsibility. According to Cloudbeds, “Big data is great when you can use it to take action—whether
that’s tackling a new market segment or adjusting your rate plans to compete against your competitors. However,
the biggest concern around big data and the necessary data harboring is the safety around it. Every data harborer’s
goal is to keep their customers’ data safe, but that’s easier said than done. In recent years, we’ve seen massive data
breaches that have literally put hundreds of millions of consumers at risk—like Equifax and Target.”

As the price point of big-data solutions makes them more accessible to medium-sized segments of the hotel market,
we can expect to see more hotel owners adopt and invest in them. More importantly, we can expect solution
providers who can guarantee data protect to dominate their market segments.
Smart Reserved Parking

Hotels now can use smart sensors and hotel apps to allow guests to reserve parking spots in advance of their
visit and to have their space assigned upon arrival. This will save hotels the labor cost of manually managing
parking inventory and it will give guests a smoother experience from the moment they pull in.

Remote Check-In/Check-Out

By enabling guests to check in remotely through their mobile device, hotel owners can better predict/manage their
staffing needs and save considerably on labor costs. This technology can also alert hotel staff when guests arrive
(enabling them to spend less time on the welcoming process), offer appropriate upgrades/upsells, and provide them
with a more personalized guest experience, even on their first visit.

At the end of the guest stay, travelers can enjoy a seamless self-check-out experience that also allows them to
arrange for their preferred transportation to their next destination (whether it be taxi, airport shuttle or a ride-sharing
service such as Uber or Lyft), further saving on labor costs.

Mobile Room Keys

Today more and more hotels are offering guests room access via their smartphone app. This is saving costs from
printing environmentally harmful plastic keycards and its eliminating the hassle of managing keycard inventory that
is prone to loss and demagnetization.

Smart Room service

Smart occupancy sensors will also help hotels push menu notifications to smartphones at optimal times when the
guests are in their rooms. These notifications can even include personalized suggestions based on past orders.
Indeed, many home food-delivery apps already offer a similar experience, sending push notifications to frequent
users at their preferred ordering times on their preferred days.
Smart Marketing Practices

Before hotels can deliver on a smart guest experience, they must bring guests through the door; that’s where smart
marketing comes in. Data opportunities of smart technology offer hotels a more complete picture of their guests than
ever before. Hotels that leverage data insight are the ones that will continue to succeed in the face of increased
competition from Airbnb.

Service Automation

Self-service is in style, and it is stepping up continuously. Rather than keep calling to the staff and ask for something, the
guests prefer the self-service. And, the technology rewards us the automation tech to get all tasks done easily.

• Ranging from check-in to check-out, everything will be streamlined.

• Even, some of the hotels give the flexibility to order room service from their own mobile devices.

IoT for Better Control (Mobile Room Key as an Example)

Transforming unintelligent appliances to the smart-tech-enabled devices to proffer more IoT (Internet of Things) perks,
as Mobile Room Key and other.

• A metal piece to electronic key cards to the guest’s mobile device- the technology undergoes changes. Now,
the guests can lock and unlock their rooms using their own mobile devices. Fascinating it is! Even, some of the
hotels have already implemented this tech, no matter it incorporates NFC technology or visual code scanning.
• Internet connectivity everywhere- from a single device to appliance to all the objects. (Don’t forget to try
different beautiful shades of lights!)
• Enables staff and guests to regulate the energy consumption better
 • As a bonus, the guests can not only select their desired rooms, even get the keys for pools and spas, etc.

Online Reputation Management Technology

A hotel’s online ratings can not only help predict future bookings, but they offer owners valuable insight into how
well a property delivered on guest expectations. Therefore, operators will continue to invest in platforms that help
them monitor online reviews, manage their online reputation and use that feedback to improve both their operational
and guest experience standards. Indeed, online reviews not only provide a source of direct feedback from guests, but
they also impact a property’s bottom line.

These 10 trends are just the beginning. Other smart technologies such as customer surveys, smart loyalty-program
management and smart hotel management will play a bigger role in how hotels operate in 2020 and beyond. The key
to smarter hotel operations is implementing the right technologies that meet guests’ expectations and hoteliers’
needs to get to know these travelers better.

As we move toward 2020, we can expect to see more hotel properties leveraging a variety of smart tech to reduce
operational costs, improve guest experience and exploit new sources of revenue. The opportunity is in the data. The
successful properties will be the ones that invest in collecting and analyzing it in an actionable fashion.

PMS is the central computer system which handles the core functions of the properties and its information
processing in hospitality industry such as hotels, motels, guest house, campsite, condominium and so forth. The
functioning of PMS includes reservation, front-back office operation, and managerial functions

Common objectives to use PMS:

• improving capacity management along with operation efficiency,

 • facilitating central room inventory control,
• providing last room availability information,
• offering yield management capability,
• providing better database access for management proposes,
• supporting extensive marketing, sales and operational reports,
• providing travel agency tracking and commission payment,
• tracking frequent flyers and repeat hotel guests,
• direct marketing and personalized service for repeat hotel guests establishing customer relation-ship
management, and
• reducing operational costs with the aid of technology.

Reservation:

The reservation is handled by the PMS at property level. The reservations are received in the form of email, phone
calls, faxes, letters, from hotel‟ s website, bookings from GDS.

All the reservation received is the subject to be entered into the PMS.

If the hotel is a part of a hotel chain or other CRS the reservation are directly entered into the interfaced PMS from
the CRS via internet.

The reservation module of a PMS keeps the record of the guest‟ s preferences such as room type, special request,
dates of stay, deposit information, details about their booking agent and generates confirmation notices. Reservation
module can facilitate single and group reservation based on request and requirement of the guest

Check in- Check out:

PMS facilitates with C-IC-O. The facility differs on
the basis of use of level of technology. The C-I
process brings the guest‟ s reservation file into an
active in-house file and a guest folio is opened.

Check out procedure is related to cash payment.

Most of the hotels have check out at front desk as
check in. But in the hotels automated with self check
out machines the guest does not need to visit front
desk for check out. Guest can view the total bill and
make a payment through the machine and receives a
receipt.

In many hotels the check out is facilitated through

TV. The guest can use remote and check the bill and
pay them online. Such TV is often has a printer
which can deliver a receipt of the payment

Guest history:

Guest history is an important part of PMS which can

be used as a powerful marketing tool.

The PMS facilitate to create such history databases after the guest is checked out. These databases are used for
research and marketing purposes.

Guest history helps in understanding the nature and manner of guest in using services of the properties and provides
background for improvements.
This database also facilitate the future transaction of the guest the address, credit card number and other data entry is
not required to be fed again.

Room management:

This module of PMS helps in tracking the status of room and provides information for housekeeping department in
order to support their work.

This module of PMS contains the information regarding room type, its number, and amenities in room, room rates,
location, and the status of each room.

The status can be vacant, occupied, dirty, clean, inspected and uninspected. The room status gets changed after each
C-IC-O.

Another important function of this module is to provide all the updates regarding the status of the room in order to
increase occupancy rate of the room.

Management application of PMS:

The database of PMS provides management with real time information in order to understand the operation of the
property.

It provides online statistics of different operations such as occupancy percentage, average room rate, gross operating
profit, room sales and so forth.

PMS supports in generating marketing report, arrivals and departure reports, guest behavior report, feedback report,
complaint report, night audit report and so forth

It supports Revenue management or yield Management programs

Back office function

PMS carries out all the back office functions

such as processing of

• payroll,
• employee information,
• accounts payable and receivable,
• inventory, and purchasing.
• Providing reports on revenues, sales,
customer relations and commissions
paid etc.

Guest room technology

The PMS can be featured as required by the

properties. New facilities and features can be
added in order to provide tech savvy services
to the modern guest. The list of such
facilities is given below.

• Electronic lock
• Guest information and entertainment services
• Call accounting system
• Internet facilities
 The kinetic facade creates a folding and unfolding movement, which adapts to the sun and changing
environmental conditions. In terms of kinetic pattern for the whole composition, it creates an expanding and
contracting effect to produce random surface movement in response to local climate conditions.

• ACTUAL MOVABLE ARCHITECTURE COMPONENTS

The actual movable architecture consists of a number of interrelated components and dynamic
transformation structures, and consists of:

• Structure
• Connections
• Actuators
• Materials
• Control systems

1. Movable Structure : In the development from static to dynamic; mobile structures became lighter and more
dynamic, active, and less restricted. There are six types of movable structures:

• Convertible structures
• Compact convertible cantilevers
• Flexible convertible cantilevers
• Flexible and compact cantilevers
• Movable bridge structures
• Movable roof structures

2. Movable Connections
To promote movable connections between two load-bearing elements, free components, bearings, or hinges
are needed. One distinguishes between hinged connections that can provide rotation or translation, as well as
a combination of both movements which can allow up to five degrees of freedom. Depending on the
construction of the hinge, the greatest degree of movement can be artificially defined through the use of
constraints.

3. Actuators

It is a device that moves the system which is provided with an energy that is usually electrical, hydraulic, or
pneumatic power and turns it into movement. It is the last part in a series of controls and is responsible for
the movement of the body in accordance with the orders given by the control system. There are actuators
that depend on pressure such as; hydraulic pistons that are pressurized fluid or pneumatic muscles which
produce linear movement.

4. Materials

The form of materials and their proportions are used in following the idea of the movement and impact of
materials related immediately to the dynamics of the structure system, the more elastic, lightweight materials
are used, modulation flexibility improved, and the connection between the structural elements increases and
continues which allows creating sophisticated applications for the dynamic equilibrium.

5. Control Systems

It is a device, or combination of devices, that commands, manages, directs, or regulates the working of other
devices or systems. Control systems are used in modern production for managing equipment or a machine.
Control system consists of two elements:

· Inputs:
Inputs are assigned in sensors and input different methods, which provides different data about the
surrounding environment. There are five modes:

o Manual Input

o Sensors & Detectors

o Prior Internal Information

o Manual Programming

o Internet

Controllers: Controllers are represented in the computer that is responsible for the choice to move and
therefore collect information from input systems and buffer to actuators that move the structure. There are
three modes of Control Systems of dynamic elements, these are as follows:

o Internal control

o External control

o Complex system

Actuators working
Diagram of Internal and
External Control

Diagram of Complex Systems

INTERACTION WITH LIGHT: SolPix is a registered solar-powered media wall for medium to large scale fittings
in new construction or existing buildings. It completely integrated system for energy production and sun shading
also acts as a digital screen. An intelligent facade communicates with building interiors and external communal
spaces via design software, which serves to remodel a building facade into a responsive environment for
entertainment and public engagement. It permits daylight into the building while lessening its exposure to direct
sunlight. The sun shading elements give unobstructed outdoor views from the building interior while giving a
modern texture to the building exterior. The horizontal or vertical panels can be installed at a preferred angle or can
be rotated to maximize exposure to direct sunlight.

INTERACTION WITH HUMANS: Hypo Surface Wall is a wall design in which there are interactive mechanical
surface that deforms in real-time based on various environmental stimuli, which including the noises and
movements of people, electronic data, and weather. It is comprised of combinations of actuators, which are provided
positions data via a highly efficient bus system as well as a combination of electronic sensors used to trigger types of
mathematical deployment programs. It dramatically advances a very responsive pneumatic mechanical system to a
level of fluent and fluid control through its capture by a highly performative digital control.

INTERACTION WITH SOUND: Encouraged by the aspect of tropism through which plants actively reacts to their
external stimuli, designer NatasaZednik created an intelligent kinetic building system named Sonomorph that moves
in response to changing environmental conditions. A sound-responsive wall is composed of cellular elements that
react to varied stimuli by opening and closing cells that consume sound and emit light. Other possible stimuli
include light, vicinity of individuals, and touch. On outside the Aluminium panels and on inside glass-reinforced
plastic panels are the elements of Sonomorph cells. they're attached to an easy steel wire net with conventional
hardware and use different sensory devices, servo motors, and LED lights for interactive functionality. Throughout
the day the cells’ burnished aluminium shells shimmer within the sunlight, and in the dark, they communicate a
complex, colored glow.

• By involving people in new playful interactions, Sonomorph explores different ways during which expanded
physical environments can further extensively and correctly engage their dynamic contexts.

• When noise waves coincide with the walls of a building, they will be produced to the inside by various routes.
In one case the windows vibrate, thus carrying the noise into the building. In other by transmitting sound
waves to the inside via the bridges inside the structure where the curtain-wall elements are connected to the
frame of the building. Acceleration sensors are installed on the window panes to measure the vibrations
generated by the noise. A piezoelectric material is additionally installed to the window to prevent the
vibrations by producing an oscillation at an equivalent pitch but within the opposite sense there to measured
by the sensor – causing the pane to maneuver within the opposing direction.

INTERACTION WITH WIND: Super Cilia Skin is a tangible and visual system inspired by the beauty of blowing
grass. It consists of an arrangement of computer-controlled actuators (Cilia) that are anchored to a flexible
membrane. These actuators provide data by changing their physical orientation.Super Cilia Skin is basically surface
for displaying haptic and visual information but is also envisioned as dynamic cladding material • Electromagnetic
energy generator make it possible to harness energy from wind blowing over the buildings exterior • Super Cilia
Skin can be both a billboard-like ambient display exterior and a source for alternative energy which is also visually
appealing.
The Kinetic Façade pattern is designed to play the light-shadow game in the space. It can be used to manage light,
air, energy, and even information. They can act to reduce solar gain as well as allowing the passage of fresh air into
the building, helping to alter the interior environment

Facade is designed into 3 layers :

Layer - 1: Glass (Inner Side) If will on the interior side of the work space for the transparency functionality.

Layer - 2 : Hollow frame (Middle Layer)It will be bolted between glass and the solid aluminum cladding, to beautify
building.

Layer - 3: Solid aluminum cladding(Outer Later)On the outer side of the building, which can move independently
with the flow of wind to create a fluid or ripple effect across the entire surface, as well as providing some protection
against rain. Also it is designed in the edge of slab to create the light & shadow play to the space.

Reference image of kinetic facade

Hotel block ride side elevation on west side kinetic facade is used to reduce heat gain and in this high
performance glass is used.
AREA PROGRAMMING:
CONCEPT: Pancha Bhoota or Pancha Maha-Bhoota, five great elements, also five physical elements, is a
group of five basic elements, which, according to Hinduism, is the basis of all cosmic creation. These elements are:
Earth, Water, Fire, Air, Ether. These elements have different characteristics and these also account for different
faculties of human experience. In Ayurveda and Indian philosophy, the human body is considered to be made of
these five elements. The five elements of Indian cosmological system are similar but not identical to five element
theory used in East Asia. Elements, senses and architectural sensitivities are combines. Activities based on the site
are now structured and segregated.

The ghats if Banaras are based on the concept. Manikarnika ghat, Assi ghat, Panchganga ghat, Dashashwamedha
ghat and Adi Keshwara ghat represents Fire, Sky, Water, Ether and Earth respectively.

SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY :

Design as a response to sun and other climatic factors of the site.

Restoring the ecology of the site

 Working with the mind pattern of the site

Responsibility towards saving the habitat of aquatic species

Economy

Producing less waste and reusing that produced in efficient ways

Cost effective construction and redevelopment plans

Using principles of 3R to save material and produce less waste and save money in the long term

Generating electricity from renewable sources present on site.

People

People participation in project promoting harmony and equality

Planning activities for both tourists and locals

Universal accessibility-designing for everyone

Protection from natural hazards

Social sustainability is the process for creating sustainable, successful places that promote wellbeing, by
understanding what people need from the places they live and work. Social sustainability combines design of the
physical realm with design of the social world – infrastructure to support social and cultural life, social amenities,
systems for citizen engagement and space for people and places to evolve.

Through innovative design strategies and by using modern architectural techniques. We aim to make the cultural
capital of India much more sustainable. After studying the given context, cultural lifestyle, and belief system of the
locals, we have dealt with pressing issues such as waste water management, lack of accessibility, privacy and
connectivity. Through our design, we wish to make the region more climate responsive.

EXISTING PANCH BHOOTA:

SKY – ASSI GHAT

AIR – DASASHWAMEDHA GHAT

FIRE – MANIKARNIKA GHAT

WATER – PANCHAGANGA GHAT

EARTH – ADI KESHAV GHAT

ZONING:
FORM EVOLUTION:
DD1:
DD 2:
Inspire from Varanasi culture:
Final Design :
fdgbfd.mp4
References:

https://journals.sagepub.com/home/cqxa
1. Beaudry, Mark H. Contemporary Lodging Security. Boston: Butterworth - Heinemann, 1996.

Beger, Florence, and Bonnie Farber. The On-Track Trainer: A Training Handbook for Hotel & Restaurant Managers.

Borsenik, Frank D., and Alan T. Stutts. The Management of Maintenance and Engineering Systems in the Hospitality Industry. New York:

John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. Covers managing maintenance and engineering departments, energy and energy management systems, reading blueprints, computer applications for
maintenance and engineering, heating refrigeration, air conditioning, etc., waste and pollution.

2. Coltman, Michael M. Financial Control for your Hotel. New York:

Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1991 An accounting text that provides examples and terminology from the hospitality industry.

5. Conducting a Feasibility Study for a New Restaurant: A Do-It-Yourself Handbook. Washington, D.C.:

National Restaurant Association, 1983. Procedures and examples for trsearching the market area, surveying potential competitors, analyzing a selected site, developing a restaurant
concept and constructing a fmancial statement_

6. Dahmer, Sandra J., and Kurt W. Kahl. The waiter and Waitress Training Manual. New York:

Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996. Covers types of table service and settings, safety, sanitation, emergency procedures, computer system and wine and bar service.

7. Escoffier, Marcel Robert, and Shirley Dennis-Escoffier. Restaurant Operations and Controls:

A Practical Guide. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice - Hall, Inc. Inc., 1986. Guide to practical aspects of running a restaurant. Emphasis is on computerizing.

8. Hinkin, Timothy R. Cases in Hospitality Management:

A Critical Incident Approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1995. Incidents are representative of situations student will face soon after entering the workplace. Incidents deal
with a variety of managerial issues, such as decision making, communication, planning, discrimination, performance appraisal, sexual harassment, cultural differences, etc.