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Simple, Simplec, Simpler

The SIMPLE algorithm is relatively straightforward and has been successfully implemented in numerous CFD procedures. SIMPLER is an improved version of SIMPLE that uses separate equations to calculate velocity and pressure fields, resulting in more accurate pressure field calculations. While SIMPLER requires about 30% more calculations than SIMPLE, it can reduce overall computer time by 30-50% due to faster convergence. The performance of SIMPLER, SIMPLEC, and PISO depends on factors like flow conditions and coupling between momentum and scalar equations.

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Saeka Kapti
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30 views

Simple, Simplec, Simpler

The SIMPLE algorithm is relatively straightforward and has been successfully implemented in numerous CFD procedures. SIMPLER is an improved version of SIMPLE that uses separate equations to calculate velocity and pressure fields, resulting in more accurate pressure field calculations. While SIMPLER requires about 30% more calculations than SIMPLE, it can reduce overall computer time by 30-50% due to faster convergence. The performance of SIMPLER, SIMPLEC, and PISO depends on factors like flow conditions and coupling between momentum and scalar equations.

Uploaded by

Saeka Kapti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The SIMPLE algorithm is relatively straightforward and has been successfully implemented in numerous CFD

procedures. The other variations of SIMPLE can produce savings in computational effort due to improved
convergence. In SIMPLE, the pressure correction p′ is satisfactory for correcting velocities but not so good for
correcting pressure. Hence the improved procedure SIMPLER uses the pressure corrections to obtain velocity
corrections only. A separate, more effective, pressure equation is solved to yield the correct pressure field. Since no
terms are omitted to derive the discretised pressure equation in SIMPLER, the resulting pressure field corresponds to
the velocity field. Therefore, in SIMPLER the application of the correct velocity field results in the correct pressure
field, whereas it does not in SIMPLE. Consequently, the method is highly effective in calculating the pressure field
correctly. This has significant advantages when solving the momentum equations. Although the number of
calculations involved in SIMPLER is about 30% larger than that for SIMPLE, the fast convergence rate reportedly
reduces the computer time by 30–50% (Anderson et al., 1984). Further details of SIMPLE and its variants may be
found in Patankar (1980).
SIMPLEC and PISO have proved to be as efficient as SIMPLER in certain types of flows but it is not clear whether
it can be categorically stated that they are better than SIMPLER. Comparisons have shown that the performance of
each algorithm depends on the flow conditions, the degree of coupling between the momentum equation and scalar
equations (in combusting flows, for example, due to the dependence of the local density on concentration and
temperature), the amount of under-relaxation used, and sometimes even on the details of the numerical technique
used for solving the algebraic equations. A comprehensive comparison of PISO, SIMPLER and SIMPLEC methods
for a variety of steady flow problems by Jang et al. (1986) showed that, for problems in which momentum equations
are not coupled to a scalar variable, PISO showed robust convergence behaviour and required less computational
effort than SIMPLER and SIMPLEC. It was also observed that when the scalar variables were closely linked to
velocities, PISO had no significant advantage over the other methods. Iterative methods using SIMPLER and
SIMPLEC have robust convergence characteristics in strongly coupled problems, and it could not be ascertained
which of SIMPLER or SIMPLEC was superior.

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