Smoothing 2D Grids Petrel
Smoothing 2D Grids Petrel
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Figure: Seismic data gridded without (left) and with (right) post process smoothing.
It is possible to apply a hard clip in the same Post proc tab of Make/edit surface. This might be used to clip a N:G
surface to a maximum value of 1.0 and minimum value of 0.0. Smoothing can be applied before and/or after the
hard clip. If applied after the hard clip, the smoothing effect is to round the sharp truncation edge. The beauty of
this post truncation smoothing is that the smoothed values still honor the truncation and do not project above
or below the limits.
Operation Smoothing
Operations based smoothing is the most commonly used method for smoothing a 2D Grid. The 2D Grid already
exists, and is displayed in a 3D Window so the effect of smoothing can be seen. The operation is reached by
opening the Settings dialog for the 2D Grid and going to either the More tab or the Operations tab. In the More
tab, smoothing is at the top of the dialog. In the Operations tab, smoothing is found in the Surface operations
folder. Both offer the same functionality.
Two parameters control smoothing, Number of Iterations and Filter width. Number of Iterations is the equivalent
of hitting the Run button as many times as the number of iterations. Because there is only one “Undo” for an
operation, this multiple execution is very useful. You can try one iteration, undo it, try two iterations, undo it,
and so on until the surface has an acceptable form. The Filter width parameter controls the size of the feature
that gets smoothed out. The feature size can be thought of in grid increments with the filter centered on the
grid node. A width of 1 will extend out one grid increment from the node, 2 will extend two grid increments, and
Petrel is a mark of Schlumberger
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so on. Remember that the filter moves from node to node on the grid, therefore, when the filter width is large it
will have considerable overlap on adjacent nodes. This means that large filter widths can be very aggressive in
the amount of smoothing they do. Again, display the grid in a 3D Window and use the Undo button to test a
variety of filter widths until you reach the desired affect.
Figure: Operations and More tabs showing where smoothing is found.
Figure: Example of smoothing a surface with operations. The original surface (top left), Smoothed with 1
iteration and 1 filter width (top right), smoothed with 3 iterations and 1 filter width (bottom left), smoothed
with 1 iteration and 3 filter width (bottom right).
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Polygon Constrained Operation Smoothing
Polygon Constrained Operation Smoothing is a smoothing method that should be used a lot more than it is. The
technique smoothes only inside or outside a set of polygons and leaves the rest of the surface unaltered. It is
extremely useful for cleaning isolated problem areas in grids or cleaning the suture line related to merging two
grids together. Its advantage over interactive smoothing is that the polygons provide documentation of where
the smoothing was done and ensure that the smoothing is only done within those polygons and only done once.
The steps used in this method are:
1. Use the Make/edit polygons process to create a set of polygons that encircle areas needing more
aggressive smoothing than the rest of the grid.
Figure: Polygons within which smoothing is to be done.
3. Go to the Smooth Operation dialog, hold your cursor over the set filter icon in the lower left corner
and click on the line Set or change the filter in the box that appears.
4. When the Project Settings dialog appears, go to the Misc settings 2 tab and insert the Polygon by
highlighting the polygon name and clicking the blue arrow under Global surface filter. Be sure to click on
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the Apply inside or Apply outside radio button to tell the program where to smooth. Click OK to apply
the parameters and dismiss the dialog.
Figure: Operation showing the Set or change the filter option (left) and the Project dialog that appears
when the line is clicked, showing the polygon inserted and the Apply the surfaces inside button pushed
(right).
5. Click on the set filter icon so that it turns orange ( ). This will make the operation use the
inserted polygons as constraints when it executes.
6. Set the parameters for the smoothing operation.
7. Click the Run button to perform the operation.
Figure: Original grid with polygons circling areas ready for filtering (left), grid filtered only inside the
polygons (right).
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Interactive Smoothing
Interactive smoothing is commonly used to clean small isolated problems in a grid. It is not normally used to
smooth large areas of a grid, as that is more efficiently and accurately done with Operation Smoothing or
Polygon Constrained Operation Smoothing. Interactive Smoothing is done in the Make/edit surface process.
Making this process active makes the 2D Grid editing icons appear on the right side of the display area. Two
icons are used to smooth, the Smooth area icon and the Peak remover icon. Of the two, the authors
have found the Peak remover to be most useful.
The steps used to make either of the methods work are the same:
1. Display the surface to be smoothed in a 3D Window.
2. Click on either the Smooth area or Peak remover icon.
4. Set influence radius to adjust the size of the area to be smoothed. This is in terms of grid
increments.
5. Smooth the grid by either:
- Clicking on the spot to be smoothed, or
- Clicking and dragging the mouse over the area of the grid that is to be smoothed.
Figure: Unsmoothed grid (left), smoothed grid after using the Peak remover (right).