A

PROJECT REPORT
ON

“ISOMETRIC PROJECTION”

SUBMITTED TO

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,

MUMBAI
BY

MR. MANMODE ANIRUDDHA BADRINATH

DIPLOMA IN
COMPUTER ENGINEERING

UNDER GUIDENCE OF
PROF. KHILARE .L.S.

ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

A.C.S.’S
DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, ASHTI
(2022-2023)

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 A.C.S.’S
DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,
ASHTI - 414203

CERTIFICATE
This is to Certify that the project report entitled
“Isometric Projection”

Submitted by
1. Mr. Manmode Aniruddha Badrinath 2215020052
2. Mr. Ware Siddheshwar Vitthal 2215020048
3. Mr. Jadhav krushna Bapu 2215020035
4. Mr. Sonawane Abhijit Ganesh 2215020045

In The Academic Year 2022-2023 In The Partial Fulfilment Of first Semester Diploma in Computer
Engineering. It Is Certified That All Suggestion Indicated For Internal Assessment Have Been Incorporated In
Report. The Project Has Been Approved As It Satisfies The Academic Requirement In Respect Work Prescribed For
The Said Degree.

Prof. Khilare .l.s. Prof. Dhonde .S.A.

(Guide) (HOD)

SIGNATURE OF EXAMINER……………. Prof. Done .l.S.

(Principal)

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 INDEX
Sr. No. Contents Pg. No.
Cover Page 1
Certificate 2
Index 3
1 What Is Isometric Projection 4
2 Principle of Isometric Projections 5
3 Isometric Scale 6
4 Lines in Isometric Projection 7
5 Isometric Drawing 8
6 References 11

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 1. What Is Isometric Projection?
Isometric projection is a method for visually representing three-dimensional
objects in two dimensions in technical and engineering drawings.

It is an axonometric projection in which the three coordinate axes appear equally

foreshortened and the angle between any two of them is 120 degrees.

Pictorial projections are utilized for presenting ideas that might be easily
understood by persons, even without technical knowledge and training of multi-
view drawing.

The Pictorial drawing shows several faces of an object in one view, approximately
as it appears on the eye.

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 2. Principle of Isometric Projections
It’s a pictorial orthographic projection of an object where a transparent cube
containing the object is tilted before one of those solid diagonals of the cube
becomes perpendicular to the vertical plane along with the three axes are equally
inclined to this vertical plane.

The isometric projection of a cube in steps is shown in the below figure-1. Here
ABCDEFGH is the isometric projection of the cube.

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 3. Isometric Scale
In the isometric projection of a cube shown in the show above figure-2, the top
face ABCD is sloping away from the observer, and hence the edges of the top
face will appear fore-shortened.

The true shape of the triangle DAB is represented by the triangle DPB. The extent
of reduction of an isometric line is easily found by the construction of a diagram
known as isometric scale.

For this, reproduce the triangle DPA as shown in the show below figure-3. Mark
the divisions of true length on DP. Through these divisions, draw vertical lines to
get the corresponding points on DA.

The divisions of the line DA give dimensions to isometric scale. In the triangle
ADO and PDO at the show above figure-2 ( An Isometric Cub), the ratio of the
isometric length to the true length,

i.e., DA/DP = cos 45° /cos30° = 0.816

The isometric axes are reduced in the ratio 1:0.816, i.e., 82% approximately.

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 4. Lines in Isometric Projection
The following are the relations between the lines in isometric projection
which are evident from the show above figure-2 ( An Isometric Cub)

1. The lines which are parallel to the object are parallel at the isometric
projection.
2. Vertical lines on the object appear vertical at the isometric
projection.
3. Horizontal lines on the item are drawn at an angle of 3 0° with the
horizontal at the isometric projection.
4. A line parallel to an isometric axis is called an isometric line, and it’s
fore-shortened to 82 percent.
5. A line that’s not parallel to any isometric axis is known as the non-
isometric line, and the extent of the fore-shortening of non-isometric
lines is different if their inclinations with the vertical planes are
different.

Isometric Projection Views

Shows in below Figure (a) rectangular block in pictorial form and Shows in below
Figure (b), the steps for drawing an isometric projection using the isometric scale.

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 5. Isometric Drawing
Drawing of objects are seldom drawn in true isometric projections, since using an
isometric scale is inconvenient.

Instead, a convenient way in which the foreshorten-ing of lengths is ignored and

actual or true lengths are utilized to obtain the projections, known as isometric
drawing, or isometric perspective is normally utilized.

This is advantageous because the measurement could be made directly from a

drawing. The isometric drawing of the figure is slightly larger (approximately
22%) than the isometric projection.

Since the proportions are the same, the increased size doesn’t affect the pictorial
value of this representation, and at the same time, it might be done quickly.

Shows in below a figure the difference between isometric drawing and isometric
projection.

Isometric Drawing

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 • Steps to be followed to make an Isometric drawing from
orthographic views are given below
• Study the given views and note the principal dimensions and other
features of this object.
• Draw the isometric axes (a).

a- Orthographic View

• Mark the principal dimensions to-their true values along the

isometric axes (b).

b- Isometric View

• Complete the housing block by drawing lines parallel to the

isometric axes and passing Through the above markings (c).

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 c- Isometric View

• Locate the principal corners of all the features of the object on the
three faces of the Housing block (d).

d- Isometric View

• Draw lines parallel to the axes and passing through the above points
and obtain the isometric Drawing of this object by darkening the
visible edges (e).

e- Isometric View

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❖ References
1) First year graphics book
2) Figures are download from www.msbte.com
3) www.google.com
4) www.nationalgeographic.com
5) www.energyeduction.ca
6) For type this project we have use a MS-word
7) And we have completed this project under guidance of Prof. Khilare .L.S

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