11 Geometry of Rectilinear Figures 11.

9 HKCEEMAI 998-r-2 1
(ii) AC=AB=�=--'-
cos LA cos36 °
x=180 120=60 ( adj. Ls on st. line ) BE=AEtanLA = 10tan36°
II.I HKCEEMA1980{1/l*/3)-I-l ·. In 6BPD and 6BPQ, y= (4-2)180-80-140-x (L sum of polygon) I
PB=PB (common) =80 Area of 6.A.BC = AC·BE =44.9 (cm2 , 3.s.f.)
x0 +3x"= (2x+40 t (ext.Loft::.) LPBD=LQBP (given)
2
x=20
LDPB=LQPB (proved)
11.10 HKCEEMA1999-I-14 11.14 HKCEEMA2005-l-8
6.BPD2;!68PQ (AAS)
PDPQ (corr. sides, £a: 6s) (a) LABE 180"-LABD (adj. Ls on st. line) x= (6-2 )18076 = 120 (Lsumof polygon)
CP=DP (=PQ) 180° -LCDB (alt.Ls, AB//DC)
In .6A.BC, LB= 120°

11
11.2 HKCEEMA1980(l*)-I-l5
AC=AQ (corr. sides, 8$" 6s) LCDF (adj. Ls 011 st line)
(o) AB=BC (given)
(a) In 6.EMC and Lvl.DC, BD = BQ (corr.sides, 2;! 6.s) (b) In MB£ and 6CDF, :. y0 =LBAC (base Ls, isos.6.)
x=y (given) AC+BD=AQ+BQ=AB AB=CD (property of/ /gram) ( )
y= 180-LB +2 (Lsumof6)
LECM = LACD (common) EB=FC (given) =30
LMEC = LDAC (L sum of .6.) LARE = LCDF (proved) LABG = LBAG = 30°
MMC~ L\ADC (AAA) B l:::.ABE � 6CDF (SAS) i' = LA.GB (vert. opp. Ls)
EM EC l y D '9 LE=LF (corr.Ls,�6s)
Hence, = C = 3 (corr. sides,~ .6.s) z=IB0-30 30=120 (Lsumof6)
AD A :.;-- EA/ /CF (alt. Ls equal)
llA HKCEEMA 1988-l-8(n)
1
EM= AD (i)
J 11.11 HKCEEMA2000-l-13 II.IS HKCEEMA2006-I-5
=½GAB)=¾AB A (a) LA = LABC = LBCD (given) LABE = LAEB (base Ls. isos . .6)
�
� = (5 2)180 -:--5 (Lsumofpolygon)
°
=LCBE=70" (alt.Ls,BC//AD)
(b ) x=y (given) = 108° LBCD= 180°-LABC (i.nt. Ls,AB//DC)
AB//EM (corr. Ls equal) LGCD = 90° (propertyof square) = 180°-(70° - 70° ) = 40°
In 6.BDP and 6.EMP, B C =? LBCG=l08° -90° =J8 °
LBPD=LEPM (vert. opp.Ls) (ii) LABC = 90 ° (property of square) BC=CD=CG (given)
LPBD=LPEM (altLs,AB//EM) LPBC=60 (propertyofequil6.)
°
LGBC = LBGC (base Ls, isos. 6) 11.16 HKCEE MA2007-I-8
1 => LABP = 90° - 60° = 30° In.6.BCG, LGBC= (180°-LBCG)-:-2 (Lsumof 6) .i: = 180° -110° = 70° (ad.
BD=EM= As (proved) j Ls on st. line)
4 AB = BC (property of square) =81 °
.6.BDP2;!l:::.£MP (AAS) = BP (property of equil6.) LCBF = z (base Ls, isos. 6.)
LABP = 108° 81" = 27°
(c) PD=PM (corr. sides. 2;! 6s) => LPAB = LAPB (base Ls, isos. 6.) LEBC=110" (alt.Ls,AC//DF)
LAPB=180° -LA-LABP=45 ° (Lsumof6)
CM EC I = (180° -30° ) -;-2 = 75 ° (L sum of .6.) Z=110 ° 90° =20°
= co r. sides.~6s)
CD AC 3 ( r y=180"-90°-x=20° (Lsumcf6)
=
LPQC = 180° -LPAB = 105 ° Ont.Ls,AB//DC) 11.12 HKCEEMA 2002 I - JO
=> DM=3CD=2CM 11.5 HKCEEMA1993(l)-I-l(c) (a) In 6.ABC. LB = LC (base Ls, isos. 6)
PM=CM (=PD) = (180° -20°)-:--2 (L sumof6) 11.17 HKCEEMA2008-l-9
X 3 21
(d) PM= CM (proved) ?=5 (mtercept Ihm) ,=;,, x=5 = goo x=33 °
(alt.Ls,CD//AB)
Area of .6.EMP = Area of !::.EMC In 6CBE, LE=LB= S0° (base Ls, isos.6.) y=43"+x=76° (cxtLof6)
l:::.BDP 8$" .6.EMP (proved) 11.6 HKCEEMA1995-I-l(c) LECB = 180 °- 2(80° ) (L sum of 6.) LACE=y = 76° (base Ls. isos. 6.)
Area of .6.BDP =Area of 6.EMP Required L = (S- 2)180° - 8 = 135 ° (L sum of polygon) = 20° z=180° -LACE-y=28 ° (Lsumof6)
1 LECF = 80 20 = 60
Hen ce, Area of 6.BDP = zArea of C::.PEC
° ° °

11.7 HKCEEMA 1995-I-l(d) Thus, 6CEF is equilateral. => LCEF = 60" 11.18 HKDE S MA 2020-I- 8
AB= DC= 5 and LA = 90° (property of rectangle) (b) LEDF = LDEF (base Ls. isos. 6)
BD=JAB1 +ADl=l3 (Pyth.thm) = 180° -LCEF-LBEC (adj. Ls on st line) s, AB""BE (given)
11.3 HKCEEMA 1981(2)-1-14 =40°
11.8 HKCEEMA 1996-I-IO LDFA=40 -LA=20 (ext.Lof6)
° ° LAEB = LBAE (base Ls, isos. A)
(a) LXAB+LYBA = 180 ° (int. Ls,XA//YB) LDFA = LDAF = 20� (proved) LAEB=30°
2LPAB + 2LPBA = 180° (given) (a) X = 360° - 80° 60° - 80° - 75° =65°
(sum of ext. Ls of polygon) AD=DF (sides opp. equal Ls)
LPAB+LPBA = 90° L4DB==LBED+LDBE (ext. L ofA)
:. In l:::.ABP, (b) 6.ABE and 6CDB (SAS)
11.13 HKCEEMA2004 1-12 42° =30"+LDBE
LAPS= 180 ° -(LPAB+LPBA) (L sum of 6) (c) In6ABE.y+z=S0° (ext.Loft:;.)
= 180° -90° (proved) (a) (1) LAEF = LCED (vert. opp.Ls) LDBE=12"
6.ABE � 6.CDB
=90° LCDB = y (corr. Ls, £a: 6.s) = LCDE (base Ls, isos. 6.) LBEC"" LDBE (altL . s , BD // CE)
(b) Let Q be on AB such that LAPQ = LAPC. BD = BE (corr.sides, £a: 6s) =36° =12"
In D.APC and l:::.APQ, LBDE = LEED (base Ls, isos. 6) (ii) LABC= LACS (base Ls, isos . .6.) b LDCE=LBDC (alt.Ls,BD//CE)
AP=AP (common) =180° -z (65 ° ) (adj.Lsonst.line) = LCDE + LCED (ext. L of .6.) aB
LCAP=LQAP (given) = 115° -z = 72 °
LCEF+LCFE+LECF=-180° (LsumofA)
LAPC = LAPQ (by construction) LCDB+LBDE + 75° = 180° (adj. Ls onst. line) LBAC=l80° 2 (72 °)=36° (Lsumof.6.)
C::.A.PC 2;! 6.A.PQ (AAS) y+(IW-z)+75 ° = 180° LFAE = LAEF = 36 (proved) 12"+LCFE+0:180°
(b ) (i) °

CP=PQ (corr.sides, � 6.s) z )'= 10° AF=FE (sides opp. equal Ls) 0:168 °-0
Besides, = 100 AF=FB,FE=FB (given)
:.;-- { y 35
o
Hence, { :-y
=
LQPB = 90 - LAPQ = 90° L.APC (corr.Ls, £a: 6s)
°
y+z=80 °
z=4 5 ° LEFB=LA+LAEF=72° (ext.Lof.6.)
=> LDPB=180 ° -90° L.APC (adj.Lsonstline) LFEB = LFBE (base Ls, isos. 6.)
=90° -LAPC . ln.6.BDE, 0=180° 2LBED (Lsumof.6.J = (180° -LEFB)-;-2=54°
=LQPB = 180 2(ll5 ° z) = 40°
°
Hence, LAEB = LAEF+LFEB = 36° +54° = 90°

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11B Congruent and similar triangles llB.5 HKCEE MA2010 I 9 llB.9 HKDSE MA 2015 13 (ii) DE=Ycol+cE2 =60cm (Pyth.thml
(a) LEAC+LACD=180 ° (intLs,AE//CD) (a) In 6ABE and .6.BCF, I ,
Area of DADE= (25)(60) = 750(cm-)
lIB.l HKCEE MA 1982(2)-1-13 InMBC, LABC+LBAC+ LBCA = 180" AB=BC (pro perty of square) 2
(a) LDAB = LEAC = 60" (property of equil. .6.) (Lsumof 6) LB=LC=90° (property of square) (iii) AD= J251 +601 = 65 (cm) (Pyth. thm)
LDAB + LBAC = LEAC + LBAC LABC+(l08°-i.EAC)+(126° -LACD) = 1 80° AE = BF (given) Let£ cm be the shortest distance from E to AD.
LDAC=LBAE °
LABC+234 -(180 ° ) = 180° 6ABE�6BCF (RHS) AD-e
- = Area of !::,ADE
In MDC and !:::.ABE, (proved) {b) LAEB = LBFC (corr. sides, 8!: .6.s) 2
DA = BA (property of cquil. D.) £=2x750-:-65
LABC = 126° In D.BEG,
LDAC=LBAE (proved) = 23.077 > 23
(b) In /Y.BC and 6DCB, LBGE = 180° LGBE LGEB (L sum of 6) .-. NO.
AC=AE (property of equil. D.) AB=DC (given) = 180° - LGBE- LBFC (proved)
.6.ADC e! .6.ABE (SAS) LABC = LDCB = 1 26° (proved) = LBCF=90° (L sum of D.)
DC=BE (corr. sides,� D.s) 11BI3 HKDSEMA2020-l-18
BC=CB (common) :. YES.
/Y.BC � D.DCB (SAS) (c) BE= CF= 15 cm (corr. sides, 2" 6s) LTUV =L.J'WU (L. ill al� •'1',lllonl)
BG=JBE'- -EG2=12cm (Pyth.thm) LUTV=L.WTU (=L.)
llB.2 HKCEE MA 2001-I- J l LUVT=LWUT [3rdLofil)
(a) PA 1=PA=xcm MflV-MTU (A A.A.)
llB.6 HKCEEMA20l1 T-9 llB.10 HKDSEMA2016 I 13
In&BA', x2=PB2 +BA12 (Pyth.thm) DE = ED (common) ,l.UTV-t;.WIV (from{n))
(a) In 6.ABD and D.ACD, (a)
x 2 = (12-x)2+(12- 2) 2
;,f = 144-24.:c+/+36 ⇒ x=7.5
LBAD LCAD (given) BD+DE=CE+ED (given)
BE=CD
:=f& (<:0<r ,id.._-.1sj
AD=AD (common) ro = ;v
(b) In MBA' and M1CR, LABD=LACD (given) In 6ACD and .6.ABE, TV+YW JV
LB=LC=90" (given) 6ABD�D.ACD (ASA) BE=CD (proved)
LBPA' = 180° LB-LPA'B (Lsumof .6.) �=�
(b) LCAD=LBAD=31 ° (given) LAEB=LADC (given) 32S+VW iSO
,,,,90° -LPA'B In MCD, AE=AD (sides opp. equal Ls) VW�1541cm
LCA'R= 180° -LPA'R-LPA'B (adj.Ls on st. line LADC = 180° -31 ° - !7° = 132° (L sum of D.) 6ACD�6ABE (SAS) Tb, circumference ofC= ,r\1547)
=90° -LPA'B LADE=LADC = 132° (corr.Ls.� D.s) =el547,rcm
DM = EM (given)

:�
(b) (i)
=e:,. LBA'P = LCA1R DB = DC (corr. sides,� 6s) MflV-t>.WIU {liom(a))
:. AM .1.DE (propertyofisos. .6.)
LBA'P=LCRA' (L sum of D.) LBDC = 360° - 132° - 132° = 96° (Ls ata pt) AM=JAD2 -(DE-:-2)2 = 12(cm) (Pyth. thm) (corr.oides,-!1:1)
.6.PBA 1 ~ 6A1 CR (AAA) LCBD=LBCD (base Ls, isos. 6) (ii) AB=JAM-+BM =20(cm) (Pyth.thm) UV "' 325
PA' A'R = (180° -96° )-:-2 =42° (L sum of 6)
(c) = (corr. sides.~ D.s) B£2 =252 = 625 uw 180
PB A'C AB2 +AE1=AB2 +AD 2 {corr. sides,� D.s)
7.5 A'R uv .. fi:irn'
⇒ A'R= I0(cm) =202 + 152 = 625 = BE 1
12-7.5 =-y ·. YES. (converse of Pyth. thm) LVUW"=90" (Linoc:mi-circl•J
llB.7 HKDSEMA2013 1-7
uv'+UW'=VW' (Pylh.Thm.J
(a) BE= CE (given)
llB.3 HKCEE MA 2003 - I- 8 LBCE = LCBE (base Ls, isos. D.) llB.11 HKDSEMA2017 I-10 (iiuwJ +aw' 154i'
In .6.ABC and 6DCB, (a) OP= OR and PS= RS (given)
(a) In l::.ABC and D..CDA, UW=J428cm
LBAC=LBDC (given) OS.l.PR (propertyofisos.6)
AB= CD (property of//gram) Thcpcnmele< oft.UVW =DY +VII'+ VW
LACB=LDCB (proved) In 60PS and 60RS.
BC =DA (p ro perty of //gram) BC= CB (common) OP=OR (given) =ii"UW+UW+MI'
AC= CA (common)
L::.ABC � 6DCB {A.AB) 0S=0S (common)
.6.ABC �lJ>.CDA (SSS) =�{1428}+ 1428+1547
(b) (i) 3 (6ABC � 6DCB, 6ABE � 6DCE, .6.ABD� 6DCA) L0SP = L0SR (proved)
(b) l::.ABD � D.CDB, !:::.ABE� D.CDE. 6ADE � .6.CBE
(ii) 4 (the 3 in (i) and .6.ADE ~ .6.CBE) 60PS�L0RS (RHS) =3S"J0em
=35.1,u
;,-3'!'.m
llB.12 HKDSEMA2018 1-13 Tuerefurc, the perimeter of .i.UVW c.�c.,,.J,, 35 m.
llB.4 HKCEE MA 2009 -I- 11
llB.8 HKDSEMA 2014 I 9 (a) LC=l80° LB=90° (int.Ls,AB//DC) Thccl,rlmso.sreO<iwith.
(a) LADC=LACE-LCAD (ext.Loft.) LBAE = 180° - LAB£- LAEBquad (L sum of .6.)
= LACE- LBCE (given) (a) In !:::.ABC and 6BDC,
=90" LAEB
= LACB LC=LC (common)
LCED = 180 ° - LAED- LAEB (adj. Ls on st. line)
In 6.ABC and l:,AED, LBAC=LDBC (given)
= 90" LAEB
AC=AD (given) LABC=LBDC (L sum of 6)
BAE=LCED
BC=ED (given) 6ABC~6BDC (AAA)
LACB LADE (proved)
= AC BC In .6.ABE and D.ECD,
D.ABC� D.AED (SAS)
(b) (corr. sides,~ D.s) LB=LC= 90° (proved)
BC DC
25 = 20 LBAE = LCED (proved)
(b) (i) In 6.ABF and D.DEA,
20 DC LBEA = LCDE (L sum of .6.)
LAFB=LDAE (alt Ls,AD//BC)
DC= 16 D.ABE ~ 6ECD (AAA)
LABF=LDEA (corr. Ls,� 6s)
LBAF = LEDA (L sum of 6) sc1'- = 202 = 4002 (b) (i) BE= JAE 2 -AB2 = 20cm (Pyth. thm)
6ABF~6DEA (AAA) BD +CD2 = 12 +162 =400=B C2 AB EC
= (corr. sides,~ D.s)
(ii) D.CEF, D.CBA D.BCD is a right-Led 6. (converse of Pyth. thm) BE CD
15 36
=
w co
CD= 48cm

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