PORTFOLIO 1
Filipino Social
Thinkers
Submitted by: Zhierine Kei Almonte
12- MAGDALO
Submitted to: Ma’am Divine Ramos Bautista
JOSE RIZAL – considered as one of the greatest
Filipino social thinkers during the nineteenth century.
Rizal as the first systematic social thinker in Southeast
Asia because his writings can be used as basis of
sociological theories and concepts.
Some of his most popular written works include:
Noli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not): A novel that
exposed the injustices and corruption of the Spanish colonial government
in the Philippines.
El Filibusterismo (The Reign of Greed): A sequel to Noli Me Tangere
that further criticized the Spanish colonial government and the Catholic
Church.
Mi Ultimo Adios (My Last Farewell): A poem that Rizal wrote before
his execution, which expresses his love for his country and his desire for
freedom.
La Solidaridad (The Solidarity): A newspaper that Rizal founded in
Spain, which aimed to unite Filipinos and promote reforms in the
Philippines.
Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (Events in the Philippine
Islands): An annotated edition of Antonio de Morga’s book, which
provided a detailed account of the pre-colonial Philippines.
ANDRES BONIFACIO- As a social thinker,
Bonifacio’s contribution was in his advocacy for the
rights of the masses and the establishment of a society
that would be free from the oppression of the ruling
class. He believed that the people should have the power
to govern themselves and that the government should be
accountable to the people.
ISABELO DELOS REYES - He was the
founder and editor of two periodicals in Madrid,
Spain namely, El Defensor de Filipinas and
Filipinas Ante Europa. He also wrote two books in Spain. These are
lndependencia y Revolucion and La Religion de Katipunan. The former called
on Filipinos to continue the war against the United States while the latter
explained the KKK’s organization and teachings.
RAFAEL PALMA - Palma
advocated academic freedom and
education for both service and national
development. As well, he related education
to hospitality.
ZEUS SALAZAR - Salazar contributed
toward the Filipino conceptualization of the
self by redressing the imbalance of Filipino
self-representation and discourse in
Philippine historiography. He emphasized
that the meaning of history originates from
its significance to the nation.
RENATO CONSTANTINO - Constantino’s contribution as a
social thinker is significant as he stressed the importance of
nationalism as the Filipinos’ primary weapon against
reactionary forces.
VIRGILIO ENRIQUEZ - His contributions
to Philippine studies include the
development of indigenous research
methods and indigenous personality testing,
new directions in teaching psychology, and
an active participation in organizations
among Filipino psychologists and social
scientists, both in the Philippines and
overseas.
EMILIO JACINTO - He wrote
several revolutionary manifestos and
essays that emphasized the importance
of national unity, social justice, and
freedom.
CAMILO OSIAS - Osias is credited for
the educational provisions in the
Constitution of the Philippines, the
Preamble, and the economic provisions
therein . He was an outstanding champion
of academic freedom and civil liberties,
which he considered as the true
foundations of democratic policy .
CIRILO BAUTISTA - Cirilo
F. Bautista was a Filipino poet,
fictionist, and essayist who made
significant contributions to the
development of the country’s literary
arts 1. As a teacher of literature, he
brought poetry and fiction closer to
people who otherwise would not have
the opportunity to develop their
creative talent
