Hyperbolas are conic sections that are not commonly encountered formally.

Its graph consists of

two unbounded branches which extends in different directions.

A hyperbola is a set of all coplanar points such that the difference of its distance from two fixed
points is called the foci of the ellipse.

Standard Equations of Hyperbolas with Center at Origin

Hyperbola with foci on the Hyperbola with foci on the

Center (0,0)
x-axis (Horizontal) y-axis (Vertical)
Equation 𝒙 𝟐 𝒚𝟐 𝒚𝟐 𝒙𝟐
− =𝟏 − =𝟏
𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐

Where 𝑐 = √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 and 𝑐 > 𝑎 Where 𝑐 = √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 and 𝑐 > 𝑎

Vertices Coordinates: (±𝑎, 0) Coordinates: (0, ±𝑎)
(Transverse Axis) Length: 2𝑎 Length: 2𝑎
Location: On the x-axis Location: On the y-axis
Foci Coordinates: (±𝑐, 0) Coordinates: (0, ±𝑐)
Coordinates: (0, ±𝑏) Coordinates: (±𝑏, 0)
Conjugate Axis Length: 2𝑏 Length: 2𝑏
Location: On the y-axis Location: On the x-axis
Asymptotes 𝑏 𝑎
𝑦=± 𝑥 𝑦=± 𝑥
𝑎 𝑏
Latus Rectum Endpoints: (𝑐, ±
𝑏2
) and (−𝑐, ±
𝑏2
) Endpoints: (±
𝑏2
, 𝑐) and (±
𝑏2
, −𝑐)
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
2𝑏2 2𝑏2
Length: Length:
𝑎 𝑎
Equation: 𝑥 = ±𝑐 Equation: y= ±𝑐
Direction: Vertical Direction: Horizontal
Auxiliary Rectangle Dimension: 2𝑎 x 2𝑏 Dimension: 2𝑎 x 2𝑏
Standard Equations of Hyperbolas with Center at h,k

Hyperbola with foci on the Hyperbola with foci on the

Center (h,k)
x-axis (Horizontal) y-axis (Vertical)
Equation (𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 (𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐
− =𝟏 − =𝟏
𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐

Where 𝑐 = √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 and 𝑐 > 𝑎 Where 𝑐 = √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 and 𝑐 > 𝑎

Vertices Coordinates: (ℎ ± 𝑎, 𝑘) Coordinates: (ℎ, 𝑘 ± 𝑎)
(Transverse Axis) Length: 2𝑎 Length: 2𝑎
Equation: 𝑦 = 𝑘 Equation: x= ℎ
Location: On the x-axis (Horizontal) Location: On the y-axis (Vertical)
Foci Coordinates: (ℎ ± 𝑐, 𝑘) Coordinates: (ℎ, 𝑘 ± 𝑐)
Coordinates: (ℎ, 𝑘 ± 𝑏) Coordinates: (ℎ ± 𝑏, 𝑘)
Length: 2𝑏 Length: 2𝑏
Conjugate Axis
Equation: 𝑥 = ℎ Equation: 𝑦 = 𝑘
Location: On the y-axis (Vertical) Location: On the x-axis (Horizontal)
Asymptotes 𝑏 𝑎
𝑦 = 𝑘 ± (𝑥 − ℎ) 𝑦 = 𝑘 ± (𝑥 − ℎ)
𝑎 𝑏
Latus Rectum Endpoints: (ℎ + 𝑐, 𝑘 ±
𝑏2
) and Endpoints: (ℎ ±
𝑏2
,𝑘 + 𝑐) and
𝑎 𝑎
𝑏2 2
(ℎ − 𝑐, 𝑘 ± ) 𝑏
𝑎 (ℎ ± , 𝑘 − 𝑐)
2𝑏2
𝑎
Length: 2𝑏2
𝑎 Length:
𝑎
𝑏2
Equation: 𝑥 = 𝑘 ± 𝑏2
𝑎 Equation: y= ℎ ±
𝑎
Auxiliary Rectangle Dimension: 2𝑎 x 2𝑏 Dimension: 2𝑎 x 2𝑏