Learning Worksheet - Q2 - Module 8

PRE-CALCULUS Evaluate an Inverse of
Learning Worksheet
Trigonometric Expressions
2nd Quarter-Module 8
MELC:
❖ Evaluate an inverse trigonometric expression STEM_PC11T-IIh-2
❖ Solve trigonometric equations STEM_PC11T-IIh-i-1
Objective/s :
1. evaluate an inverse trigonometric expression.
2. solve situational problems involving inverse trigonometric functions.
3. appreciate the application of inverse trigonometric functions in real world.
KEY CONCEPTS:
Lesson 1: Evaluate an Inverse Trigonometric Expressions: Inverse Sine Function
We remembered that finding the inverse of a function is as easy as switching the x and y
variables, and that the inverse of a function is symmetrical (a mirror image) along the line 𝑦 = 𝑥
when we looked at it.
Six trigonometric functions have inverses that follow the same rules, but they don't have
inverses until the domain is narrowed because they are periodic (repeating). The domains will be
restricted to specified quadrants so that the original function passes the horizontal line test and the
inverse functions are one-to-one, meaning that each element corresponds to exactly one domain
element.
More formally, two functions f and g are inverse functions if,
𝒈(𝒇(𝒙)) = 𝒙 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝒙 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝒇,
And
𝒇(𝒈(𝒙)) = 𝒙 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝒙 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝒈
We denote the inverse function of a function 𝑓 by 𝑓 −1 . The graphs of a function and its inverse
function and its inverse function are symmetric with respect to the line 𝑦 = 𝑥.
In this lesson, we will define each respective inverse function and evaluate the values of each
inverse trigonometric function.
Inverse Sine Function

The sine function's domain is the set R of real numbers, and its range is the closed interval
[−1,1]. As we observed in previous courses, the sine function is not one-to-one, therefore the first step
is to restrict its domain (by agreeing on a convention) to the following conditions: (1) the sine
function is one-to-one in that restricted domain, and (2) the range remains the same.
1
The graph of the restricted sine function 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 is shown in (a), while the graph of inverse
sine function 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 𝒙 is shown in (b).
a. 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 b. 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 𝒙
Example A: Find the exact value of each expression.
2
Example B: Find the calculator value of each. Express the principal value to the nearest second.
1. 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑖𝑛 0.4123 3. 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 0.2222
2. 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 0.2793 4. 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑖𝑛 0.8321
Lesson 2: Evaluate an Inverse Trigonometric Expressions: Inverse Sine Function
Inverse Cosine Function

Due to the fact that is not a one-to-one function, the domain must be confined to 0 to,
resulting in the restricted cosine function. The inverse cosine function is represented as 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥 or
𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥. Because inverse functions swap x- and y-values, its range is 0 to 1, and its domain is −1 𝑡𝑜
1.
3
Graph of Inverse Cosine and Cosine Function
The graph of the restricted cosine function 𝑦=𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 is shown in (a), while the graph of inverse
cosine function 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥 is shown in
a. 𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 b. 𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 𝒙
Example 1: Find the exact value of each expression.
4
Lesson 3: Evaluate an Inverse Trigonometric Expressions: Inverse Tangent Function
The inverse tangent function is similarly defined as inverse sine and inverse cosine functions.
Graph of Inverse Tangent and Tangent Function

The graph of the restricted function 𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 is shown in (a), while the graph of inverse
function 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 is shown in (b).
a. 𝒚 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙 b. 𝒚 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝒙
Example 1: Find the exact value of each expression.
5
Lesson 4: Evaluate an Inverse Trigonometric Expressions: Remaining Inverse Functions
We now define the remaining inverse trigonometric functions.
6
Graphs of the remaining inverse trigonometric functions
The graphs of the last three inverse trigonometric functions are shown below.
Keep in mind that the method for obtaining the value of an inverse function is the same for
all inverse functions. In other words, 𝑦 = 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) is equivalent to 𝑓(𝑦) = 𝑥. Each inverse trigonometric
function's range must be remembered. The information about the six inverse trigonometric functions
is summarized in the table below.
Example: Find the exact value of each expression.
7
Application:
Directions: Take a look at the issue below. It has already been resolved, but you must administer the
appropriate therapy. To do so, write or fill in each blank in the solution with what is lacking. You have
the option of selecting your answer from the Bank box.
A student is viewing a painting in a museum. Standing 6 ft from the painting, the eye level of
the student is 5 ft above ground. If the painting is 10 ft tall, and its base is 4 ft above ground, find the
viewing angle subtended by the painting at the eyes of the student.

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PRE-CALCULUS Evaluate an Inverse of

Inverse Sine Function

Example A: Find the exact value of each expression.

Lesson 2: Evaluate an Inverse Trigonometric Expressions: Inverse Sine Function

Inverse Cosine Function

Graph of Inverse Tangent and Tangent Function

Example 1: Find the exact value of each expression.

We now define the remaining inverse trigonometric functions.

Example: Find the exact value of each expression.

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